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111Unit 4Making the news教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._adj.快乐的；欣喜的_vt.使高兴；使欣喜_adj.(事物)令人高兴的；使人快乐的2_vt.帮助；协助；援助_n援助；帮助_adj.辅助的；助理的n.助手；助理；售货员3_vt.递交；呈递(文件等)_n屈服；服从递交；提交_adj.服从的；顺从的；谦恭的4_vt.集中；聚集_adj.极度的；紧张的；加强的_n集中；专心5_vt.获得；取得；学到_adj.已获得的；已成习惯的_adj.可得到的；可获得的_n获得；获得物6_vt.评估；评定_adj.可估价的；可估计的_n估价；评价7_vt.告知；通知_adj.有知识的；见闻广的_n消息；报道8_adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的_n有罪；内疚_adj.无罪的；无辜的9_n需求；要求vt.强烈要求_adj.要求很高的；费力的10_vt.出版；发行；发表；公布_n出版；发表；公布11_adj.有天赋的_n天赋；礼物；赠品12_n罪行；犯罪_adj.犯罪的；刑事上的_n罪犯；犯人13_vt.赞成；认可；批准_n赞成；批准；认可_vt.不批准；不赞成14_vt.加工；处理n.过程；程序；步骤_n行列；队伍15_n约会；任命_vt.任命；委派；指定短语回顾1._on集中；全神贯注于2accuse._ 因指责或控告3ahead_ 在前面4depend_ 依靠；依赖5be/get absorbed_ 注意，全神贯注于6_an appointment 约会，预约7have a good_for 对有敏感的“嗅觉”8keep sth.in_ 记住9be_to 应当10_against 防卫以免于句型背诵1.Now discuss in pairs how you _ feel if you were offered a job on a famous newspaper.分组讨论如果你在一家有名的报社或公司工作你的感受会如何？2_ _Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周阳永远不会忘记他在一份受欢迎的英语报社工作时分配到的第一项任务。3_ _ _ _interested in photography，but I.我不仅对摄影感兴趣，而且我4_ if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.你只有提出许多不同的问题之后才有可能获得你需要知道的信息。5So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man_ _bribe him.因此我们安排对足球队员和被认为是向他行贿的人进行了采访。自我诊断单词拓展1delighted；delight；delightful2.assist；assistance；assistant3submit；submission；submissive4.concentrate；concentrated；concentration5.acquire；acquired；acquirable；acquisition6assess；assessable；assessment7.inform；informed；information8.guilty；guilt；guiltless9.demand；demanding10publish；publishment11.gifted；gift12.crime；criminal; criminal13.approve；approval；disapprove14.process；procession15.appointment；appoint短语回顾1concentrate2.of3.of4.on5.in6.make7.nose8.mind9.supposed10.defend句型背诵1would2.Never will3.Not only am I4.Only5supposed to考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告accuse sb. of sth.因指责/控告be accused of (doing) sth. 因受指责/控告He was accused of theft.他被指控犯偷盗罪。I dont think anyone can accuse him of not being frank.我看谁也不能说他不坦率。易混辨析accuse与charge两个词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。accuse vt.指控；控诉，与介词of连用。charge vt.可以指因为小错而受到责备，也可指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。Are you accusing me of lying?你是在指责我撒谎吗？The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。即境活用单项填空Cooperman and Taylor are _ of selling $4700 worth of heroin to a number of drug users.Aaccused BattachedCaccustomed Dcharged答案：A2case n情况；病例；案例in any case无论如何，总之just in case以防(万一)in case of万一，如果发生in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装)in that case 如果那样的话；在那种情况下in the case of就来说；关于as is often the case这是常有的事In some cases, it is necessary to operate.有些情况下，动手术是必要的。In case of fire, break the glass.如果发生火灾，请砸碎玻璃。In no case should you give up.你决不能放弃。Keep the windows closed in case it rains.让窗子关着，以防下雨。即境活用单项填空I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait.Ain caseBso thatCin order Das ifHe will surely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.Ain that Bin caseCas long as Das far as答案：AC3concentrate vt. & vi.专心于；注意；集中，聚焦concentrate sth. on sth./doing sth.专心致志于某事/做某事concentrate ones attention on致力于；把注意力集中在concentrate on sth.集中时间做某事；全神贯注于The general decided to concentrate his forces near the capital.这位将军决定把他的部队集中在首都附近。We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。She couldnt concentrate on the film.她无法全神贯注地看这部电影。用法拓展put ones heart into集中注意力于fix ones mind on集中精力于pay attention to专心；注意focus on集中于；聚焦于be absorbed in集中精力于be lost in集中精力于He put his whole heart into thinking up ways to improve his work.