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111Unit1 Friendship自助式复习板块知识搜索 A. 单词1.诚实的；正直的(adj.) _2.勇敢的(adj.) _3.忠诚的；忠心的(adj.) _4.聪明的；漂亮的(adj.) _5.荒芜的；荒废的(adj.)_6.古典的；经典的(adj.)_7.喜爱的；多情的(adj.)_8.神圣的(adj.)_9.正式的；正规的(adj.)_10.油煎；油炸(v.)_11.锯(v.)_12.投掷；投射(v.)_13.幸免于；从中生还(v.)_14.打猎；猎取(v.)_15.分享；分配(v.)_16.冒险；冒险经历(v.)_17.解决办法；解决方案(n.)_18.罗盘；指南针(n.)_19.悲哀；悲痛(n.)_20.触觉；感觉(n.)_21.错误；差错(n.)_22.演说；讲话(n.)_答案：1.honest2.brave3.loyal4.smart5.deserted6.classical7.fond8.sacred9.formal10.fry11.saw12.cast13.survive14.hunt15.share16.adventure17.solution18.compass19.sorrow20.feeling21.error22.speechB. 短语23.喜欢(1)_into sth. (2) be _ _ 24.把当作_._.25.搜查_ _ 26.关注，在乎_ _ 27.独自_ _28.由于某事向某人道歉_ to sb. _ sth.29.给某人写信_sb. _ _ 30.由于某事生某人的气_ _ _sb. _ sth.31.偶尔遇见 _ _32.做生意_a_33.留心某事/某人_an_ _ sb. / sth.34.逃课 _ _35.情绪低落 _ _36.与某人分享某物_ sth._ sb. 37.取笑某人 _ _ _sb. 38.对好奇_ _ _ 39.分享快乐和悲伤_ _ and _答案：23.(1)be(2) fond of 24. treat.as./regard.as.25.hunt for26.care about27.all alone28.apologize, for 29.drop, a line30.be angry with, about31.run into32. run, business 33.keep, eye on34.skip classes35.feel down36.share, with37.make fun of38.be curious about39. share happiness, sorrowC. 句型40.你本不该浪费如此多的时间去上网。You_ _ wasted so much time_ _Internet.41. His speech was so inspiring that everybody got excited. = _ _ _ his speech that everybody got excited. 42. As she tried hard, she failed to pass the exam. =_ _she tried, she failed to pass the exam.43. Tom likes playing basketball,_ does his brother.I have never been so happy since I graduated from the university,_ have I.答案：40.shouldnt have, surfing the41.So inspiring was42.Hard as43. so; neither/norD. 语法44. She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”She said .45. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound. ”He said_ .46. He said, “Are you interested in English?”He asked (me) _.47. “What do you want?” he asked me.He asked me _.答案：44. that she would go there the next/following day45.that light travels much faster than sound46.if I was interested in English47.what I wanted重难聚焦重点单词要点1survive 【例题】 (经典回放)In suchdry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they_ .A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will survive解析：be to do 表示将来注定要发生。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，故C、D两项都不能选。答案：B归纳与迁移（1）vt.幸免于，从中逃生The lucky man survived the shipwreck.那个幸运的人在海难中幸存。He survives the crash and lands on a deserted island. 他在坠机后幸存了下来，落在一个荒芜的岛上。（2）vi.活下来，幸存，残存He survived in the desert for a whole week on biscuits and water.他依靠饼干和水在沙漠里存活了一个星期。要点2argue【例题】 The report argues _tax increase, because theres been a turmoil at the beginning of the year.A. for B. with C. against D. over解析:本题考查和argue搭配的短语的意思。argue for表示“提供理由支持”；argue with sb. 表示“和某人争论”；argue against表示“为反对某事提供理由”；argue over表示“就某事进行辩论”。本句句意：因为年初时局曾动荡不安，报告列举了反对增税的种种理由。答案:C归纳与迁移argue争论；争辩常用于以下句型：argue with sb. about/over sth.同某人争论某事argue for/against sth.赞成/反对argue sb. to be.表明，证明argue that.用辩论证明The couple next door are always arguing.隔壁的夫妻总吵架。We are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.我们就这场战争是否正当而展开争论。Mr Smith argued that he should be paid more.史密斯先生据理力争他应该得到更多的薪酬。The way he spends money argues him to be very rich.他花钱的方式说明他很富有。要点3treat【例题】(2010江苏,26)More patients_ in hospital this year than last year.A. treatedB. have treatedC. had treatedD. have been treated解析:根据句意，“treat”的意思是“治疗”，而且是发生在今年，故用现在完成时态的被动式。答案:D归纳与迁移(1)vt.治疗，对待，款待常用于以下句型：treat.as. 把看作treat sb. to sth.用来款待某人treat sb. for. 给某人治病Dont treat me as a child. 不要把我当成小孩看待。Why do you treat the matter as a joke? 你为什么把这件事当作儿戏？Peter treated me to an ice-cream.彼得请我吃了冰激凌。The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patients for SARS.医生和护士们冒着生命危险为SARS患者治病。 (2)以下句型也常用来表示“把当作”：look on/upon.as.have.as.think of.as/to be.consider.as/to be.regard. .as.