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111Unit 1Cultural relics教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._n. & vt.设计；图案；构思2_n珠宝；宝石_un.珠宝；宝石3_n接待；招待会；接收_vt._n接待员4_n. & vt.怀疑；疑惑_adj.5_n证据；根据_adj.清楚的；明白的；显然的6_n. & vi.争论；辩论7_vi.幸免；幸存；生还_n幸存_n幸存者8_vt.使吃惊_n_adj.令人大为惊奇的_adj.大为惊奇的9_v装饰；装修_n.10_vi.爆炸_n.11_adj.稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的_adv.12_adj.贵重的；有价值的_opp.没有价值的_adj.极有用的_vt. & n重视；珍视，价值_n贵重物品13_adj. & vt.奇特的；异样的；想象；设想；爱好14_adj.本地的；当地的_adv.15_adj.非正式的_opp.正式的短语回顾1.in search_寻找2_than 少于3think highly_ 着重，器重4care_ 关心，在乎5_than 而不是6belong_ 属于7_war 处于交战状态8take_ 拆开9be_for 为设计10_the light of the moon 借助月光句型背诵1.Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, _ _ _ _ that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。2Later，Catherine _the Amber Room_to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。3_ _ _ _ _the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。4In a trial，a judge must decide_eyewitnesses_believe and which_ _believe.在审判中，一位法官必须断定哪些证人的话可以相信，哪些不可以相信。5After that, _ _ _ the Amber Room remains a mystery.从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。自我诊断单词拓展1design2.jewel，jewel(le)ry3.reception，receive，receptionist4doubt，doubtful5.evidence，evident6.debate7.survive，survival，survivor8.amaze，amazement，amazing，amazed9decorate，decoration10.explode，explosion11.rare，rarely12valuable，valueless，invaluable，value，valuables13.fancy14local，locally15.informal，formal短语回顾1of2.less3.of4.about5.rather6.to7.at8.apart9.designed10.by句型背诵1could never have imagined2.had；moved3.There is no doubt that4.which；to；not to5.what happened to考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.design n设计；图样；构思vt.设计，计划；构思用法拓展(1)by designon purpose有意，故意have designs on/upon sth.(money/life)图谋(钱、生命)(2)be designed for sb./sth.为某人/物设计、计划be designed to do sth.为做某事计划、设计be designed as sth.作为而设计It happenedwhether by accident or designthat the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.碰巧不知是偶然还是有意安排其他人走后，只剩下了他们两个人。The method is designed for use in small groups.这方法是为小组活动设计的。These venues will be designed to be fully accessible to the people with disabilities.这些场馆，将充分考虑残疾人的需要，实施无障碍设计。This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。即境活用单项填空Children are not allowed to see the film _ for adults.AdesignedBdesigningCto design Dhaving designed答案：A2worth prep.值得的；相当于的价值； n价值；作用 adj.(古)值钱的This book is worth $50 at all.这本书总共值50美元。Though this problem is not easy to settle，it is worth the trouble.尽管这个问题挺难解决，但是还是值得费点事的。用法拓展for all one is worth拼命地，尽力地；最大限度地，尽量地We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.谚井干方知水可贵。for what it is worth不论其真伪，不论其价值如何，不敢担保易混辨析be worth doing/n./money值得做/值的/值(多少钱)It be worthwhile to do做是值得的be worthy to be done值得做某事be worthy of being done值得做某事即境活用单项填空It is not_to discuss the question again and again.AworthBworthyCworthwhile Dworthily翻译句子任何值得做的事就值得做好。_这条项链值一千美元。_答案：CWhatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.This necklace is worth 1,000 US dollars.3fancy adj.奇特的；奇异的vt.想象；设想；爱好n想象力用法拓展fancy oneself (as sth.)自命不凡；自负fancyn.(to be/as)n.认为是fancy (sb.s)doing想象(某人)做某事have a fancy for爱好catch/take sb.s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb./sth.喜欢上/爱上某人/某物fancy dress/clothes奇装异服The dress is too fancy for me.这件服装我穿太花哨了。Fancy a drink?想喝一杯吗？Children usually have lively fancy.儿童往往有丰富的想象力。She rather fancies herself as a singer.她自以为是了不起的歌手。Fancy sitting in the sun all day!想一想整天坐在太阳底下的滋味吧！