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111Unit 4Reading:Warming upLook at the pictures and match each flower with its correct nameWhich flower is your favorite? Explain why.Pre-readingWhy was Carl Linnaeus important to the history of botany as a science?His system of grouping plants in families was unique, which based on the arrangement of the male and female organs in the flowers.While-readingFast reading How many people are mentioned in the passage? Carl Linnaeus Daniel Solander Joseph Banks Captain CookCareful reading1. Before Linnaeus botany was _DAstudied by doctors Bunknown to anyone Cfully developed Da branch of medicine2. Some economic species plants such as_ could help to develop local economiesCArose and peony Btea and apple Ccocoa and hemp DCocoa and lemon3. It was _ who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic researchAAJoseph Banks BCaptain Cook CLinnaeus D Daniel Solander4.Paragraph one of the text mainly tells us _ CAthe importance of botany Bhow to classify plant species into groupsCLinnaeuscontribution to botany DLinnaeusdiscoveries about different species5.Captain Cook made _voyages altogether around the world. CAone BTwo CThree D.fourPost-reading1. How did scientists classify plants before Linnaeus? Some scientists classified plants into herbs and trees, or according to the shape of the fruit, or whether they had flowers or not.2. What were the goals of James Cooks first voyage around the world? To study the passing of the planet Venus across the sun; to record, classify and describe all plant and animal life observed during the trip; to search for an unknown southern continent.3. Why did Joseph Banks have to supply his own money to equip part of the expedition? Because the government would not pay for such a new field of science as botany.4. What could be a possible explanation for the name “strawberry”? When people plant strawberry, they spread straw under the fruit to reduce the necessary amount of watering.Translate the following phrases into English:1. 详细地 in detail2. 处于支配的地位，负责 in charge of3. 由负责 in the charge of4. 任命某人为 appoint sb. as5.将分类成 classifyinto6. 计算之间的距离 calculate the distance between7. 一代一代传下去 pass on from one generation to the next8.建于之上；以为基础 be based on9.参与; 陷入 的活动 be involved in10.根据;视而定；按照 according to11.搜索；寻找 search for12.总而言之 altogether1.matchwith （在品质；颜色；设计等方面）相等，相当，相配2.at the age of 在岁时3.look out for 警惕;留心;守侯4.on a large scale 大规模地;大范围地5.year after year 年年;年复一年6.pass away 逝世7.nameafter 给取名;命名8.in detail 详细9.take care of 关心;照顾10.classifyinto 分类;归类11.develop a lifelong friendship with 与结存了终生好朋友12.born into 出生13.have an appetite for knowledge 有求知欲14.appoint sb. as 委派;任命某人为15.spread over 传播;流传16.a great deal of 大量;许多(用于不可数名词)17.lie in 在于18.related to 与有关19.the key to 关键是(在于)20.adapt to 适应于21.be sunken into 堕入Integrating skillsScanningFind out the important people mentioned in the text.Charles Darwin From England Gregor Mendel From AustriaGote Turesson From SwedenChoose the best answers according to the passage1. The research by Darwin, Mendel and Turesson shows that_ . C A. genetics is more important than the environment to plantsB. genetics is less important than the environment to plantsC. both genetics and the environment are important to plantsD. neither genetics nor the environment is important to plants2. Darwin observed that the birds with _ _ would eat_ . B A. small beaks l hard seeds Bbroad beaks；hard seedsC. hard beaks；hard seeds Dbroad beaks；soft seeds3.Darwin joined the scientific expedition on _ CA. the Endeavour B.Tahiti Cthe Beagle Dspace4. Scientists of the nineteenth century believed that . DAthe development of new species was behind the influence of the environmentBthe development of new species and the influence of the environment were hand in handCthe development of new species had nothing to do with the influence of the environmentD the influence of the environment was behind the development of new species .5. Darwin studied physics，chemistry and botany because_ . BAhe was invited to join scientific expeditionBhe was interested in themChe could do a lot Of experimentsDhe wanted to finish his book“On the Origin of Species”Fill in the following blanksScientist Research/experimentResult Charles DarwinThe wild life of Galapagos, many varieties of garden rosesThere were differences between the species of the different islandsyet all showed a clear relationship with those of America differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.Gregor MendelFlowers and peasMany characteristics were passed on from one generation to the next, without influence by the environment. His research gave birth to the science of genetics.Gote TuressonA wild plant found on the Swedish west coastFound evidence for the existence of stable varieties within species in nature. He showed that differences between plants of one species occurred as a result of the environmental conditions in their habitat.The text can be divided into four partsPart I Pa1-3: Darwin and his research.Part II Pa4-5: Mendel and his experiment.Part III Pa6: Turesson and his studyPart IV Pa7: the importance and significance of the research of the three.Important sentences in the passage1. It was Darwins visit on the Beagle to the Galapagos Isles that gave him the key to his new theory.2. Back home, in England, Darwin realized that differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.3. As a result of Darwin and Mendels research, scientists of the nineteenth century formed the belief that that influence of the environment was behind the development of new species.4. It would take a next generation of scientists to bring the importance of the environment on species back in view.111
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