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111Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the Future预习学案一目标聚焦1. 回顾历史，认识现在，展望未来，激发学生的想象力。2. 学习使用有关预测和猜测的表达方式。3. 掌握过去分词作定语和状语的用法。4. 运用所学英语写出具有丰富想象力的短文。二走进课文1.Read the passage and answer the following questions: Why did Li Qiang go into the future?_ How did he get to the year 3008? _How did he feel when he left his own time?_2.Write down the main idea for each paragraph.Paragrapg1_Paragrapg2_Paragrapg3_Paragrapg4_3.句式点击：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让人难以忍受。本句型为“主语+be +adj.+ to do”不定式用于形容词后作状语，其逻辑宾语为句子主语，但不定式要用主动形式表示被动含义。若其中的动词为不及物动词，则应在其后加相应的介词。如：These programs are usually easy to receive.这些节目通常容易接收到。The box is heavy to carry.这个箱子搬起来很重。注意：该句型的主语可以是人，也可以是物。用于此句型的形容词有easy, hard, comfortable, difficult, heavy等。However , I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而，当我们到达一个看上去是大市场的地方时，由于气垫车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。 what looked like a large market 是一个由what 引导的宾语从句，what在句中做主语。在这句话中what=a place that in all directions 向四面八方Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.然而王平在电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术似的从地板下面升了起来。 from under the floor 从地板下面 as if by magic 像变魔术那样as if = as though “似乎，好像”引导方式状语从句 Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。 过去分词hit 在句中做状语，表示与主句中动作伴随发生的情况，相当于一个状语从句。hit by-= Because I was hit by-课文中类似的句子还有_ Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to date inventions of the 31st century.里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。这是一个完全倒装句，句子的真正主语是 an exhibition.表示方位的副词或介词短语，如 here, there , up, down, in, away, off, out, 等置于句首时，常引起完全倒装eg. Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲出去了。 In front of the house stands a tall tree. 在房子的前面有一棵大树。三语法分析 过去分词作定语和状语 1. 过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语时，和所修饰的中心名词之间存在被动关系，可以转化成一个定语从句。eg. I like the books(which were) written by Ba Jin. 我喜欢巴金写的书。 2.过去分词作状语 过去分词做状语时，常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步等含义，相当于一个状语从句，一般用逗号与其他成分隔开。过去分词做状语时，他的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，与句子主语是被动关系。过去分词表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，或者与谓语表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生 eg.Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks more beautiful.四知识详解 1.impression n. 印象，感想（后面常与on 连用） The beauty of West Lake made a deep impression on me.西湖的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。 What he said gave her a bad impression. 他的话给她留下了恶劣的印象。 搭配： make leave a deep impression on sb. give sb. a deep impression 给某人留下深刻印象 拓展： impress vt. 使- 获得深刻印象， 使铭记 impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 2.lack n.& vt. 1) n. 缺少；没有 （后面常与介词of 连用） The project failed for lack of money. 这项工程因资金不足而失败。 2）vt. 缺少；缺乏 We lacked the strength to walk any further. 我们没力气了，不能再往前走了。 拓展： be lacking in 缺乏（品质，特点等）eg. He is lacking in confidence. 3.press V. & n. 1) v. 按，压，挤，推，贴，熨平（衣服）Press the button. 按按钮。The shoes are pressing my feet. 这鞋挤我的脚 逼迫，敦促They pressed me for an immediate decision. 他们逼我立即决定。He pressed his father to buy him a car. 他逼着父亲给他买一辆车。 2）n. 按，压，挤He gave the bell another press. 他又按了一下铃。the press 新闻界；新闻工作者The press was not allowed to attend the trial.庭审谢绝新闻采访。 出版社 4.tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受 I dont know how you tolerate that noise. 我不知道你怎么能容忍那样的噪音。 We simply can not tolerate cheating in exams. 我们就是不能容忍考试作弊行为。 拓展：同义词有 bear, stand, put up with 5. adjustment n.（1）调整；调节 I have made a few adjustments to the plan. 我以对计划作了几处调整。（2）（思想，行为的）调整，适应 She went through a period of adjustment after the divorce. 离婚后她熬过了一段感情调整期。拓展：adjust. v.（1）调整；调节 The button is for adjusting the volume. 这个按钮是调节音量的。（2）适应；习惯 adjust to sth. adjust oneself to sth. Youll quickly adjust to student life. 你将很快适应学生生活。111
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