She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them caught her fancy.她仔细查看旅馆广告，终于有一家中了她的意。He took a fancy to the girl next door.他迷恋上了隔壁的女孩子。即境活用单项填空They are too _ for me; I prefer the plain ones.AordinaryBfancyCimaginary DcommonHe fancies himself _ a pop star.Ato be BasC/ Dall of the above答案：BD4survive v幸免于；幸存；生还用法拓展A survives BA比B活得长survive on.靠存活下来survive from.从存活下来；从流传下来survive the accident在事故中幸免于难特别提醒survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要再加多余的in。当survive意为“比多活多长时间”时，用“A survives B by时间”结构表示。Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.在140名乘客中只有12人幸免于难。There are concerns that the refugees may not survive the winter.有人担心这些难民活不到冬天。即境活用单项填空In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they _.Ahave survivedBare to surviveCwould survive Dwill surviveAll of them _ the bombing yesterday.Asurvived Bwas survived inChad survived Dhas survived in答案：BA5remove vt.移动；搬开用法拓展remover n搬运工remove.from移动，搬开remove ones coat脱下大衣remove all doubts消除所有疑虑remove sb. from ones position as chairman撤去某人的主席职务Reference books may not be removed from the library.参考书不能被带出图书馆。He removed his hat and gloves.他摘下帽子和手套。即境活用单项填空Teenagers shouldnt be _ from school although they dont do well in studies.AdisappearedBgoneCremoved DbeatenThe people present burst into cheers after doctors completed an 18hour operation to have _ twoyearold twins at the head.Aisolated BseparatedCdivided Dremoved答案：CB6doubt n怀疑；疑惑；疑问 v怀疑；不信；拿不准I do not doubt of/about your success.我不怀疑你会成功。I doubt whether he will come on time.我怀疑他是否会按时到。I dont doubt that he will come on time.我不怀疑他会按时到。用法拓展beyond doubt常作插入语毫无疑问no doubt无疑地；口很可能make no doubt即境活用单项填空_he is qualified for the job.AThere is no doubt thatBIt is no doubt thatCThere is no doubt whetherDIt is no doubt whetherWhat the doctors really doubt is_my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.Awhen BhowCwhether Dwhy答案：AC7rare adj.稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的It is rare to find such a genius nowadays.这样的天才现在很少见。A collector of rare insects will show us some of his latest discoveries.一位稀有昆虫采集家将给我们看一些他的最新发现。用法拓展rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常，是表示否定意义的副词，其反义疑问句应用肯定形式。如果rarely置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。类似副词还有seldom，hardly，scarcely，never，few，little，nothing，nobody等。The countrys car industry is so strongly protected that foreign cars are rarely seen there.该国对汽车工业严加保护，外国汽车甚为罕见。Why is it that he rarely mentions his childhood?他为什么很少提到他的儿童时代呢？Rarely did he fail to keep his promise.他真的很少失信。They rarely watch television these days，do they?这些日子他们很少看电视，是吗？即境活用单项填空He has been away from his hometown since 1997，but rarely_have time to go home.Adoes he Bdid heCwill he Dshould he答案：A8remain link. v仍然是；保持不变It remains true that sport is about competing well，not winning.体育重在勇于竞争而非获胜，一向如此。He remained poor all his life.他终生贫穷。When the others had gone，Mary remained and put back the furniture.当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放回原处。温馨提示remain用作系动词时，意为“仍然(处于某种状态)；保持”，后面常跟adj./n./v.ing/done/to be done等形式。remain用作不及物动词时，意为“剩余；残留；逗留”，不能用于被动语态。remain还经常用于there be句型中，代替“be”动词。He will remain(as)manager of the club until the end of his contract.他将继续担任俱乐部经理，直至合同期满。Train fares are likely to remain unchanged.火车票价很可能会保持不变。It remains to be seen(it will only be known later)whether you are right.你说得对不对还有待于证实。There remained one significant problem.还有一个非常重要的问题。She left，but I remained behind.她走了，而我留了下来。