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111Unit 2 the Olympic GamesThe Third Period ( Grammarthe usage of V-ed)The analysis of teaching materials(教材分析) V-ed is one of Non-Predicate verbs, which are difficult to master for students. So this class focuses on this part to make students to understand the importance of V-ed and how to use and make sentences by using it.The analysis of students （学情分析） Most of students are poor in enlish grammar, especially Non-Predicate verbs . however, Non-Predicate verbs are very important in tests, so mastering these grammars are also necessary for us learners.Teaching goals: （教学目标）Make students become familiar with the usesage of V-ed.Teaching important and difficult points. (教学重难点) Let students understand and master the ussage of V-ed.Teaching procedures（教学流程）Step1 Revision Before having class, let students try to remenber some knowledge of to do infinitive and doing.For example. To do 不定式和doing的一些基本用法。Step 2 The usage of done1.构成谓语:a.和have一道构成完成时态或非谓语动词的完成形式：I havent been out much recently.我最近没太出门。Im sorry not to have given you enough help. 对不起没给你足够的帮助。Having read the instructions, she snatched up the fire extinguisher. 看完说明书之后，她抓起了灭火器。b.和be一道构成被动语态或非谓语动词的被动形式：The letter has been opened! 信被人拆开了。He was said to have been arrested. 据说他被捕了。2、过去分词作表语1) 过去分词作表语的时候很多（其中有很多已变成形容词）：He was amazed and enchanted at the sight. 看到这情景他感到惊异着迷。She was annoyed at your saying that. 你这样讲她很不高兴。We were so bored that we couldnt help yawning. 我们烦得要命禁不住打哈欠。They were very pleased with the girl. 他们很喜欢这姑娘。I am afraid Im slightly drunk. 可能我有一点醉了。Im obliged to you for all youve done for us. 我很感激你为我们所做的一切。The couple were devoted to each other. 这对夫妻十分恩爱。2)这种结构和被动语态是有差别的，“be+表语”结构表示一种状态，而被动语态表示一个动作，比较下面句子：be+表语结构（表示状态） 被动语态（表示动作）the shop is closed now. its usually closed at 8 oclock.The town is surrounded by hills.Soon they were surrounded by bandits.The room is deserted. She has been deserted by her husband.Please remain seated. The guests were introduced to Jane.be+表语结构都包含be或其他系动词加过去分词，而被动结构必须与其对应的主动结构在时态上一致。例如右边例句的主动结构（Her husband has deserted her.）和它们在时态上是一致的。注：有些带-ed结尾的词，并不是过去分词，而是由名词变化而来的形容词：As an artist, she is quite gifted. 作为画家，她很有天赋。(注：过去分词用作表语时，其动作意味很弱，在功能上更接近形容词，它不仅可用于系动词be之后，也可根据需要用于其他系动词之后; 被动语态中的过去分词动作意味较强，它只能与助动词be（有时可能是get）构成被动结构，不宜用于其他动词之后。)3、过去分词做定语1) 有很多过去分词可用作定语，特别是表示情绪的词：The worried look deepened upon her face. 她脸上的愁容加重了。Martins confused sorrows turned to optimism. 马丁烦乱的悲哀情绪转而变成了乐观情绪。She could hear his agitated voice. 她可以听到他激动的声音。2) 还有许多其他过去分词可用作定语。Printed matter印刷品 a written report 书面报告Guided missile导弹 armed forces 武装力量Smoke fish熏鱼 canned food 罐头食品Required courses必修课 classified document 机密文件Animated cartoons动画片 furnished rooms 有家具的房间3）还有许多由过去分词构成合成形容词：Air-conditioned rooms有空调的房间 hand-made goods 手工操作泵A well-dressed woman穿着讲究的女子 a cautiously-worded statement措辞谨慎的声明4）绝大部分过去分词都有被动的意思，有少部分过去分词却不然，而带有完成的意思：The risen sun初升的太阳 vanished jewels消失了的珠宝Returned students 归国留学生 fallen leaves 落叶A dated map 过时的地图（注：有些带-ed结尾的词，并不是过去分词，而是由名词变化而来的形容词：Skilled workers 熟练工人 salaried class 工薪阶层有些合成形容词也是由“名词+ed”构成：Good-natured天性善良one-sided片面的 Absend-minded心不在焉的 muddle-headed糊里糊涂的）5）有些现在分词短语跟在所修饰词后面，作用接近于一个定语从句：Whats the language spoken in that country? 那个国家讲的是什么语言？The play put on by the teachers was a big success. 老师们表演的戏很成功。6）间或跟在名词后的可能是一个单一的过去分词，而不是短语：They didnt allow us to make the alterations suggested. 他们不允许我们作提出的修改。