他把整个心思都用来想办法改进工作。The trouble is that I cant fix my mind on what Im doing.麻烦的是我对于我做的事集中不了注意力。You have to pay attention to the above questions.你必须注意以上问题。They must focus on the quality of the products.他们必须注重产品的质量。He seemed totally absorbed in the book.他好像完全被这本书迷住了。即境活用单项填空I cant _ my studies with all that noise going on.Adevote to Bconcentrate on Cknock down Dapply to答案：B4demand n要求，需要；vt.强烈要求demand sth.要求某物demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物demand to do要求干demand that.要求(从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可省略)There have been demands for the prime minister to resign.已有许多人要求首相辞职。After school Tom demanded help from/of me.放学后，汤姆要求我帮助。She demanded that I (should) tell everything to her about it.她要求我把知道的整件事情都告诉她。即境活用单项填空My teacher demanded _ here in time.Aus to getBthat we arrivedCthat we arriveDthat we had reached答案：C5inform v通知，告知(某人)(1)inform sb. about/of sth. 通知某人某事(2)inform sb. that通知某人(3)inform on sb.告发/检举/举报某人(4)informal adj.轻松友好的，不拘礼节的(5)gather/collect information收集资料The bank never informed us of how the money was being invested.银行从未告知我们那笔资金投资做什么了。Then the doctors informed the family that there was no hope for his recovery.然后医生通知家属他康复无望。Robard is now informing on others, hoping to reduce his jail sentence.罗巴德现在告发他人希望判刑。You can find more information on the Civil War at the library.你可以到图书馆找到有关内战的更多资料。即境活用单项填空I try to make him understand that Im not interested in him, but he never gets the _.AinformationBnewsCmessage DwordDont just wait _. You should try to seek for information you need.Ato inform Bto be informedCfor informing Dfor being informed答案：AB6meanwhile n其间adv.其间；同时In the meanwhile Ill visit an old friend of mine.在这其间我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。Meanwhile the minutes kept ticking away.此时，时间一分一分地过去。Eve was cutting the grass, and meanwhile Adam was planting roses.夏娃在剪草，同时亚当在种玫瑰。归纳延伸meanwhileat the same timemeantime同时in the meanwhile在此期间即境活用翻译句子Jane在写信，而在此同时Pat在看电视。(meanwhile)_同时，我还要去上海几日。(in the meanwhile)_答案：Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile Pat was watching TV.In the meanwhile, Ill go for a few days to Shanghai.7employ vt.雇用；用；使用；采用；聘用This motor plant is employing three thousand workers.这家汽车工厂雇用着三千名员工。We employ different technical tools.我们使用不同的技术工具。How do you employ your spare time?你是怎样利用你的空余时间的？归纳延伸employ sb. as雇用某人为employ sb. to do雇用某人去做某事employ oneself in doing/be employed in doing花时间做某事，忙于employee n职工，雇员，店员employer n雇主，老板employment n雇用，使用，利用，工作，职业即境活用完成句子The firm _(聘这位退休的教授担任)an adviser.Amy employed _ (花了大量时间和精力)the hobby.She employs _(把闲暇时间花在)sewing.答案：employs the retired professor asmuch time and energy toher free time in8appointment n约会；指定；任命；委派；委任的职位I made an appointment to see the doctor.我约定好时间去看医生。I accepted the appointment as chairman.我同意担任主席一职。The appointment of a new judge was reported in the newspaper.报上报道了任命一位新法官的消息。归纳延伸make an appointment with sb.与某人约定have an appointment to do sth.约定做某事keep an appointment 守约by appointment按约定vappoint约定，指定(时间，地点)，任命，委任appoint sb. as sth.委任某人为appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人去做即境活用单项填空Im just calling to confirm your _ tomorrow at 300 pm.AattentionBarrangementCattraction DappointmentWe must _ a new teacher at once to the mountain school.Aappoint BapproachCapprove Dacquaint答案：DA9accurate adj.精确的；正确的His description was accurate.他的叙述很正确。Journalists are not always accurate(in what they write)新闻工作者(的报道)并非一贯准确。易混辨析accurate, correct和exact(1)accurate的意思是“准确的，精确的”。