要点4alone/lonely【例题】 It was a pleasant way of passing the time for an old woman who lived_ .A. lonelyB. aloneC. awayD. busily 解析:lonely和alone意义相近。lonely的意思为“孤独的”，是形容词；alone指的是“独自一人的”，作副词。who定语从句的意思是“一个人住的老太太”，整句话的意思为“对于一个独居的老太太来说的话，这是一个很不错的消磨时间的方法”。答案:B归纳与迁移 (1)词性：alone可以作形容词和副词；lonely只能作形容词。(2)用法：作形容词时，alone只能作表语，有时作宾补，不能作定语；lonely可以作表语和定语。alone不能用very修饰，而要说much alone，或very much alone。(3)词义：作表语时，alone的意思是“独自一人；寂寞”，指的是客观情况；lonely的意思是“寂寞”，指的是主观感觉。Finally the two of us were alone together.最后只有我们两人在一起。Its hard to bring up children alone.一个人独立抚养孩子是艰难的。She lives alone and often feels lonely.她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。（4）固定结构：leave/let sb. /sth. alone听任，别打扰let alone更不用说all alone独自，一个人Carol felt all alone in the world. 卡罗尔感到自己在世界上无依无靠。I was having serious doubts about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone scoring so many points.我怀疑自己还能否活到21岁，更不要说得到这么多分了。要点5match【例题】 The black colour of your shoes doesnt_ the white colour of your suit.A. fitB. agree C. match D. suit解析:本题考查动词辨析。fit与suit都表示“适合”,区别在于fit指大小、形状合适,引申为吻合,协调；suit指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。在表示衣着合身时,match多指大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。agree用法错误。本句句意为“你的黑鞋子和你的白套装不相配”。答案:C归纳与迁移match可用作动词和名词。作动词时，主要义项有：与一致；和相似；和相配；匹敌过；比得过。主要搭配形式为：match+n.+to/with+n.把和搭配起来；match+n.+in/for+n.与匹敌，是的对手。作名词时，主要义项有：火柴；比赛；相配。Please match each picture with the correct sentence. 把每一幅画与正确的句子搭配起来。No one can match her in knowledge of classical music. 在古典音乐方面没有人比得上她。The doors were painted blue to match the walls. 门漆成了蓝色，为的是与墙的颜色相配。The cap is a match for the coat. 这帽子和上衣很相配。重点短语要点1be into sth.【例题】 He is_ surfing in a big way.A. fondB. inC. intoD. onto解析:fond表示“喜爱，喜欢”，常以be fond of搭配形式出现；be in指“时髦的，流行的”；be into表示“喜爱”；be onto sth.表示“对了解，掌握”。句意为“他迷上了冲浪运动”。答案:C归纳与迁移Teenagers are into romantic movies.青少年对爱情片非常感兴趣。Catherine is into collecting stamps.凯瑟琳非常喜欢收藏邮票。还有一些表示“喜爱”的词或者短语，如：enjoy,love,be interested in,care for,be enthusiastic about,take an active interest in,go in for(酷爱)Most boys are fond of football while he enjoys playing tennis.许多男孩喜欢足球而他喜欢网球。【例题】（2010年北京，35）I dont_ rocknroll. Its much too noisy for my taste.A. go afterB. go away withC. go intoD. go in for解析:本题考查短语的区别。go after追赶；go away with与一起离开；go into开始做某事；go in for酷爱。答案:D要点2too much/much too【例题】 The box is_ small；we cant put_ food in it.A. too much；much tooB. much too；too muchC. much too；so manyD. too much；so many 解析:此题主要考查too much和much too的区别。too much是表示“（数量上）太多了，（程度上）过分多”；而much too则是以too为中心词，用来修饰形容词和副词，表示“太”；food为不可数名词，不能用so many修饰。答案:B归纳与迁移(1)too much具有形容词、副词和代词的功能，可以在句中作定语、状语、表语、主语和宾语，表示“太多（的）、过分（的）、好极（的）”。But too much snow can cause trouble.(too much为形容词，作定语)但是雪量太大也会给我们生活上带来许多麻烦。She is afraid the trip will be too much for me.(too much为形容词，作表语)她担心在这次旅行中我会吃不消。She does talk too much.(too much为副词，作状语)她的确说得太多了。(2)Too much has been said about it.(too much 为代词，作主语)对于这个问题我们已经强调得够多了。much too“太”,中心词是副词too,用来修饰形容词和副词，在句中作状语。These shoes are much too narrow for me.这双鞋我穿实在太紧了。You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff.你太瘦了，不能演福尔塔夫这个人。【例题】(经典回放)Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_ to carry all the way home.A. much too heavyB. too much heavyC. heavy too muchD. too heavy much解析:heavy是形容词，所以只能用much too来修饰，表示“箱子太重了无法拿回家”。答案:A要点3 in order to【例题】(2010黄埔模拟)Translation：为了拯救那些禽流感(bird flu)患者，医生们日夜工作，废寝忘食。答案:In order to save those who suffered from bird flu, the doctors worked day and night, forgetting/neglecting (their) meals and sleep.归纳与迁移(1)in order to意思是“目的是，以便，为了”，作目的状语。In order to find the book,he searched the whole house. 为了找到那本书，他翻遍了整个房子。否定形式：in order not to do sth.(2)与in order to意思相近的还有so as to/to do sth.，它们都可以作目的状语，其区别如下：这三种不定式作目的状语，在意义上并无多大差别，to do比较普遍，另外两种语气稍重些，so as to do比较口语化些，in order to do则比较正式。为了加强语气，可以把to do和in order to do放在句首，但是需要注意，so as to do是不能放在句首的。