The designers decided to change the materials used.设计者决定改变所用的材料。The man concerned （相关的）was her husband. 有关者即是她的丈夫。How much time is there left? 还剩下多少时间？（作定语的过去分词常指已经完成的动作，若要表示现在正在进行的动作，要用过去分词的进行形式，也就是现在分词的被动形式：We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。What do you think of the summit meeting being held in Vienna? 你对正在维也纳召开的峰会有什么看法？）Step 3 summary1.The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. （B类）A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing2._, liquids can be changed into gases. （C 类）A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat3._ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. （B类）A.Followed B. Followed byC. Being followed D. having been followed4._ a reply, he decided to write again. （A类）A.Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received5._ more attention, the trees could have grown better. （C 类）A.Given B. To giveC. Giving D. Having givenStep 4 Chalkboard design （板书设计）Grammarthe uasage of Ved过去分词的基本用法1. 构成谓语2. 过去分词作表语3. 过去分词作定语例题解释：Im sorry not to have given you enough help.We were so bored that we couldnt help yawning.Martins confused sorrows turned to optimism. Step 5 Homework1(2010北京高考)Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily. （B类）AadvertisedBto be advertised Cadvertising Dhaving advertised【解析】句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登的职位的信息。句中position与advertise之间是被动关系，因而使用过去分词，可替换为定语从句“which was advertised”。【答案】A2(2010全国高考)Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library. （C 类）Ato borrow Bto be borrowed Cborrowed Dborrowing【解析】句意：怀特老师向她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。maps和borrow为被动关系，因此空白处用过去分词作后置定语。【答案】C3(2010辽宁高考)Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles. （B类）Ato recognize Brecognizing Crecognize Drecognized 【解析】题干中含有 get sth.done 结构，表示“使某事被做”；his work 与recognize为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。【答案】D4(2010湖南高考)So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library. （B类）Adiscovered Bto be discovered Cdiscovering Dhaving discovered【解析】句意：到现在为止还没有人来认领在图书馆发现的钱。money和discover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词discovered作后置定语。【答案】A5(2010辽宁高考)We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition. （C 类）Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be found【解析】句意：看到寺院仍处于原始的状态，我们感到非常震惊。空格处为动词不定式作状语，表示原因。【答案】B6(2010山东高考)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. （A类）Alaid Blaying Cto lay Dbeing laid【解析】句意：起居室既整洁又干净，为了正要做的饭，一张餐桌已经摆好了。lay“摆放，搁”，和其逻辑主语table是动宾关系，already表明动作已经完成，表示被动和完成应使用过去分词形式。【答案】A7(2010四川高考)In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant _.（C 类）Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with【解析】在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时不定式动作和句子主语存在动宾关系。【答案】A8(2010四川高考)A great number of students _said they were forced to practise the piano. （C 类）Ato question Bto be questioned Cquestioned Dquestioning【解析】空格处缺少后置定语，逻辑主语students和question之间有被动关系，因而使用过去分词形式。【答案】C9(2010全国高考)Though _ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. （A类）Asurprising Bwas surprising Csurprised Dbeing surprised【解析】空格部分是省略句式，完整的句式为“Though he was surprised to see us，”，由此可知答案明显是C项。【答案】C10(2010重庆高考)The news shocked the public，_ to great concern about students safety at school. （B类）Ahaving led Bled Cleading Dto lead【解析】此处使用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。【答案】C111
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