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1112014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World阅读理解5第组A“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile,I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.“Have a nice day.Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out of the door.The words come out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure.They are spoken at me,not to me. Obviously,the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business.The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other.Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end.Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say.“Oh,you just had a tooth out?Im terribly sorry,but have a nice day.”The expression can be pleasant.If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you,you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is an insincere,meaningless social custom at times,there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.The salesgirl,the waitress,the teacher,and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day.But in a strange and comfortable way,its nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really dont care all that much.While the expression may not often be sincere,it is always spoken.The point is that people say it all the time when they like.1.How does the author understand Maxies words?A.Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B.Maxie really wishes the author a good day.C.Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.D.Maxie really worries about the authors security.2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A.The salesgirl is rude.B.The salesgirl is bored.C.The salesgirl cares about me.D.The salesgirl says the words as a routine.3.By saying “Have a nice day”, a stranger may .A.try to be polite to youB.express respect to youC.give his blessing to youD.share his pleasure with you4.According to the last paragraph,people say “Have a nice day” .A.sincerelyB.as thanksC.as a habitD.encouragingly5.What is the best title of the passage?A.Have a Nice Daya Social CustomB.Have a Nice Daya Pleasant GestureC.Have a Nice Daya Heart-warming GreetingD.Have a Nice Daya Polite Ending of a Conversation【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。对人们打招呼常用的Have a nice day这一习语进行叙述和说明。在不同的语境、不同的场合下，从不同人的口中说出，Have a nice day所表达的内涵是不同的，但这个习语已经成了一种社会习俗。1.B 细节理解题。由第一段中“.I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.”以及“wishes me well”可知，“我”的朋友Maxie是真的关心“我”，希望“我”一切顺利，而不是仅仅担心“我”的安全问题等。2.D 细节理解题。售货员口中说出的“Have a nice day”，只是催促“我”带着我买的东西快出超市门口，因此她说的这句话只是一种例行程序，而不是真正地对“我”关心。3.A 细节理解题。由第四段中“.because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.”可知是stranger 向你表示善意，因此就是“try to be polite （有礼貌的，礼节性的） to you”。而陌生人之间谈不上“respect”，排除B项。 4.C 细节理解题。由“it is always spoken”和“people say it all the time”可知，人们说“Have a nice day”是一种习惯了。5.C 主旨大意题。本题问的是本篇文章的最佳题目是什么。Have a nice day.从形式上看，它是一个expression；从内容上看，它是一个“问候语”。说它heart-warming，是因为这个问候语本身表达了让人温馨的祝愿。尽管它也用于一些其他特定的场合，表示特定的意义，但它的本质还是一个greeting，不可能是一种custom （社会习俗）。因为custom是一个民族长期形成的风俗习惯，是一种文化，具有丰富的外延。此题容易根据最后一段的“Although the use of the expression is an insincere,meaningless social custom at times.”证明它是custom，这属于偷换概念，因为the use of the expression不等于the expression本身。BEnglish is a language spoken all around the world.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom，the United States of America，Canada，Australia，South Africa，Ireland and New Zealand.In total，for more than 376 million people English is their mother tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a second language.These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family，but the language of the government，schools，newspapers and TV is English.This situation is found in countries such as India，Pakistan，Nigeria and the Philippines.However，the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.Most people learn English for five or six years at high school.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or second language.In only fifty years，English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.English is the working language of most international organisations，international trade and tourism.Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.Chinese businessmen，taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.English is also the language of global culture，such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.6.How many people learn English as a second language? A.More than 37,500,000.B.More than 376,000,000.C.More than 750,000,000.D.More than 75,000,000.7.Most international organisations use as their working language.A.EnglishB.ItalianC.LatinD.Japanese8.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A.There are more than 42 countries where English is spoken.B.More than 750 million people speak English as their mother tongue.C.English is the language of global culture.D.English is the language widely used and spoken in the world.9.It can be inferred from the passage that .A.English will be the only language to be used in the worldB.Englishmen might find it unnecessary for them to learn other languagesC.the number of learners of English will become smallerD.Chinese will play a more important part than English【语篇解读】本文主要介绍英语在全世界得到广泛应用。6.B 推理判断题。由第一段中的“.for more than 376 million people English is their mother tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a second language.”可推知，把英语作为第二语言学习的人数也是more than 376,000,000。7.A 细节理解题。由第三段第二句可以得知，多数国际组织把英语作为工作语言。8.D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述英语在当今世界应用之广。9.B 推理判断题。由短文最后一段可知，那些来中国的商人和游客没必要会说汉语，只需要说英语即可。此外，每天用英语交流的人非常多。由此推出，随着世界各地学英语的人数的增加，英国人可能发觉自己没有必要学习其他语言了。CWho taught you to speak English? Your parents，while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up.Whoever it was，somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language，and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue.There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.Is this a good thing，or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate，using a common language，across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of “mono-culturalism”， a world in which we all speak the same language，eat the same food and listen to the same music?Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary (相反)，I would have thought although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better，there would be fewer wars.Ask the people of India (where many of them speak at least some English) and Pakistan (the same situation with India).If we all speak English，will we then all start eating McDonalds burgers? Surely not.If English becomes more dominant (占主导地位的)，it will kill other languages? I doubt it.When I travel in Africa or Asia，I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages，as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago，we received a wonderfully poetic e-mail from a listener in Ireland.“The English language is a beautiful language.Maybe its like a rose，”he said，“but who would ever want their garden just full of roses？”Well，I love roses，and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden.But the way I see it，just by planting a few roses，you dont necessarily need to pull out everything else.If more and more people want to plant English roses，thats fine by me.10.According to the passage，how many people in the world are speaking English as their first language now?A.About 376 million.B.About 752 million.C.80% of the world people.D.One billion people.11.By saying “Ask the people of India.and Pakistan.” in the fourth paragraph，the author is trying to show that .A.speaking the same language doesnt necessarily bring peaceB.wars can destroy the relationship between two countriesC.English doesnt kill other languagesD.English is widely used in the world12.What does “garden” in the last two paragraphs stand for?A.Language.B.Family.C.The world.D.The Earth.13.The author would probably agree that .A.its very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a gardenB.its good for people from other countries to learn EnglishC.more and more people like to plant roses in their gardensD.English is easier to learn than other languages【语篇解读】本文介绍越来越多的人讲英语，并且数量还在增加，这是好事还是坏事？10.A 细节理解题。本文第二段讲述了英语的使用情况。第二段第一句中提到，把英语作为第一语言的人数大约是376 000 000。11.A 观点态度题。本句承接上文“.although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better，there would be fewer wars.”而来，作者以印度和巴基斯坦为例说明彼此间的了解并不能减少战争。12.C 词义猜测题。在最后两段作者提出没有人会让他们的花园仅仅种植玫瑰，他想表达的意思是世界上不能所有国家都使用同一种语言，在这里玫瑰代表“英语”，因此garden代表“世界”。13.B 推理判断题。在最后一段第一句和最后一句中，作者用花来比喻语言，由此我们看出，作者认为别的国家的人学英语(to plant English roses)是好的。DEvery day，340 million people speak it.One billion people are learning it and it is said that by 2050，half of the worlds population will be using it.What are we talking about? That global languageEnglish.The English language started in Britain in the 5th century.It is a mixed language.It was built up when German，Scandinavian and French invaders settled in England and created a common language for communication.Today it is the official language of the UK，the USA，Australia，New Zealand，Canada，South Africa and Ireland as well as many islands in the Caribbean.Many other countries and regions use it for politics and business，such as India，Pakistan，and Nigeria.English is also one of the official languages of Hong Kong.But global advertising and pop music mean that in most countries，you will see or hear some English.Thanks to McDonalds，we all know about“hamburgers”，“fries” and “milkshakes”.Songs by Madonna，Britney Spears and Celine Dion are in English.We can sing along，even if we do not understand what we are singing!English is a messy (杂乱的) language.Every year，dictionaries include new words that talk about popular culture，for example，computer-related words such as “blogging”，“download” and “chatroom”.Also included are words that teenagers use.Who does not know “cool”，“OK”and “hello”？Other languages also influence English.Many English words come from French.Words like “caf” and expressions like “cest la vie” (that is life) are all part of the English language.On the other hand，the French language includes English words like “le weekend” and “le camping”.German words are also part of English.Words like“kindergarten” come from the German language.Recently，British people have become interested in “yoga”.But the word comes from an ancient Hindu language in India.14.The English language has a history of .A.over 2,000 yearsB.over 500 yearsC.over 1,500 yearsD.over 1,000 years15.The underlined expression “Thanks to” can be replaced by “ ”.A.Because ofB.Thankful toC.Not untilD.As if16.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the language of English?A.It has been changing all the time.B.It has borrowed words from all the other languages.C.French words are used by the English because dictionaries have French words.D.Singers and film stars have the greatest influence on language.【语篇解读】本文讲述英语是一门国际语言，是许多国家的官方语言，但是也受许多其他语言的影响。14.C 细节理解题。由第二段的“The English language started in Britain in the 5th century.”可知。15.A 词义猜测题。thanks to意为“由于”。16.A 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知。EThe number of speakers of English in Shakespeares time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology，and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce，industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West.17.What would be the best title for this passage?A.The difficulties of learning English B.International communicationsC.The standard varieties of English D.English as a world language18.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.B.There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.D.People learn English for a variety of reasons.19.According to the passage，what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?A.It was popular during Shakespeares time.B.It is used in former British colonies.C.It serves the needs of its native speakers.D.It is a world language that is used for international communication.20.What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?A.The ability to read a newspaper.B.It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.C.Being multilingual.D.Being a native speaker.【语篇解读】本文介绍了英语的发展变化，说明了会说英语的人的数量是难以估测的，人们学说英语的原因也是多种多样的，以及英语作为一种世界语言在当代社会中的重要性。17.D 主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句及全文的内容可推知答案为D。18.A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句及第二段第一句的描述可推知答案为A。19.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述，英语在世界不同领域、不同地区的使用，可推知答案为D。20.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知答案为B。 111
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