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111Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroPeriod 2Important Language Points整体设计从容说课This is the second teaching period of this unit. The teacher can first check the students homework and offer chances for the students to review what they learned during the first period.The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns in the parts Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending. In order to make the students understand these important points thoroughly, we can first get the students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, later offer some exercises to make the students master their usages. Some words and expressions, such as fight, advise, accept, continue, active, lose heart, in trouble, in prison, as a matter of fact, etc. are very useful and important. So are the sentence patterns “Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble? ”. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ”“. . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. ”, and so on. We ought to pay more attention to them and design special exercises.At the end of the class, the teacher can make the students do more exercises for consolidation. In doing so, they can learn, grasp and use these important language points well.教学重点1. Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as fight, advise, accept, continue, active, lose heart, in trouble, in prison, as a matter of fact, etc.2. Get the students to master the patterns:“. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ” and “. . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. ”教学难点1. Let the students learn the usage of the word “advise”.2. Enable the students to master the usage of the pattern “. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ” and understand some difficult and long sentences.教学方法1. Discussing, summarizing and practicing2. Cooperative learning教具准备The multimedia and other normal teaching toolsKnowledge aims:1. Get the students to learn and grasp the important new words and expressions:heroqualitywillingactiverepublicfightpeacefulprison prisonerperiodlawadvisecontinuefeegoldyouthleaguestage voteposition accept violenceequallose heartin troubleworry aboutout of workYouth Leagueas a matter of factblow upput. . . in prison2. Get the students to learn the following useful sentence patterns:1)Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?2)The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.3)As a matter of fact, I was worried about whether I would be out of work.4)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.5). . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.6)The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.Ability aims:1. Enable the students to use some useful words and expressions correctly.2. Enable the students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns.Emotional aims:1. Stimulate the students interest in learning English.2. Develop the students spirit of cooperation and teamwork.教学过程设计方案（一）Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage Elias Story.Step 2 Reading and findingGet the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new words and useful expressions or collocations in the passage.Collocations:a poor black worker, South Africa, a very difficult period of ones life, open a law firm, advise sb. on. . . , three kilometers away, pay the school fees, the bus fare, get a job, a gold mine, be worried about, out of work, one of the happiest days of ones life, the ANC Youth League, as soon as one could, have almost no rights at all, grow food, in fact, break the law, with violence, as a matter of fact, blow up, put. . . in prison, be happy to do. . . , realize ones dream Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book after class.Step 3 Discovering useful words and expressionsShow the following form on the screen and allow the students several minutes to finish them.1. Look at the reading passage again to find words and expressions that mean the same.Alternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposefeel hopelesslose ones jobbrave manin facthave some difficult problemsbe taken to prisonsome timebe ready tomoney paid for going to schooltell somebody what to dogo onalways doing new thingswhat people do in wara yellow