用法拓展remaining adj.意为“剩余的”，作前置定语，left表示“剩余的”，作后置定语。remainder n其他人员；剩余物；剩余时间remains pl. n剩饭菜；古迹；遗迹；遗址She would buy her daughter a gift with the remaining money.她将用剩下的钱给她女儿买个礼物。Nine people came in and the remainder stayed outside.9个人进来，余下的人留在外面。The remains of the supper were taken away.晚餐吃剩的东西被收去了。即境活用单项填空Having sports is certainly good for you，but it remains_whether youll do it.Ato see Bto be seenCseeing Dseen答案：B9select vt.选择；挑选；选拔用法拓展select sb. to do sth.选拔某人去干某事select sb./sth. for sth.为某事而挑选某人/物易混辨析choose，select与electchoose，select与elect都含有“选择”的意思。choose指一般性选择，往往比较随意。The site has been chosen for the new school.这块场地已被选作新学校的校址。select指精心进行的选择或选拔，目的性很强。All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.我们住的旅馆都是他们精心挑选的，最为合算。elect只能用于选举。She became the first black to be elected to the Senate.她成为第一位被选进参议院的黑人妇女。即境活用用choose，select，elect的正确形式填空Li Ming was_our new class monitor.There are a lot of shoes for you to_from.The group has been carefully_for the study because of their lifestyle.答案：electedchooseselected重点短语1.at war 处于交战状态How long have they been at war?他们交战有多长时间了？用法拓展at peace (with oneself/sb./sth.)让(自己)平静；与(某人/某物)和睦、和好at work在工作at school在上学at table在吃饭 at sea在航海at play在玩耍 at will任意，随意at home感觉舒适自在，无拘束at heart在内心里，在本质上at sight一见He never felt really at peace with himself.他从未真正感到心里平静过。The animal is allowed to wander at will in the park.这个动物可以在公园里随意走动。I am a country girl at heart.我实际上是个乡下姑娘。即境活用单项填空Although Ive never worked for a bank before, I feel quite _ there because Im used to dealing with figures.Aat peaceBat homeCat sea Dat will答案：B2be worth doing值得做某事；做某事有价值The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。用法拓展worth of sth.值某金额的量worth it值得The winner will receive ten pounds worth of books.获胜者将得到价值十英镑的书籍。The new car cost a lot of money, but its certainly worth it.买这辆新车花了很多钱，但确实物有所值。易混辨析worth, worthy和worthwhile这三个词都有“值得的”的意思，但各自的用法或搭配关系不同。worth是一个只能作表语的形容词，意为“值的”“有价值的”。其后接名词或主动语态的动名词(有被动的含义)作宾语。worthy可以作表语或定语，用作定语时，意为“有价值的，值得尊敬的，应受到赏识的”；用作表语时，意为“值得的”“应受到的”，其后常接of sth./doing sth.，也可以接to do sth.。worthwhile既可以作表语，也可以作定语。它表示某事因为重要、有趣或受益大而值得去花时间、钱财或努力去做好它的意思，一般作“值得的，值得做的，有意义的”解。用作表语时，可以后接动名词或动词不定式。The used car is still worth $200.这辆二手车仍然值200美元。Is the exhibition worth a visit/visiting?这个展览会值得去参观吗？The money we raise will go to a very worthy cause.我们筹集的钱款将用于非常崇高的事业。Guangzhou is worthy of a visit/to be visited.广州值得去看一看。Helping old people is a worthwhile activity.帮助老人是一项很有意义的活动。即境活用翻译句子这部电影值得看。_答案：This film is worth seeing./This film is worthy of being seen/to be seen./It is worthwhile seeing the film.3in search of寻找(search亦可作为v.)The scientists are in search of a new element.科学家们正在寻找一种新元素。It fared worse with the family who left their hometown in search of better jobs.那家人为寻找更好的工作离开家乡，运气却更糟。Some tribes migrate with their cattle in search of fresh grass.有些部落为了寻找新鲜的牧草而带着他们的牲畜迁移。用法拓展make a search afterfor(去)找，寻求，搜查search afterfor寻找，探求search into调查，研究search out搜(查)出，探出search through把仔细搜寻一遍即境活用翻译句子为了找到失踪的小男孩，他们搜遍了整个森林，但是没找到。_完成句子他扫视了四周，好像在搜寻什么东西。He glanced about as if he was_something.我想再次调查那件事。I want to_the matter once more.答案：In order to find the lost boy，they searched the whole forest，but failed.in search ofsearch into4take apart拆开；分开；粗暴的对待The boy took apart the toy car，but couldnt put it together again.男孩把玩具汽车拆开了，可怎么也安不上了。His first film had had notices；his second was taken apart.他的第一部电影受到热情的称赞，但是第二部却遭到严厉的批评。John enjoys taking things apart to see how they work.约翰喜欢拆卸东西，以研究它们的工作原理。