高考一轮复习学案人教版必修五《Unit 1 Great Scientists》

111 必修 Unit 2.单词拼写1We should _ (装备) our children with knowledge.答案：equip2As we know，when heated，things will _ (膨胀)答案：expand3They asked me so many questions that they _ (使困惑) me.答案：confused4I _ (后悔) being so rude to you last time.答案：regretted5Have you any _ (评论) on the recent development?答案：comments6They are engaged in the _ (供应) of small parts for replacement.答案：supply7India _ (出口) tea and cotton to many different countries.答案：exported8People in this area were ground down by _ (饥饿) and poverty.答案：hunger9We are not doing a _ (化学的) experiment but a physical one.答案：chemical10The old man had been _ (斗争) with illness for 3 years and succeeded at last.答案：struggling.完成句子1_ _ the doctors timely treatment，the girl was saved.多亏医生的及时救治，这个女孩得救了。答案：Thanks to2It is not easy to _ _ _ a habit.要改掉一个人的习惯是不容易的。答案：rid one of3He _ _ work in the countryside.他宁可去农村工作。答案：would rather4You have given the correct answer.I _ _ _ it.你给出了正确的答案，我很满意。答案：am satisfied with5He _ _ _ _ his lessons.他把心思集中在功课上。答案：focused his mind on.单项选择1Finally he was reduced _ in the street.Ato wanderBto have wanderedCto wandering Dwandering解析：短语be reduced to.“沦落为”中，to为介词，其后要接名词、代词或动名词形式。答案：C2I regret _ you that John has been fired.I can hardly believe my ears.Hes such a fine worker.Atelling Bhaving toldCto tell Dto have told解析：前句句意：我非常抱歉地告诉你约翰已被解雇了。regret to do抱歉要做某事。答案：C3(2012杭州模拟)The beams of light moved across the sky and _ the performers on the stage.Afocused on Bwere focused onCfocused themselves on Dfocused to解析：focus作“集中”讲时，可作不及物动词，后常跟介词on。句意：光束在空中移动，集中对准舞台上的表演者。答案：A4(2011日照模拟)Mom，can I go to the cinema?No.Id rather you _ a quiet night in front of the TV.Awill have BhaveChad Dhave had解析：would rather后通常接不用that引导的从句，从句用虚拟语气，从句不表示“过去”，而表示“现在”或“将来”，故用一般过去时。答案：C5(2012徐州模拟)_ _ your help，I got the first in the finalterm English examination.AThanks to BWithoutCIf not DBut for解析：句意：多亏你的帮助，我在期末考试中英语得了第一名。A项“多亏；由于”；B项“没有”；C项“不然的话；如果不”；D项 “若没有”。答案：A6Once we have made a plan，all of us should _ it，whatever happens.Aadd to Bstick toClead to Drefer to解析：考查动词短语辨析。add to“增添，增加”；stick to“坚持观念、信仰、计划、方案”等；lead to“导致，引起”；refer to“参考，提到，涉及”。句意：一旦计划制订下来，我们都要坚持下去，无论发生什么事。答案：B7As the final exam is coming，my pressure _，and Im afraid it will _ my failure.Abuilds up；lead to Bcomes up；cause toCturns up；bring about Dmakes up；stick to解析：句意：随着期末考试的临近，我的压力越来越大了。我害怕这会导致我的失败。选项中的build up意为“逐渐增强”，lead to意为“导致”，符合句子的意思。答案：A8Im sorry Im late.Ive got a flat tyre.Is that the best excuse you can _？Acome across Bcome up withCpick up Dpick out解析：句意：对不起，我来晚了。我的车胎爆了。这是你能想出来的最好的借口吗？come up with“想出，找出”，符合句意。come across“偶然遇见”；pick up“捡起”；pick out“挑选”。答案：B9(2012泉州模拟)The introduction of modern facilities to the company led to a great many workers _.Ato be laid off Bbeing laid offClaid off Dlaying off解析：lead to“导致，引起”，to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。a great many workers是v.ing形式的逻辑主语，并且与“lay off”是动宾关系，故选B。答案：B10If your blood _ badly，your hands and feet will get cold easily.Apasses BcrossesCcirculates Dcircles解析：circulate“循环”，blood circulates badly“血液循环差”。pass“通过”；cross“穿过”；circle“绕行”。答案：C11(2011金华模拟)Have you got any _ to make on the recent development?Aimpressions BcommentsCreactions Dopinions解析：make comments on sth.“对作出评价”。impression“印象”，常构成leave an impression on； reaction“反应”，常与to连用；opinion“观点、意见”，常构成have an opinion of短语。答案：B12(2012福州质检)It is believed that universities are a place _ students _ skills and knowledge.Ato equip；with Bequipping；withCto equip；for Dequipping；for解析：句意：人们相信大学是教授学生知识和技能的地方。a place后应接动词不定式作定语，排除B、D两项；equip sb.with意为“用装备某人”，故A项正确。答案：A13What do you think of her speech last night?Just soso.She gave us too much information，so that everyone got _.Aconfused Bto confuseCconfusing Dto he confused解析：考查非谓语动词。get confused为被动语态结构，get相当于助动词be。答案：A14(2012上海模拟)After he was knocked down by a car which escaped immediately，he _ to his feet and called 120 and the police station.Astood BstruggledCran Drose解析：struggle to ones feet是固定词组，意为“挣扎着站起来”。答案：B15Only in this way _ the flies in the room.Ayou can get rid Bcan you get rid ofCcan you get out of Dyou can get rid of解析：句意：只有用这种方法你才能除去屋子里的苍蝇。only强调状语时，主句用部分倒装，get rid of去掉；除去，固态搭配。答案：B.阅读理解AMy students often tell me that they dont have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.My reply is often a brief “You have as much time as the president.”I usually carry on a bit about there being twentyfour hours in the day for everyone，and suggest that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.Once in graduate school，I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard.His answer to me was，“ Thats irrelevant (无关的)Whats important is the quality of your work.”Since then I have had time to think carefully about the “hard worker” dodge (诀窍)，and I have come to some conclusionsall relevant to the problem of how much time we have.If you analyze the matter，you can identify two parts of the problem：There is，of course，the matter of “time”，which we can think of as fixed.Then there is the problem of “work” during that time.But，as my professor