metal for making a ringagree to takego against a lawquiet and calm2. Complete the following passage with some of the words or expressions above.When Elias lost his job and was_, his wife was very unhappy. She knew this meant he was_ when all she wanted was a_ life with enough money every month. She tried to_ him not to fight the government as she thought it was better to_ that in South Africa black people were not as important as white people. But he was willing to_ the fight and help Nelson Mandela with equal rights for black people. For a_ of time she felt helpless and_, but Elias encouraged her with stories of how good life would be when white and black people and played together.Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers.Suggested answers:1.Alternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposeleaguefeel hopelesslose heartlose ones jobout of workbrave manheroin factas a matter of facthave some difficult problemsbe in troublebe taken to prisonbe put in prisonsome timeperiodbe ready towillingmoney paid for going to schoolschool feestell somebody what to doadvisego oncontinuealways doing new thingsactivewhat people do in warfighta yellow metal for making a ringgoldagree to takeacceptgo against a lawbreak the lawquiet and calmpeaceful2:out of work; in trouble; peaceful; advise; accept; continue; period; lost heartStep 4 Language Points1. quality n. something typical of a person or material质量（不可数）；品质，性质（可数）；才能（可数）Quality is more than quantity.质量比数量重要。This new model is of high quality and is not expensive either.这种新型号质量非常好, 而且也不贵。2. willing adj. ready (to do sth. )愿意帮助的；乐于的Are you willing to help?你愿意帮忙吗？Im willing to concede that I have hurt her, but thats not my real intention.我可以承认我是伤害了她, 但那并不是我的本意。3. active adj. able or ready to take action 积极的；能起作用的He is an active member of the club.他是俱乐部的积极分子。She is very active in school activities.她积极参加学校的各种活动。4. lose heart v. to become discouraged; to feel hopeless灰心；泄气；丧失信心Dont lose heart; you still have more chances.别灰心，你还有更多的机会。lose ones heart to爱上, 喜欢at heart从内心来说heart and soul全心全意break ones heart心碎put ones heart into把全部心思放在learn/know by heart记熟5. in trouble in a situation that involves danger, punishment, pain, worry, etc. 有麻烦；处于困境中The boy caused a lot of trouble to his parents; he was always in trouble.这个男孩给他的父母招来很多麻烦，他甚为苦恼。ask for/look for trouble找麻烦make trouble制造麻烦take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事get into trouble遇到麻烦have trouble (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难save/spare trouble省事Complete the following sentences.1)He never comes except when he is_ (有麻烦).2)Dont imagine that youre the only person_ (不幸).3)The boy_ (出事了)when he left home to live in London.4)Thats none of your business. Please dont_ (找麻烦)5)Students growing up from nursery school to college_ (有困难)dealing with realities.答案：1)in trouble2)in trouble3)got into trouble4)ask for/look for trouble5)have trouble6. fight vi. & vt. (fought, fought)struggle打仗；战斗；斗争He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。The boxer has fought many opponents.这名拳击手已与许多对手交锋。fight+n. 与作战/打架fight for为了而战fight against与作战/斗争fight with与作战；与并肩作战fight about/over因而争吵/打斗fight back反击，还击；克制，忍住fight a battle战斗fight a fire救火fight ones way打/挤/杀出一条路Complete the following sentences.1)They told the workers to_ their rights.2)We will have to_ difficulties.3)If the enemy comes, well_.4)We had to_ through the crowded streets.答案：1)fight for2)fight against3)fight back4)fight our way7. in prison在狱中；在坐牢He was in prison for ten years.他在狱中待了10年/他坐了十年牢。go to prison入狱put/sb. in prison把某人投入监狱send sb. to prison把某人投入监狱throw sb. into prison把某人投入监狱be taken/sent to prison被关进监狱Note：以上短语prison前不带冠词，若表示在监狱工作或去办事则需加冠词。8. advise vt. give advice to sb. ; recommend 劝告，忠告；建议The doctor advised (me to take)more exercise.医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。She advises the government on economic affairs.她向政府提出经济方面的建议。We advised that they should start early/them to start early.我们建议他们及早开始。Can you advise (me)what to do next?你看（我）下一步怎么办？