它不仅表示没有错误，而且表示细心谨慎地做到符合标准，符合事实，无出入。(2)correct的意思是“正确的”，指按照一定的标准或规则没有错误。在这三个词中，它的语意最弱。(3)exact的意思是“精确的，确切的”，强调完全符合标准，符合事实或真相，丝毫没有差错。在这三个词中，它的语意最强。Is this watch accurate?这块表走的准吗？His answer is correct.他的回答是正确的。His translation is exact to the letter.他对那封信的翻译很确切。即境活用单项填空I cant tell you the _ date, but it should be around Oct. 17, 2008.AaccurateBcorrectCexact Dright答案：D10approve vt.赞成；称许；批准He doesnt approve its policies.他并不赞同它的政策。Congress approved the budget.国会批准这项预算。The resolution was approved 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.决议以六十八票对十票通过，二十八票弃权。用法拓展(1)approve of (doing)sth.赞成(做)某事(2)be approved被批准(3)approve oneself证明自己是(4)approval nU同意，批准；赞许(5)general approval一致通过(6)with ones approval赢得某人的赞同(7)have sb.s approval得到某人的赞同(8)with (without) approval of经(未经)的批准(9)approving adj.赞许的；认可的(10)approvingly adv.赞成地I quite approve of your plan.我完全赞同你的计划。Dont expect him to approve of your design right away.不要指望他会马上批准你的设计。I cant agree to anything without my parents approval.没有父母的认可我什么也不答应。即境活用单项填空Mr Forster has approved _ the conference.Aof my attendingBfor my attendingCof me to attend Dme to attendAs far as I know, this information doesnt _ what was announced at the meeting.Aapprove of Bfit in withCconcentrate on Ddrop out of答案：AB11acquire vt.获得；学到How did he acquire his wealth?他的财富是怎样得来的？She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.她在没有老师指导的情况下，掌握了英语语法，并学到了大量词汇。I have recently acquired a taste for chocolate.我最近开始喜欢吃巧克力了。用法拓展acquire sth.获得/学到某事acquire a taste for开始喜欢上acquisition n取得，获得，习得；获得物易混辨析acquire，get，gain，obtain，earn，achieve与win它们作“得到”意思时的区别acquire v多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。get v普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。如：Did they get any compensation when they were dismissed from their job?他们被解雇时有没有得到赔偿费？gain v侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。如：An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而获利。obtain v着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西，用于正式文体中。如：He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。earn v挣得，赢得，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。如：How much do you earn a week?你一星期挣多少钱？achieve v得到，获得，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。如：The movie star achieved success and wealth.这个影星取得了成功和财富。win v主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。如：Who won the race?I won but David came second.谁在赛跑中获胜了？我获胜了，不过大卫跑第二。即境活用翻译句子她通过认真学习精通了英语。(acquire)_我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。(acquire)_答案：She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.12eager adj.渴望的；热切的The boy was eager for success.那个男孩渴望获得成功。用法拓展be eager for/about/after sth.渴望得到be eager to do sth.渴望(热切)干某事eagerly adv.殷切地；渴望地eagerness n渴望；热心近义词及相关短语有：anxious焦急的；不安的；急切的be anxious for sth.急切的想得到某事物long for渴望be greedy for渴望look forward to期盼某物enthusiastic热情的；热心的keen热心的；渴望的The boy is anxious for the toy.那孩子急切想得到那个玩具。He is keen to see his daughter.他急于见到他的女儿。We are eager that the project should be started early.我们热切盼望这个项目被马上实施。易混辨析anxious和eagereager表示浓厚的兴趣和迫不及待的期望；侧重于急于成功的迫切心情或进取的热情。anxious强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切、着急或担心的心情。He is eager for his parents to meet his girlfriend.他盼望他的父母去见他的女朋友。There is no reason to be anxious about the result.不必为这结果而担心。People all over the world were anxious to have peace.全世界人民都渴望和平。即境活用单项填空The manager is_that the project should be started early.AeagerBanxiousCworried DbusyThe students studied hard.They were_for knowledge.Aworry BworriedCeager Dcurious答案：AC重点短语1.so as to 为了，引导目的状语，后跟动词原形易混辨析in order to, so as to, in order that, so that：它们都表示“为了”。