To/In order to hear better,we sit in the front row. 为了听得更清楚，我们坐在前排。(3)to do,in order to do,so as to do三种不定式作目的状语时，一般句子的主语就是不定式的逻辑主语,但如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，常用for来引出。I stepped aside for her to get in. 我为了让她进来于是往旁边挪了挪。必背句型要点1so或neither(nor)引导的（倒装）句型【例题】（2010广西，32）I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!_.A. Nor am IB. Neither would IC. Same with meD. So do I解析:这道题考查“neither+助动词+主语”的倒装句结构，表示“也不”，两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。答案:B归纳与迁移(1)“neither/nor+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+（与前句不同的）主语”表示前句中的否定情况也适用于另一人或物。注意：两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。I have never been to America. 我从未去过美国。Neither/Nor have I.(=I havent been to America, either.)我也从未去过。(2010江苏，21)I will never know what was on his mind at the time；nor will anyone else.我将永远不会知道当时他心里是怎么想的，其他人也不会知道。(2)“so+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+（与前句不同的）主语” 表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物。so代替上文中的动作或概念，表示“也是这样，也是如此”。注意：两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。She can speak French and so can her husband. 她会讲法语，她的丈夫也会。I have lost a bike and so has he.我丢了一辆自行车，他也丢了一辆。(3) 当前句表述的某人或某事情况复杂，而无法使用so或neither(nor)引导的倒装句型表达另一人或物情况相同时，则用It is/was with sb. /sth.。Tom likes playing basketball but he cant play well.汤姆喜欢打篮球，但他打得不好。So it is with me. 我的情况与他相同。He is an honest worker and works hard. 他是一位诚实的工人，而且工作很卖力。So it is with you.你也是这样的。特别提示：“So+（与前句相同的）主语+助动词”表示赞同，so译为“确实”，主谓不倒装。(1)She can speak French. 她会讲法语。So she can.她确实会讲法语。(2)(经典回放)You forget your purse when you went out.Good heavens,_.A. so did IB. so I didC. I did soD. I so did解析:本句意思是：“你外出时忘了带钱包了。”“哎呀！我真的忘记带钱包了。”答案:B(3)David has made great progress recently.,_and_ .A. So he has; so you haveB. So he has; so have youC. So has he; so have youD. So has he; so you have解析:此题前一空考查的是对上文的肯定；第二个空考查的是同样的情况也适用于你。答案:B要点2so.that.【例题】 Liu Xiang did_ well at Athens Olympic Games_ all China are proud of him.A. so；that B. as；as C. not only；but also D. both；and解析:so.that.表示“如此以至于”，与句意最相符。答案:A归纳与迁移(1)so+adj./adv.+that.表示“如此以至于”，that可省略；当so和它所修饰的形容词或副词放在句首时，主句倒装。The book is so interesting that I want to read it again.= So interesting is the book that I want to read it again.这本书是如此有趣，以至于我还想再读一遍。There are so many mistakes in your article that I cant understand the meaning.= So many mistakes are there in your article that I cant understand the meaning.你文章中的错误太多了，以至于我都无法理解其意思。在so.that.句型中也可以使用名词，结构如下：so+few/many+可数名词复数+thatso+little/much+不可数名词+that(2)so+adj.+a(n)+名词+that=such+a(n)+adj.+名词+thatIt was so cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.= It was such a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.天气是如此之冷，以至于河里的冰结了都有两英尺厚了。It was such fine weather that the children all went out,playing in the sun.(weather为不可数名词，所以前面不能加a)天气很好，孩子们都出去在阳光下玩耍。There was so much water in the river that we couldnt swim across it.河水水位太高了，我们游不过去。要点3should have done sth.【例题】（2010福建,32 ）Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.You_ her last week.A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told解析:句意为：“明天我就告诉玛丽有关她新工作的事情。”“你上星期就该告诉她了。”因为答句当中有last week这个表示过去的时间状语，should have done表示“过去本该做某事但却没有做”。并且也不能选ought to tell,而说ought to have told是可以的。答案:D归纳与迁移should have done表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没做”，含有责备的意味。shouldnt have done表示“过去不应该做某事，而实际上做了”，也含有责备的意味。You should have come here yesterday.你昨天应该到这里来。He shouldnt have gone without telling us.他不应该不辞而别。（2010全国，27）Mr White_ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up.A. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have been arrivedD. should be arriving解析:后句表明他没有到达。因为should have done可以表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没做”，这与题意相符。B项和D项时态不对。C项结构搭配错误。答案:A111
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