suggested，its not how hard one works but the quality of the product thats important.That led me to a new idea：the quality of the work.That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someones office：“Dont work harder.Work smarter.”There is a lot of sense in that idea.If you cant get more time，and few of us can，the only solution is to improve the quality of the work.That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get.That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits.Since “work” for students usually means “homework”，the expression “work habits” should be read as “study habits”Then，as a smart student，you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study，chiefly reading and writing.If you learn to read better and write better，there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.解题导语本文是一篇议论文。每个人每天拥有的时间都是相同的，那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧了。作者认为：不要苦干，要巧干。1From the passage，we know that the author is probably _.Aa poet Ban educatorCa novelist Dan engineer解析：推理判断题。根据第1段首句中My students可以推断出作者从事教育行业。答案：B2We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that we students still _.Ahave enough timeBcan meet the presidentCget everything done wellDshould accept the explanation解析：推理判断题。本段(第2段)指出：You have as much time as the president.以及“not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of.(“时间不够”作为的理由是不可接受的)。由此可推断出答案。答案：A3Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe authors students make good use of their time to do all their homework.BThe author tried to tell the professor that he/she (the author) had done a good job.CYou cant improve the quality of the work if you cant get more time.DYoull try to improve your skills in reading and writing if youre a clever student.解析：事实细节题。根据最后一段的第1句Then，as a smart student，you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study，chiefly reading and writing.可知D项正确。答案：D4Whats the passage mainly about?AStudents dont have enough time.BDont work harder；work smarter.CNo one can get more time.DRead better and write better.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主题为：不要苦干，要巧干。答案：BBThe seventh game of any playoff series is always special，win or lose.It always has an edgeofyourseat，heartinyourthroat intensity unlike any others.One play，one shot or one save may make all the difference.But there are other things that make our games and sports so special.For example，where we play our sports is often one of the best things about the games.Think of it：What is as perfect as a fresh sheet of ice after the Zamboni machine (赞博尼磨冰机) has made its final pass and left the surface as smooth as glass？Or a swimming pool on a summer morning，clear and calm，before the first swimmer has broken the water?To me a freshly mowed and lined soccer field is as beautiful as any painting.So is a golf course in the early morning，or in the evening when the sun is setting.The stuff we play with is wonderful，too.Is there anything that feels as good in your hand as a brandnew baseball？Or a nice leather football？Grab hold of either，and you just have to play a game of catch.The clothes are good too.Sports uniforms are much more colorful and comfortable than regular clothes.Maybe thats why so many kids stay in their sports uniforms long after their games are over.No shoes feel better on my feet than my golf shoes.Maybe thats because I know I am going to have fun whenever I put them on.We talk so much about winning in sports.But if you are the kind of kid who is happy only when their team wins，then sports will let you down.After all，no team or player wins all the time.But if you can learn to enjoy the parts of sports that have nothing to do with winning or losingthe feel of a favorite bat or a stick in your hand，or how your heart beats when you put on your uniform and run onto the fieldthen sports will always be fun，whether you win or lose.解题导语体育比赛有输有赢，输了的时候我们难免会伤感。但是除了输和赢之外体育比赛还有很多乐趣。作者以饱满的热情告诉我们，体育比赛的乐趣在于享受比赛的过程，在我们穿上比赛制服的那一刻，在我们拿着崭新的垒球的那一刻5Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the phrases “edgeofyourseat，heartinyourthroat” in Para.1?AUncertain. BScared.CNervous. DEnthusiastic.解析：猜测词义题。文章开头说，比赛中的加时赛总是很特别的，一个射门就意味着完全不同的结果。因此看这样的比赛的时候，你会坐不住，心都提到嗓子眼儿了。因此这两个词组说明观众为赛场的牵一发而动全局的形势而“紧张”。答案：C6According to the writer，people are advised _.Anot to play a game of catchBto wear sports uniforms longCnot to talk about winning in sportsDto have fun in sports解析：推理判断题。作者在讲述赛场上剑拔弩张的紧张气氛后说，任何比赛都有输赢，我们要学会享受比赛中与输赢无关的东西，比如拿着你心爱的球拍或球棒，穿上比赛的制服驰骋赛场，这些才使得体育运动成为一种乐趣，由此判断选D。答案：D7Sports uniforms，as well as sports shoes，are mentioned in the text _.Aas an example of the special feeling of sportsBas comfortable sportswearCas particular desire of childrenDas the most favorite of sportsmen解析：推理判断题。作者用大量的篇幅叙述什么才是体育比赛中真正的乐趣，比如比赛场地，运动器械以及比赛时所穿的衣服和鞋给人带来的舒适感觉等，这些都作为例子来阐述作者对体育运动的真谛的感悟：体育运动的乐趣不在于结果，而在于享受其乐趣。答案：A8Which would be the best title for the passage?AWhether You Win or LoseBMany Joys of SportsCWinning in SportsDGames and Sports解析：主旨大意题。全文叙述作者对体育运动的感悟：体育比赛的乐趣不在于结果，因为任何比赛都有输赢，都难免会让人觉得沮丧，其乐趣在于运动本身。因此本文的标题应该是B项。答案：B111