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111Unit 1 Festivals around the world Grammar1.教材分析（Analysis of teaching material）This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: Modal verbs such as may ,might ,will,would,can ,could,shall,should and must are used for many purposes.compared and discover the uses of each modal verb by giving a lot of example to master the related modal verbs.Finally ,summarize the use of can ,could ,may ,might ,will ,would ,shall,should ,must,cant.2.学情分析（Analysis of the students）Ss will most probably be confused when learning this grammar. Because they even cannot get clear the first kind of Modal verbs. But they must learn it well.3.教学目标(Teaching aims)知识目标(Knowledge aims)get Ss to know the characters of modal verbs.Let Ss learn the use of may ,might ,will,would,can ,could,shall,should and must,cant能力目标(Ability aims)Enable the Ss to use Modal verbs correctly and properly情感目标（Emotional aimsGet the Ss to become interested in grammar learningDevelop the Ss sense of group cooperation.4.教学重点和难点（Teaching important points and difficult points）Teaching important points:Get the Ss to master the usage of might ,will,would,can ,could,shall,should , must and cant.Teaching difficult points:Enable the Ss to learn theses modal verbs.5.教学过程(Teaching procedures)Step 1 RevisionCheck the homeworkRecite the rule of modal verbs.Step 1 Grammar1） need和dare的用法 need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。 1.用作情态动词 -NeedIcome?-Yes,youmust.-我需要来吗？-需要。 Youneednttelephonehimnow.你现在不必打电话给他。 Idontthinkyouneedworry.我想你不必发愁。 Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight.她晚上不敢一个人出去。 HowdareyousayImunfair?你竟敢说我不公平？ Notoneofthemdaredmentionthis.他们谁也不敢提这件事。 2.用作实义动词 Youdontneedtodoityourself.你不必亲自做这件事。 Weneedtotellthemthenews.我们需要把这消息告诉他们。 Thetableneedspainting(tobepainted.).桌子需要油漆一下。 Weshoulddaretogiveourownopinion.我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 Hedidnotdare(to)lookup.他不敢抬头看。 Idaredayhellcomeagain.我想他会再来的。（Idaresay为固定习语） （二）情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法 1.情态动词后跟完成式，表“应当已经”，“想必已经”，“本来可以”等意。 Ishouldhavefinishedtheworkearlier.我应当早一点完成这项工作的。 Heisnthere.Hemusthavemissedthetrain.他还未到，一定是没赶上火车。 Wherecan(could)hehavegone?他能到那里去了呢？ Youmay(might)havereadaboutit.你可能在报上已经读到这件事了。 Youcould(might)havebeenmorecareful.你本来可以更细心的。 Heneednthaveworriedaboutit.他本不必为此事担心。 Therewasalotoffunatyesterdaysparty.Yououghttohavecome,butwhydidntyou? 昨天的聚会非常有意思。你本应该来，为何不来呢？ 2.情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在”，“可能正在”，“应当正在”等意。 Itstwelveoclock.Theymustbehavinglunch.现在是十二点。他们一定正在吃饭。 Theymaybediscussingthisproblem.他们可能正在论讨这个问题。 Hecantbetellingthetruth.他说的不可能是真话。 Sheshouldntbeworkinglikethat.Shesstillsoweak.她不应当那样干，她身体仍那么虚。 （三）几组词的辨异 1.can和beableto 1）情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而beableto有多种时态形式。 Marycanplaythepiano.Shehasbeenabletoplayitsinceshewas5. 玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。 2）用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而waswereableto则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。 HecouldswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.Buthedidntfeellikeitthatday. 他能游过英吉利海峡，但那天他不想游。 YesterdayIwasabletogethomebeforetheheavyrain.昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。 2.must和haveto must表示主观意志，而haveto表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间，在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用hadto代替。 Itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking.我叫她必须戒烟。 Wehadtogeteverythingreadythatnight.我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。 3.would和usedto 1）usedto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同，而would只表过去的情况。 Peopleusedtothinkthattheearthwasflat. 过去人们认为地球是平的。（现在人们不这么认为。） Shewouldgooutforawalkinthemorningwhenshewasinthecountry. 在乡下时，她总是在早晨去散会儿步。（可能现在仍有散步的习惯。） 2）usedto可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况，而would只表示过去的习惯动作。 Heusedtowouldsmokewhilewriting.过去他写东西时常抽烟。 Sheusedtobefat.她过去很胖 Step 3 Practice判断正确和错误How dare you say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned.The room need cleaning6.板书设计（Blackboard Design）1） need和dare的用法 need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。 （二）情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法 1.情态动词后跟完成式，表“应当已经”，“想必已经”，“本来可以”等意。 2.情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在”，“可能正在”，“应当正在”等意。 1.can和beableto 1）情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而beableto有多种时态形式。 2）用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而waswereableto则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。