advise+n. advise sb. to doadvise doing. . .advise sb. on sth.advise+wh-+to doadvise+that. . . (should)+do. . .1)We are often advised_ notes in class, but few do so.A. taking B. take C. to take D. took2)My sister advised me that I_ accept the job.A. would B. might C. could D. should3)The old man often advised the young workers on_ the machine and they learned quickly.A. to operate B. how operate C. how operating D. how to operate4)I advised_ until the right time but they wouldnt listen.A. to wait B. waiting C. waited D. on wait答案：1)C2)D3)D4)B9. continue vt. & vi. (cause sth. to)go or move further继续；延续They decided to continue their research.他们决定继续他们的研究。The fighting continued for a week.这场战斗持续了一星期。After that they continued to fight for their equal rights.从那以后，他们继续为争取平等权利而斗争。Anne continued setting down how she felt in her diary.安妮继续在日记中记下她的感受。Although he is over 90, he_ very healthy.A. goes onB. keeps onC. carries onD. continues答案：D10. accept vt. take (sth. offered)willingly接受Tom accepted a present from his friend.汤姆接受了朋友的礼物。Please accept my apologies.请接受我的歉意。receive & accept:receive表示客观上的收到，不涉及主观上接受与否；accept表示主观上愿意接受。Ive received a gift from him, but Im not going to accept it.我收到了他送的礼物，但是我不准备接受。11. choose vt. (chose, chosen)pick out or select; decide选择，挑选，选取；选定Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop.过了一会儿，她选定了店里最贵重的一件衣服。She chose to study chemistry.她选择了学化学。choose + n. 选中；选定choose from/between从选择choose sb. as/for选某人当choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物cannot choose. . . but to do. . . 只好做1)Some people say that they_ to live in the countryside.A. enjoy B. feel like C. choose D. dont2)No doubt her husband could have told her, but he didnt_.A. choose B. choose to C. choose from D. choose to do3)There are five pairs_, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosenB. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing答案：1)C2)B3)BStep 5 Sentence focus1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。句子中的when I first met Nelson Mandela是定语从句，修饰先行词the time。I shall never forget the day when we first visited the beautiful island.我永远也忘不了第一次参观那美丽小岛的日子。He came at a time when we were badly in need of help.正当我们急需帮助的时候，他来了。2. The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away. 我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校，有三千米远。句子中的where I studied only two years是定语从句，修饰先行词the school。There can be few streets in London where you cannot buy books.在伦敦几乎没有哪条街是不能买到书的。The room where my grandfather once lived is not far from here.我祖父从前住的屋子离这儿不远。3. Sadly I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried about whether I would be out of work. 遗憾的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我会不会失业。这是一个并列复合句。第一分句中的because I was not born there是原因状语从句；第二分句中的whether I would be out of work是宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。短语be worried about的意思是“为忧虑/担心/烦恼”。I have been worried about your health these days.这些天来，我一直在担心你的健康。短语out of work的意思是“失业”。What can I do if I am out of work?我如果失业了该怎么办呢？4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。这是一个比较复杂的复合句。句子的主干是The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws；stopping our rights and progress为现在分词作定语，修饰laws；until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all是时间状语从句，其中where we have almost no rights at all是定语从句，修饰a stage。当先行词是stage, situation等词时，定语从句常用where, when或in which来引导。At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones.那时候我们已到了黑人读者比白人还要多的阶段。Increasing poverty has led to a situation where the poorest openly admit that they cannot afford to have children.日益严重的贫困处境使得最为贫穷的人们只得公开承认他们养不起孩子。另外，动词see除了用来表示“看见”以外，还可表示“遇见”“会晤”“理解”“发觉”“经历”等。在本句中，它的意思是to be the time when (an event)happens; witness（某事）发生之时；目睹。This year sees the hundredth anniversary of the composers death. 今年是那位作曲家逝世一百周年。5. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people. 他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。句子中的decided by white people是过去分词短语作定语，修饰places，其语法功能相当于定语从句which were decided by white people。The book given to him is an English grammar.给他的那本书是一本英语语法书。Your letter dated September 10 has been received.你9月10日发出的信已收到。6. . . . we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么我们跟政府作斗争。句子中的in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government是定语从句，修饰position，关系代词which用作介词in的宾语。通常介词既可以置于关系代词前，也可以置于定语从句中。但是，who和that不用在介词后面。The official to whom we applied for a visa was very kind.我们向他申请护照的那位官员非常友善。He was respected by the people with whom he worked/He was respected by the people (whom/that/who)he worked with.他受到与他一起工作的人的尊重。7. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed. . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律；而当这种方式也得不到允许时，只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。句子中的in a way which was peaceful 相当于in a peaceful way，which was peaceful是定语从句；only then did we decide to answer violence with violence是倒装结构。当only修饰副词或其他状语置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。Only after the lesson did she discover that she had lost her handbag.下了课她才发现自己丢了手提包。Only recently have I thought of them.直到最近我才想起他们。Only when the war was over was he able to return home. 只有战争结束，他才能回家。虽然only置于句首但所修饰的成分不是状语时，句子就不用倒装。Only some of the children seemed to have understood it.好像只有一部分孩子明白（这个道理）。Only then_how much damage had been caused.A. had she realizedB. she realizedC. did she realizeD. she had realized答案：C8. As a matter of fact, I do not like violence. . . but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.事实上，我并不喜欢暴力，但是在1963年的时候我帮他炸毁了一些政府大楼。句子中的短语as a matter of fact相当于in fact，意思是“事实上；实际上”，一般用作插入语；blow up意思是“爆炸；炸毁”。They often say they are too busy, but as a matter of a fact, they have enough free time. 他们常说太忙，而事实上，他们有足够的时间。The bomb blew up. 炸弹爆炸了。They blew up the old bridge and then built a new one across the river.他们炸毁了那座旧桥，然后在河上建了座新桥。Step 6 WorkbookDo the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 70.Step 7 ConsolidationShow the exercises on the screen or give out exercise papers.1. Translate the following phrases.1)愿意做某事2)在某方面活跃3)灰心；泄气4)担心；着急5)失业6)事实上7)炸毁；爆炸8)把某人关进监狱2. Translate the following sentences.1)我们将与村民们一起与污染作斗争。2)爸爸建议我多读英语报纸。3)别泄气，你会成功的。4)我们应尽力阻止这种事再次发生。5)我第一次听这首歌就喜欢上了。6)只有那时，他才意识到自己错了。7)她昨天没来上学的原因是她病了。8)我永远不会忘记我见到曼德拉的那天。First get the students to do the exercises. Then the answers are given. The teacher can give them explanations where necessary.Suggested answers:1. 1)be willing to do. . . 2)be active in3)lose heart4)be worried about5)out of work6)as a matter of fact/in fact7)blow up8)put sb. in prison/throw sb. into prison/send sb. to prison2. 1)We will fight with the villagers against pollution.2)Father advised me to read more English newspapers.3)Dont lose heart, and you will succeed in time.4)We should try to stop such a thing (from)happening again.5)The first time I heard the song, I liked it.6)Only then did he realize that he was wrong.7)The reason for which/why he didnt come to school is that he was ill.8)I will never forget the day when I saw Mandela.Step 8 Homework1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book.2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.设计方案（二）Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Ask some students to retell the reading passage Elias Story.Step 2 Reading and findingGet the students to read the reading passage again to underline all the new words and useful expressions in the passage.Step 3 Discovering useful words and expressionsDo the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions on Pages 27-28.Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers.Step 4 Language PointsExplain to the students some important new words and useful expressions and do some related exercises.Step 5 Sentence focusExplain to the students some difficult long sentences and the important language points in them.Step 6 WorkbookDo the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 70.Step 7 ConsolidationDo some consolidation exercises.Step 8 Homework1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 2 in the exercise book.2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.板书设计Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroImportant Language PointsAlternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textgroup of people organized for a special purposeleaguefeel hopelesslose heartlose ones jobout of workbrave manheroin factas a matter of facthave some difficult problemsbe in troublebe taken to prisonbe put in prisonsome timeperiodbe ready towillingmoney paid for going to schoolschool feestell somebody what to doadvisego oncontinuealways doing new thingsactivewhat people do in warfighta yellow metal for making a ringgoldagree to takeacceptgo against a lawbreak the lawquiet and calmpeaceful活动与探究 Work in groups. Make a research into the racial discrimination in South Africa. First, search for as much information as you can from the library or the Internet. Second, write out your research report and share with your partners.111
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