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111Unit1 Friendship1. steal sth.from sb. / steal sbs sth. (stole,stolen) thief theftrob sb. of sth. (robbed,robbed) robber robberycheat sb. out of sth. (cheated,cheated) cheat 2. share sth. with sb.share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦share joys and sorrowsThey shared the same tastes and interests.他们趣味相投。the lions share 最大份额3. be crazy about/ over They are crazy about / over pop music.go crazy/mad The girl went crazy with fear.drive sb. crazy What he said at the meeting nearly drove me crazy.like crazy The workers have to work like crazy to finish the work on time.4. form a habitform the habit of form good habits5. join the Party/ the League/ the club/ the group/ WTO/ the army/ the organizationjoin in the game/ the discussion/ the conversationjoin sb. in the game6. advise sb.to do sth.advise doing sth.advise that sb. (should) do sth.a piece of advice/ some advice/ a lot of adviceturn to sb. for advicefollow/ take ones advicegive sb. some advice on how to do7. It (so) happened that It appeared that It seemed that It is said/reported/believed that It happende that he was out. He happened to be out.It seemed that they were eating something. They seemed to be eating something.It was reported that they had finished their homework. They were reported to have finished their homework.8. 另外10个人another 10 people / 10 more people / 10 other people9. He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.He lives on a lonely island.You should finish the work alone.10. make + n. + n. make sb. do be made to do make oneself done (heard/ understood/ known)make + n. + adj. Mr Ding made Zhao monitor. Zhao was made monitor by Mr Ding. I raised my voice in order to make myself heard. I raised my voice in order to make people hear me.Exercise can make me strong and healthy.11. tell lies /tell a lie tell the truth12. cant help doingcant help (to) doI cant help feeling sorry because I cant help do anything for you.13. let sb. domake sb. dohave sb. doget sb. to do14. have difficulty /trouble (in) doing sth.have difficulty /trouble with sth.take great trouble to do sth.make great efforts to do sth.15. too much 不可数名词too many 可数名词much too 形容词、副词be too much for This job is too much for an old man of 80.16. add Then he added that add to The fireworks added to the attraction of the Spring Festival. add up to All his school education added up to no more than one year.17. to the point 中肯，得要领 off the pointbe short and to the point 简明扼要be on the point of 将要，正要point out / It is pointed out that指出 the freezing point a turning point in history gain a point The point is that my strong / weak point point out the mistakes18. be (much) concerned about 十分关心，十分挂念As / So far as Im concerned , 就我个人而言19. Germany German GermansRome Roman RomansFrance French Frenchmen20. dare 在肯定句中，dare，dares，dared之后，一般加to He dares to do most things, but he doesnt dare to do this. He dared to do that and something even worse.(2) 在否定句和疑问句中的dare之后， 一般不加to We could see he dared not tell the truth. Dare she tell them what she knows? How dare you say so?(3) 在do 、does 构成的否定、疑问句中，应当有但往往省略We didnt dare (to) tell him that he had failed again this time.Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?21.It is the first time that It is high time that It is the second time that John has held an art exhibition. It is high time that we started work. It was the third time that she had come to this mountain village to see the children.22. Important sentences of this unit:1) I stayed awake on purpose in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.2) Im getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other.3) They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry.4) Im not very good at communicating with people. So I feel quite lonely sometimes.5) I would be grateful if you would give me some advice.6) As good friends, we trust each other and are always concerned about each other. Sometimes we do quarrel, but soon we calm down and have a heart-to-heart talk to solve our problems.7) True friends should share happiness and sorrow.8) Keep on trying. Im sure youll make even greater progress in English.Unit 2 English Around the world1. English-speaking countries:The U.K. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandThe U.S the United States of AmericaCanadaAustraliaNew Zealand2. include This group include 3 men and 5 women.including There are 8 people in the group, including 5 women.included There are 8 people in the group, 5 women included. follow Can you follow me?following The teacher entered the room, following some students.followed The teacher entered the room, followed by some students.interest interesting interested 3. because of becauseThe meeting had to be put off because it rained heavily/hard.They had to put off the meeting because of the heavy rain.4. play a role in / play a part inShe played an important role / a major part in winning the match.He played an active part in the local community.5. in the direction of in all directions = in every directionunder the direction of 6. make full use of make good use of You should make better use of your time7. in the early /middle / late 1980s/1980s/80sin ones early /middle /late thirties 8. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 9. January February March April May June July August September October November December10. a number of the number of 11. Important sentences of this unit:1) India has a very large number of English speakers.2) Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.3) Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.4) All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.5) The hospital is 4 blocks from here. You may go there by taxi or on foot. Unit 3 Travel Journal1. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事into doing sth. talk sb. into doing sth.out of doing sth. out of doing sth. try to persuade sb. to do sth., but 说而不服 advise sb. to do sth., but 请翻译： 我爸爸劝我参加夏令营。 他妈妈劝他不要参加夏令营。 我爸爸劝我参加夏令营，但我拒绝了。manage to do sth. try to do sth.succeed in doing sth. fail to do sth.success failure 抽象名词具体化Failure is the mother of success.The meeting was a great success.As a father, he is a failure. But as a teacher, he is a success.2. He determined on going to college. = He was determined to go to college. = He made up his mind to go to college. = He decided to go to college. = He made a decision to go to college. They have made up their minds to go on. = They have determined to go on.3. insist on doing sth. insist that (should) do I insisted on his going to the ball with me.= I insisted that he go to the ball with me.He insisted on being sent to Tibet.= He insisted that he (should) be sent to Tibet.注意：他坚持说他没有违法，不该被投进监狱。He insisted that he didnt break the law and shouldnt be put in prison.他坚持说他没生病，不用送医院。 He insisted that he wasnt ill and not be sent to hospital.类似用法的有suggestsuggest doing sthsuggest that (should) do sth.注意当表示“表明，暗示”时，则不用虚拟语气His pale face suggested that he was ill.4. Whats your attitude towards / toward / to ?5. be familiar to This song is familiar to me .be familiar with I am familiar with this song.6. 强调结构It is /was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他成分Wh- was it that ？当对被强调的地点、时间、原因、方式等状语提问时， 要用这个句型。do ,does, did对谓语动词的强调 I saw Tom in the street this morning. 1） 他是在哪里度过他的童年的？Where was it that he spent his childhood?2） 他们怎样取得这么大的成就的呢？How was it that they made such great achievements?3） 他和她为什么吵架啊？ Why was it that he quarrelled with her? 7. throughacrossoverThe Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it reaches the sea.The new railway travels to Hong Kong over mountains, through tunnels and across rivers.8. breathe v. breathe deeplybreath n. take a deep breath out of breath hold ones breath9. Do you mind closing the door?my/me closing the door?Li Pings closing the door?Li Ping closing the door? His being late made the teacher angry. Li Pings being late made the teacher angry.10. 用比较级表示最高级：He is taller than any other student in Class 1. any other boy in Class 1. any girl in Class 1. any of the other students in Class 1.China is larger than any other country in Asia. any country in Africa.11. populationWhat is the population of China?China has a population of 1.3billion.The population of China is 13 billion.China has a large population while England has a small population.The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.About 80% of the population in China are farmers.12. may / might / must / can/ could He may be Li Mings father.Its 12 oclock. He may be having his lunch.He didnt come on time. He may have been caught in the traffic jam.It must have rained last night for the ground is wet.n Look, someone is coming. Who can it be?n It may be the headmaster.n It cant be him. He has gone to Beijing.n Then it must be Mr. Zhang. He looks exactly like our headmaster.13. put up1) If you have questions, you can put up your hands to ask your teacher.2) They put up several new houses on our street.3) They put up some pictures on the wall to make the room more beautiful.4) Every morning, mother puts up breakfast for the two children.5) He is going to put up another proposal at the conference.14. For one thing, ; for anotherIll not go to the cinema tonight. For one thing, it is raining. For another, there will be an exam tomorrow.Ill not go to Guilin. For one thing, Ive no time; for another I have no money.15. be tired from: become tired because of be tired of : be uninterested in After he got home, he fell down onto the sofa, for he was tired a days hard work.He was tired discmusic, for it is noisy.16. as usual than usual He came late as usual. He will go home at the Spring Festival as usual. He had important things to deal with this mornig, so he got up much earlier than usual. Today there are more people in the meeting room than usual He feels a bit better than usual this morning.16. It has twice the population.a. A is times as as B.b. A is .times more than B.c. A is .times the + n. of B. 这个房间是那个房间的四倍大。 This room is 4 times as big as that one. This room is 3 times bigger than that one. This room is 4 times the size of that one. 我们市人口比他们多五倍。17. 梦想成真的表达法come true My dream has come true.realize My dream has been realized.turn into reality My dream has been turned into realuity.18. Important sentences of this unit:1) Since middle school, my sister and I have dreamed about/of taking a great bike trip.2) It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River.3) Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we find the source of the river and begin our journey there.4) She gave me a determined look.5) Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.6) It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province.7) Cambodia was in many ways similar to Laos, although it has twice the population.8) Her village couldnt even afford to build a school, so she had to teach outside under a large tent.9) We were very tired from the long bike ride the day before.10) Cycling in the hills had been difficult.11) Two days later we crossed the border into Vietnam12) We were tired but also very excited: our dream to cycle along the Mekong River had finally come true.Unit 4 Earthquakes1. A terrible tsunami broke out on December 26 in the Indian Ocean. More than 200000 people were killed.In 1906, an earthquake shook/hit/struck San Francisco. 700 people died and 250000 people lost their homes.In 1976, an earthquake happened/ broke out in Tangshan.2. Natural disasters:TsunamisEarthquakesFloodsHurricanesTornadoesTyphoonsDroughts3. burst into tearsburst into laughter4. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.hurt 可指精神上痛苦或感情上的伤害 vt. &vi.injure 常用于意外受伤 vt.wound 打伤、刀伤，尤其指战场上受伤 vt.The football player was in the right leg.His words me.My head badly.The soldiers in the battle were taken care of by the nurse.5. All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost.Not all the students agree to the plan.= All the students dont agree to the plan.6. It seemed that the world was at an end. 简单句7. shake 用法归纳 (shook, shaken)The house shook when the earthquake started. （震动vi.）She was shaking with anger. 气得发抖His heavy steps shook the room. 震动vt.She was badly shaken by the news. 震惊Shake the bottle before taking the medicine. 摇动His voice shook with emotion.与握手 shake hands with sb. warmly shake sbs hands shake sb. by the hand8. strike用法归纳 (struck, struck / stricken)Strike while the iron is hot.His head struck the table as he fell.Our troops struck the enemy camp at dawn.The earthquake struck this city at midnight.I struck a match and saw there was a snake.He was struck by a snake. I left immediately the clock struck 12.It struck me that I was deeply struck by he beauty.They are striking for higher pay and better working conditions. n. 罢工go on strike be on strike9. rise vi. (rose, risen)raise vt.raise ones voice / eyes /eyebrowsraise prices raise living standardsThe national flag is raised every morning.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.The river is rising after the rain.Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.10. Important sentences of this unit:1) It seemed that the world was at an end.2) In 15 terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.3) The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400000.4) Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.5) Water, food and electricity were hard to get.6) People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.7) Slowly, the city began to breathe again.8) Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.9) Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!10) This is advice on how to protect your home from an earthquake.11) Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.Never in all San Franciscos history were her people so kind as on that terrible night.12) Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night.Unit 5 Nelson Mandela1. fight for with against He told the workers to fight for their rights. Youll have to fight against/with difficulties. England fought against/with Germany during WWII. They fought with the Indians in the last war.2. advise sb. on sth. /how to do sth. Sb. to do sth. doing sth. that sb. should do sth. 虚拟语气 The teacher advised me on how to learn English. The teacher gave me some advice on how to learn English. I advised that you should not eat this kind of fruit.3. put sb. in prison be in prisonsend sb/ to prison be in the prisontake sb. to prisonthrow sb. into prisoncast sb. into prisonsb. be kept/ held prisoner4. receive accept refuse turn down I received his invitation, but I didnt accept it.5. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.Only then did they realize their mistakes.Only in this way can you learn English well.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.6. 请翻译下列句子：1) 士兵和村民共同与敌人战斗。 2) 爸爸建议我多读英文报纸。3) 我们应尽力阻止这种事情再次发生。4) 我第一次听这支歌就喜欢它了。5) 只有在那时他才意识到他错了。6) 我昨天确实见到了Mike.7) 他昨天没有上学的原因是他生病了。8) 我永远不会忘记我见到Mandela的那一天。7. 几组易混的定语从句：1) Those who want to go to the cinema must be He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.The one / Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.2) She is the only one of the girls who has been to Beijing.She is one of the girls who have seen the film.One of the girls has seen the film.3) The time when I went to Tokyo is in 1982.Ill never forget the time that/which I spent at college.The shop that/which I bought is big.The shop where/ in which I bought the book is big.The reason that/which she gave is reasonable.The reason why/ for which he was late was unbelievable.8. 练习：1) _ have plenty of money will help their friends. A. Those who B. He who C.That who D. You who2) This is the longest train _ I have ever seen.A. which B.that C.what D.whom3) _ we all know, swimming is a very good sport.A. Which B.That C.As D.Who4) I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the farm _ you visited last week.A. when; where B. which; which C.when; which D. which; where5) The radio set _ last week has gone wrong.A. I bought it B. which I bought it C. I bought D.what I bought6) He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A. whom B. which C. that D. them7) The day will come _ the people all over the world will win liberation. A. that B. where C. which D. when8) Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A.works B. is working C. are working D. has been working9) They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school. A. whom B. that C.which D. who10) My glasses, _ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A. which B. with which C. without which D. that11) Please put the letter _ he can easily find it.A. in which B. where C. the place where D.in the place12) The house _ there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago. A.which B.in the front of which C. that D.in front of which13) Antarctica, _ we know very little, is covered with thick ice all the year round. A.which B.where C.that D. about which14) The reason _ I was away from school is _ I was ill yesterday. A. that; that B. why; why C. why; that D.that ;why15) It was a meeting _ importance I didnt realize at that time. A. which B. of which C.that D. whose111
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