in order to, so as to可引导目的状语，后跟动词原形。但是in order to可放在句首，so as to不可。in order thatso that引导目的状语从句。在so that和in order that从句中，一般会用到may, might, can, could, will, would等。so.as to只能表示结果，否定结构用so.as not to。I finish work today in order to/so as to play football tomorrow.我今天完成工作是为了明天踢足球。He got up early so that he could reach there on time.他早起床是为了能及时赶到那儿。I cleaned the room today in order that it might make her happy.我今天打扫了房间是为了让她高兴。She was so angry as to be unable to speak.她气得连话都说不出来了。特别提醒只有两个动作的主语一致时，才能用in order to和so as to来连接，否则要用in order that或so that。即境活用单项填空All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas.Ain order to have receivedBin order to receiveCso as to be receivedDso as to be receiving答案：C2accuse.of因指责或控告The police accused him of murder.警方指控他谋杀。The police accused him of stealing.警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。归纳延伸accuse sb. ofcharge sb. with sth.控告/指责某人某事类似的结构：cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物cure sb. of sth.治好某人的，改掉某人的inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某物rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人的某东西warn sb. of sth.警告某人有某情况即境活用单项填空He said he would never forget that I had _ him of cheating.AcomplainedBinformedCwarned Daccused答案：D3depend on依靠；依赖The students could win different prizes in the competition，depending on their performances.在比赛中，学生们可能会获得不同的奖品，这取决于他们的表现。The children will be divided into three groups to play games depending on their age.根据孩子们的年龄，他们将分成三个小组玩游戏。用法拓展短语depend on主要意思有：取决于；依赖，依靠；信任习惯用法：That(all)depends.It(all)depends.视情况而定。Depend on it.相信吧，请相信。His family depends on him.他的一家人全靠他养活。We depend on you to finish the work by Friday.我们相信你在星期五之前能完成这项工作。用法拓展depend onrely on依靠；依赖rely on ones own efforts依靠自己的努力rely on/upon sb./sth.(to do sth.)指望或依赖某人(做某事)rely on/upon sb.s doing sth.指望或依赖某人做某事rely on it that.相信或依赖You may rely on me.你可以信赖我。You can rely on me to keep your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。I rely on her paying back the money.I rely on her to pay back the money.我指望她来还钱。You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.你可以相信他会来看你的。Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers to help us.现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。即境活用单项填空Inflation(通货膨胀)goes up and down_the state of the economy.Adepends on Bdepend onCdepended on Ddepending onHow long are you staying?I dont know._.AThats OK BNever mindCIt depends DIt doesnt matter答案：DC4ahead of在前面；早于；优先ahead of表示“(空间上或时间上)在之前”，还表示“比强或好”。Tom pointed to a tree ahead of them.汤姆指着他们前面的一棵树。Time here is nine hours ahead of London.这儿的时间比伦敦早九小时。He is ahead of me in Chinese.他的汉语比我好。He was two classes ahead of me.他比我高两级。The new building was completed ahead of time.这幢新楼提前竣工了。She ended her European vacation ahead of schedule.她比原计划提前结束了欧洲之旅。用法拓展get ahead of超越；进步；成功；胜过look ahead为未来着想或打算；未雨绸缪；向前看；(喻)畅想未来go ahead(with)前进；开始；往下说；(口)干吧，去吧，继续吧be ahead of占优势head为动词，表示“朝方向移动”head还可以表示“带领”By working hard he got ahead of the rest of the class.通过努力，他超过了班上的其他同学。We headed the boat out to sea.我们将船驶向外海。They are heading home.他们正朝家走去。Who is heading the party?该党现在由谁领导？Whose name heads the list?谁的名字列在名单的最前头？Ill go ahead and start the coffee.我要去喝咖啡。Getting ahead at work is the most important thing to Joe right now.目前，对乔来说在工作上取得成功是最重要的。They are going ahead in their business now.他们的生意现在有进展。May I ask a favour of you?Go ahead，please.我可以请你帮忙吗？请说吧。即境活用单项填空Danial stayed up late these days and he wanted to finish the task_time.Aahead of Binstead ofCin spite of Das a result of答案：A5be of special interest非常有趣His later stories are of great interest because of their imagination.