2. must和haveto must表示主观意志，而haveto表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间，在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用hadto代替。3. would和usedto 1）usedto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同，而would只表过去的情况。4. 2）usedto可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况，而would只表示过去的习惯动作。7.问题研讨(Problem study):课堂提问判断正确和错误How dare you say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned.The room need cleaning作业A类作业1. I promised to get there before 5 oclock, but now the rain is pouring down. They _ for me impatiently. A. may waitB. ought to waitC. could waitD. must be waiting2. She was very brave. Even though shed hurt her leg, she _ go back alone A. couldB. mightC. have toD. was able to3. Ive tried several times, but the car just _. A. doesnt startB. wouldnt startC. wont startD. didnt start4. Always the old lady _ sit for hours doing nothing at all. A. was used toB. wouldC. used to D. should5. There used to be a small school, _ ? A. was there B. wasnt it C. usednt thereD. usednt it6. Havent I told you that you _ have the answer tomorrow morning? A. willB. shallC. shouldD. would7. Im surprised that he _ in the match. A. should failB. should have failedC. would have failedD. may have failed8. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will9. There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. It _ a comfortable journey. A. cantB. shouldnt beC. must have beenD couldnt have been10. To be on the safe side, we should fill up the tank now, because we _ run out of gas on the way. A. canB. wouldC. mightD. shouldB类作业We need a person badly to think up such an idea. _ the new comer have a try? A. ShallB. MayC. ShouldD. Need12.How about paying a visit to Mr. Richardson, our former history teacher? Good idea. I will e-mail him today so he _ know _ to expect us. A. shall; whyB. may; whenC. would; whyD. will; how13.I went to work on foot yesterday, though it _ cats and dogs. You _ by bus. It was likely to get a cold. A. is raining; must have goneB. rained; would go C. was raining; should have goneD. have rained; could have gone14. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _ during the day. A. should have doneB. would have done C. may have doneD. must have done15.Is there any flight to Tokyo today? I think there _, for the weather is too bad. A. mustnt B. mightnt beC. neednt beD. cant be16I didnt know you were good friends. You _. I have known her since she moved here. You were studying abroad then.A. may haveB. neednt haveC. couldnt haveD. must have17. They must have finished the work by the end of last month, _? A. mustnt theyB. havent theyC. hadnt theyD. didnt they18. They must have finished the work, _? A. mustnt theyB. havent theyC. hadnt theyD. didnt they19.Is there a fog in the evening? There _ be. Ill make a phone call to find it out. A. mustB. wouldC. willD. might20.The door was open. It _ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket. A. can not beB. must not beC. can not have beenD. must not have beenC类作业Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf. My goodness! You _ yourself. You _ do that next time. A. must have hurt; mustntB. should have hurt; cant C. may have hurt; mustntD. might have hurt; wont be able to22.Shall I go and buy more food and drinks for the party? No, we have prepared a fridge of those. That _ be quite enough. A. canB. mayC. mightD. ought to23. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the street comer after work every day. A. would B. shouldC. had betterD. might24.I hear you have written a novel.Yes, the book _ be out in a month or so. A. canB. dareC. shouldD. need25. Mike _ come to see me I dont want to go out in case he comes. A. canB. mustC. mayD. will26. Its said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There _ be any difficult for you to find somewhere to stay. A. wouldnt B. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt27. Would you be here to attend the English party this evening? Yes, we _ . A. shallB. wouldC. willD. must28. I lived with my sister this summer and didnt have to pay rent. So I _ save most of my salary. A. couldB. wouldC. was able to D. should29.Mary didnt turn up last time, did she? No. She _ . We had changed our plan. A. shouldnt have comeB. neednt have to come C. didnt need to comeD. neednt have come30. I _ pay Tom a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. A. should B. mightC. wouldD. could31.Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you _ know her name is Mabel. A. may B. canC. mustD. shall32. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have leftD. neednt leave111
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