用法拓展take after仿效，将作为榜样跟随；相像，在相貌、脾气或性格上相似take back收回(所说的或所写的事)take down拿下，放下，将从一个较高的位置拿到一个较低的位置；记下(以书写的形式记录下来)take in让进入，接纳，吸收，允许进来；接受为客人或雇员；收缩(在尺寸上减小)使变小或变短；包括，构成；理解；欺骗，诱骗take off脱掉(衣服)；(飞机)起飞；(事业)腾飞take on从事，开始对付；担负了额外的责任；雇，雇佣take over接管，获得对的控制或管理take up占据(时间、空间)；从事take.account of把纳入考虑范围take away from减少，减弱take for granted想当然；认为是真实的、正确的或会发生的；料想是正确的；低估了的价值take(ones)breath away令人窒息；使进入一种敬畏或震惊的状态take(ones)time慢慢地或不急不忙地行动take place发生；出现即境活用单项填空On our way home，our car_，so we were late for the ceremony.Abroke down Btook awayCbroke away Dtook downNowadays，students always take_for granted that teachers and parents should do whatever they can for them.Athat BitCone Dthis答案：AB5in return 意为“作为报答；回报”Ill let you borrow it on one condition；(that)you lend me your bicycle in return.我借给你也行，但有个条件，你得把你的自行车借给我。The bargain they reached with their employers was to reduce their wage claim in return for a shorter working week.他们与雇主达成的协议是他们在工资方面降低要求，但每周工时要缩短。易混辨析in return和in turn这两个短语都可用作状语，只是意思不同：in return作为报答；回报；作为回应in turn依次；轮流；相应地；转而Can I treat you lunch in return for your help?感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？I asked her opinion，but she just asked me a question in return.我征求她的意见，她却只是反问了我一句。The students clean the classroom everyday in turn.学生们每天轮流打扫教室。即境活用单项填空I greeted the teacher with “hello”，and the teacher gave me a sweet smile_.Aby turns Bin returnCin turn Dfor return答案：B6belong to属于；为的一员用法拓展belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态。虽然belong后通常接to，但如果表示“应该在某处，适合某处”时则可用in，on，among，under，with等。“某东西属于谁”用belong to sb.，而不用belong to sb.s。sense/feeling of belonging归属感personal belongings个人财产belong to还可当“最受欢迎；(在比赛中)获胜”讲即境活用单项填空Poor Helen is beloved as a friendly lady by all who knew her and had_the same church for almost all her adult life.Abelonged to Bowed toCwent on with Dinsisted onDont take things_others.Abelong to Bbelonging toCbelonged to Dthat belonged to答案：Abelong to“属于；成为的一员”；owe to“归功于”；go on with“继续”；insist on“坚持”。句中“belong to the same church”意为“在同一个教堂做礼拜，属于同一个教会”。B逻辑关系上是主动，用ing形式，故选B。7think highly of看重；器重用法拓展think well/much of sb./sth.对某人/某物评价高think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth.对某人/某物评价低(印象不好)think poorly of不放在眼里；轻视think nothing of轻视；认为无所谓think twice重新考虑；再三考虑think out想出；考虑好speak highly of高度赞扬speak well/ill of说好/坏特别提醒当“think highly/well/much of”用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在thought之前，即“be highly/well/much thought of”。即境活用单项填空His work was_by his boss.Ahigh thought Bhigh thought ofCgood thought Dwell thought ofI wonder why they all think_Wang Teng.Abad Bbad ofCbadly Dbadly of答案：D在被动结构中，表示“对某人评价高”时应该用“be well thought of”。Dthink badly of“对某人评价低”。注意介词of不能省去。重点句式1.This was a time when the two countries were at war.这是在两国交战的时期。用法拓展be at war处于交战状态。be at.表示“处于状态”，除此之外，还可以用in、on等介词。另外，注意句型结构There was a time when.“曾经有一段时间”。He was at work at that time.那个时间他正在上班呢。There was a time when women were looked down upon.曾经有一段时间妇女受到歧视。即境活用翻译句子有段时间，这里是不准吸烟的。_当我见到他们的时候，他们正在海滨度假。_地震发生的时候，他正在工作。(at work)_答案：There was a time when smoking was prohibited here.When I met them，they were on holiday by the seaside.He was at work when the earthquake happened.2There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国是波罗的海的一个城市。用法拓展There is no doubt.不用怀疑(后用that连接)。doubt本身用否定的时候，连词用that；本身是肯定的时候用whether连接。即境活用翻译句子我怀疑他会不会按时到这里。_你怀疑他会做成这件事吗？_单项填空There is no doubt_he can pass the exam.Athat BwhetherCwhat Dwhen答案：I doubt whether or not he will come on time.Do you doubt that he can make it?A3After that，what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。