他后来写的故事因为富有想像力而十分有趣。The book for children is really of special interest.这本儿童读物真的很有意思。归纳延伸“be of抽象名词”，这时的of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词，作为表语表示主语的性质或特征。of的意思是“具有、具备”等，常用于该结构的名词常见的有be of use/importance/help/value/interest/benefit/necessity。即境活用用be ofn.结构完成句子Dont hesitate to tell me if I can _(帮上任何忙)What he said at the meeting _(很有价值)This medicine _(没大作用)答案：be of any helpwas of great valueis of little use重点句式1.His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。be to do在句中表示后来会发生的事，意为“注定会，一定”。be to do句型的含义：(1)表示注定要发生。(2)预先安排好的计划或约定。(3)表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情感意义。All these are to be answered for!所有这一切都会遭到报应的！She was to call before she left.她打算在离开前打电话。You are to make the necessary changes.你要作出必要的改变。用法拓展表示将来时的几种方法：(1)be going to do表示主语现在打算在最近或以后做什么，这种打算是事先考虑好了的。另外可表示根据已有迹象非常可能要发生的情况。(2)be about to do表示正要或即将做某事，多与when连用。(3)时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时。My grandfather is going to be seventy next month.我的祖父下个月就70岁了。I was about to go to sleep when a knock at the door sounded.我正想睡觉，这时有敲门声。If you like, Ill put in a word for you.如果你愿意，我就替你说句好话。即境活用翻译句子我们约定今晚九点在飞机场见面。_这次经历会改变他的生活。_单项填空In a room above the store, where a party _， some workers were busily setting the table.Awas to be heldBhas been heldCwill be held Dis being held答案：We are to meet at the airport at nine this evening.This experience was to change his life.A2So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.因此我们安排对足球队员和被认为是向他行贿的人进行了采访。supposed to为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于who was supposed to.用法拓展(1)be supposed to应该，认为必须(2)suppose sb./sth. to be.认为某人/某物是(3)Its supposed that人们认为(4)I suppose so.我认为这样/那样。(5)I suppose not.我认为不这样。(6)What do you suppose陈述语序？你认为？(7)Suppose/Supposing/Provided/Providing(that).是表示假设的条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时表将来。特别提醒be supposed to后面若接不定式的完成时，则表示理应做某事(但可能没有做)，这里有虚拟的含义。Jack is supposed to have finished his work now.杰克现在应当完成工作了。Dirty Harry is supposed to be one of Eastwoods best films.人们认为肮脏的哈里是伊斯特伍德的最佳影片之一。Were not supposed to smoke here.我们不应该在这里抽烟。I suppose its too late to apply for that job now.恐怕现在申请那份工作已经太迟了。Look, suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do?哎，假设你明天丢掉了工作，你会怎么办呢？Can we come with you?Oh, I suppose so.我们可以跟你一起来吗？噢，我看可以吧。即境活用单项填空I _ (that) I shall be back until eight oclock.Adidnt supposeBdont supposeCnever supposed DsupposedThe train _ arrive at 1130, but was an hour late.Awas about to Bwas likely toCwas supposed to Dwas certain to答案：BC3Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.周阳永远都不会忘记他在中国日报办公室里的第一个任务。(1)否定词放在句首，故用倒装把谓语的一部分位于主语之前。类似词有：no/not/never/little/hardly/seldom/scarcely/neither.nor/not only.but also/no sooner.than/hardly.when/by no means如：Seldom does he go to the cinema.他很少去看电影。Never in my life have I heard or seen such a thing.在我一生中还未曾听说或见过这样的事呢。Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。(2)assignment n(分派的)任务，(指定的)作业；分配How are you going to get through the assignment?你将如何完成作业呢？There was no telling what the next assignment would be.不晓得下一个任务将是什么。He is responsible for the assignment of jobs.他负责分派工作。即境活用单项填空Not once_their plan.Adid they change Bthey changedCchanged they Dthey did changeNowhere_as in my garden.Athe flowers were so beautifulBwere the flowers so beautifulCso beautiful were the flowersDso beautiful the flowers wereNot until I beg
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