高中英语 Unit 2《Friendship》Grammar学案1 冀教版必修1

111Unit 2 Friendship-Grammar学案一、关系代词1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。eg：this is your book （which）you want。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 二、关系副词关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=to whichwhen=during whichwhose=of which1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 2. when引导定语从句表示时间注值得一提的是，表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 3. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样.4. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话Some exercises1. The teacher has two children, _ are doctors.A.both of them B. both of the childrenC,both of whom D. both of who2. Do you still remember the chicken farm_ we visited three months ago? A.where B. when C. that D. what3.George Orwell,_was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name4.Madame Curie,for_life had once been very hard ,was successful later.A.whom B.whose C.which D.that5. Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _dont.A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /6.He was educated at a local grammar school,_he went on to Cambridge.A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from which7.I still remember the persons and things_we talked about last week. A.who B. whom C. that D. which8.The man,_car was parked on the wrong side of the road ,had to pay a fine.A. whom B. his C. whose D. which 9.He has to work on Sundays,_he doesnt like.A. and which B. which C. and when D. when10. Children, in my opinion,_creative ability is unthinkably rich,_is seldom taken notice of by us ,should be trained in that area.A. which; that B. which; which C, whose; which D. whose; thatAnswers: CCDACCCCBC111