用法拓展其中的what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery是以what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中作主语。what引导的名词性从句是每年高考的必考点。She is not what she was a few years ago.她已经不是几年前的她了。What you need is a good meal.你需要的是一顿美餐。温馨提示what引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，而其他引导词如：that是不作成分的，只起连接作用，when作时间状语，where作地点状语，how作方式状语等。That he came late made the teacher angry.他迟到了，老师对此很生气。He asked when the meeting would be held.他问什么时间召开会议。用法拓展What“什么”用在口语中，表示没听见或没听懂。“要什么？”表示听到对方的话并询问要什么；表示惊讶或愤怒时，意为“竟有这种事？”或“真的吗？”What for？“为何目的；为何理由”。What if.？“要是会怎么样呢？”What about.？用来提出建议或引出话题，“怎么样？”后面跟名词或动名词形式。I asked her to marry me.You what?我向她求婚了。你说什么？I need to see a doctor.What for?我得去看医生。看什么病？What if she forgets to bring it?要是她忘记带来，会怎么样呢？What about a trip to France?到法国去旅游一趟怎么样？即境活用单项填空_is expected，according to the online survey，is that prices of houses will not go up any more.AAs BItCWhat DWhich答案：C4In a trial，a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审判中，一位法官必须断定哪些证人的话可以相信，哪些不可以相信。用法拓展疑问代词who，what，which等和疑问副词when，where，how等后面跟不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。“特殊疑问词动词不定式”经常用在某些动词(短语)后面作宾语，这样的动词(短语)有：tell，show，know，learn，teach，find out，forget，wonder，remember等。因为“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以可用同等成分的从句代替，从而把简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后面加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当形式的谓语即可。即境活用单项填空_hasnt been decided yet.AWhen held the meetingBWhen holds the meetingCWhen will we hold the meetingDWhen to hold the meeting答案：D考查“疑问词动词不定式”用作主语的用法。“when to hold the meeting”此处相当于“when we will hold the meeting”。知 能 层 层 练一、单项填空1. Since it is expected that Fed will cut interest rate again, there is no doubt _ the company will make the decision on raising the price of crude oil.Awhy BthatCwhether Dwhen答案：B解析：doubt用于否定句或疑问句时，从句用that引导；用于肯定句时，从句用whether或if引导。There is no doubt that.意为“是毫无疑问的”。2What does the story tell us?It tells us something about the only man who _ in a disastrous earthquake.Asurvived BfledCavoided Descaped答案：A解析：survive意为“幸免；幸存”时为不及物动词，符合题意。3To write a good argument, _ and collecting the date is very important.Apicking BpointingCchoosing Dselecting答案：D解析：select意为“精挑细选”，常指从广阔的范围内精选、淘汰。其余三项只是表示“选择”，没有精挑细选的含义。4There are many people present at the meeting, a quarter of whom _ the same school.Abelong to Bare belonging toCbelong Dare belonged to答案：A解析：belong to“属于”为固定搭配，无进行时态和被动语态。5They helped us a lot with our housework and never asked for anything _.Ain turn Bas rewardCas return Din return答案：D解析：in return“回报；作为报答”，为固定搭配，后接宾语时需加介词for。6As we all know, wood doesnt _ in water; however, it floats.Adrop BheadCsink Dbathe答案：C解析：由it floats可知，sink“下沉；沉下”符合本题语境。7Carol said that the work would be well done by the end of October, _ personally I wondered completely.Awhich Bat whichCin which Dof which答案：B解析：wonder at/about.“对感到疑惑”，为固定搭配，此处为介词提前，关系代词which指代前面的一句话。8The Chicago Bulls was made up of the best basketball players in the States, most of _ were black Americans.Athat BwhichCwhom Dthem答案：C解析：定语从句中介词提前且有逗号与前半句隔开，先行词指人，故关系代词用whom。9Youd better not _ the radio, or youll not be able to put it back together again.Atake apart Btake awayCtake out Dtake in答案：A解析：由后半句中的“put it back together”可知用take apart“拆开；分开”。10The suspects fingerprint printed on the gun was the main _ a
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