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Unit 5 Topic1重点语法一般现在时（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）重点句型 How do you usually come to school? Iusually come to school by subway.How often do you go to the library? Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom重点详解1.Ialways come to school by bus.by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a, the, my等限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on.on the train=by train on his bike=by bike in my car=by car.巧辩异同on foot与walk onfoot“走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。go toon foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =Ioften walk to school.同样，go to.by bike = ride a bike to go to. by car = drive a car togo to by plane = fly to go toby bus = take a bus to2 .Come on! Its time for class. come on “快点，加油，来吧”。Its time for sth. “该做某事了”，与Its time to do sth.意思一样。3 .look的短语look the same看起来一样look like看起来像 look for寻找 look after照顾4 .do my homework at school在学校做作业do ones homework做家庭作业（注意：ones要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等）。5 we want toknow aboutthe school life of American students.我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。know about “了解，知道关于”。6巧辩异同a few与fewa few“一些”，few“很少，几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。a little与littlea little“一些”，little“很少，几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。7 They often play basketball or soccer, go swimmingand so on.go swimming去游泳and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。拓展go+v.-ing表示去做某事，类似的有：go fishing去钓鱼 go shopping去买东西 go boating去划船 go skating去滑冰8 How often do you go to the library?你多久去一次图书馆？how often“多久一次”，问频率。答语常用频度副词never, always,often等或单位时间内的次数once a week一周一次twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次语法讲解一般现在时一般现在时表示：（1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.（2）经常或习惯性的动作。Ioften go to school by bus.（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/dont和does/doesnt.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否定式：Idont go to school on foot.疑问式：Do you go to school on foot? Yes, Ido. No, Idont.当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。肯定式：He goes to work by bus. 否定式：He doesnt go to work by bus.疑问式：Does he go to work by bus? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Topic2重点语法现在进行时态。重点句型What are you doing? He is cleaning the dormitory. Are you doing your homework? Yes,I am./No, Iam not.How long can Ikeep them? Two weeks.重点详解1 at the moment“此刻，现在”,相当于now.2巧辩异同go to sleep与go to bedgo to bed“上床”“就寝”Ioften go to bed at ten.go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last nightIwent to sleep at two oclock.3巧辩异同some, a few与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。We want some apples and some water. a few用在可数名词复数之前，a little用在不可数名词之前。There are a few books and a little waterin the classroom.4与how相关的短语how often多常how many多少how much多少钱how old多大5 And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归”return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb.return to“回到”，相当于come back to6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell(1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。(2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。(3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。(4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story讲故事等固定搭配。7.Icant findmy purse and Iamlooking forit. look for“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；find“找到”强调找的结果。8 .look(at), see与readlook(at)指看的动作，see指看的结果，read常指看书、看报纸等。9 .Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of mine我的一个朋友a classmate of my brothers我弟弟的一个同学10 .Ialso want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。 巧辩异同also与tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。语法讲解现在进行时1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, look, listen等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。（1）肯定式：Iam running. You are running. He/She is running.（2）否定式：Im not running. You arent running. He/She isnt running.（3）一般疑问句及回答：Are you running? Yes, Iam./No,I am not.Is he/she running? Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isnt.Topic3重点语法一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。重点句型 What day is ti today? Its Wednesday. Why do you like it? its easy and interesting.What class are they having? They are having a music class.重点详解1询问星期几用What day？回答：Its Wednesday/Sunday。与特殊疑问句词what有关的短语：what class什么班what color什么颜色what time几点what date几号（日期）2 How many lessons does he have every weekday?How many+可数名词的复数形式；How much+不可数名词。3一个星期的第一天是Sunday,在星期几前用介词on,在具体点钟前用at.4 learning aboutthe past了解过去learn about了解拓展learn from向学习learn by oneself自学5 What do you think of ? = How do you like?你认为怎么样？6 Why? Because its interesting.用why提问必须用because回答。7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？like best最喜欢，可用favorite“特别喜爱的”转换。8 be friendly to sb.对某人友好9 Ican learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。(1) learnfrom“从学习”。(2) a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of也可以表示“非常，十分”。Unit6 Topic1重点语法There be句型和方位介词短语。重点句型 There are two bedrooms and a a small study. There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so on. Is there a computer in your study? Yes, there is.Dont put them here. Put them away.重点讲解1 Its on the second floor.在哪一层楼，用介词on。on表示在上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the,意为第二（的）。巧辩异同two与secondtwo是基数词，second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。2 in在里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroomIs there?表示某地存在吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is.否定回答No, there isnt.它的复数形式为Are there?其肯定回答是：Yes, there are.否定回答No, there arent.3 巧辩异同there be与have(1) there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。(2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。The is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.注：there be遵循就近原则。be用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用at.如have a look at your watch.5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。talk with/to “与某人交谈”6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：Whats+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。7 play with“和玩耍”，“玩” play with sb.“与某人一起玩”8 put away把放好9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care of.look at看 look like看起来像 look for寻找look the same看起来一样10 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree(1) in the tree指外来物体在树上。(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。11 巧辩异同like doing与like to dolike doing表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。 like to do表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。12 Im very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。get a letter from sb.收到某人的来信hear from sb.Topic2重点语法There be句型 Wh-questions重点句型 Whats your home like? Whats the matter?Sorry, Icant hear you. Ill get someone to check it right now.There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.重点讲解1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。with“有，带有”。 With还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。(1) for表示“给”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词，但通常带s.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词。Here is a letter for you.(2)of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Lilys. = Shes is Lilys friend.3 Whats the matter?怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：Whats the matter with sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。Whats the matter? = Whats wrong?4 Ihear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。heardoing sth.“听见在做某事”，强调正在进行的动作。heardo sth.“听见做了某事”，强调全过程。hear about sth.听到关于某事物的消息 hear from sb.接到某人的来信、电话等 hear of sb./sth.听到或知道某人或某事物的情况5 a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用many或much.6 be far from离远（抽象距离）beaway from离远（具体距离）My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.7 There is something wrong with sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。8 Ill get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody某人right now= at once= right away马上，立刻语法讲解There be（表示“有”）用法1.“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.2.它的疑问形式是将“be”提到“there”之前。Are thery any books on the desk?3.它的否定形式是在“be”后加“not”.4. There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。Topic3重点语法特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式。重点句型 Excuse me, how can Iget to Go alongand turn left at the first street.Be careful! Dontplay on the street.重点讲解1 go up “沿着走”与它相近的词有go along/down2 get to 到达，后接地点名词get to =reach=arrive in/at与get有关的短语： get in收获 get on上车 get off下车 get out出去 get out of从出来 get up起床3 across from在对面4 Its good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。Its good to do sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。5 on the corner of = at the corner of “在拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。in the corner of表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。6 有关come的短语come to来到 come form来自于 come on加油，赶快 come in进来come out出来 come down下来 come back回来Unit7 Topic1重点语法掌握be动词的一般过去式。重点句型 Were you born in Hebei? Yes,I was./ No, Iwasnt. When was your daughter born? She was born on October 22nd, 1996.Whatsthe shape of your present? What does it look like?How long/wide is it? What do we use it for? We use it to study English.重点讲解1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法：(1)月日，年。May 1st,2008 (2)日月，年。1stMay,20082 plan to do sth.计划做某事 plan for sth.某事订计划3 基数词变序数词的规律：基变序，有规律，五、十二ve用f替再加th一二三，特殊记，整几十改y为ie再加th八去t九去e再加th，几十几只改个位就可以。4 表示确切“几百”时，hundred后面不加“s”，但表示不确定数目的“数以百计”时，hundred后面应加“s”，用“hundreds of”表示。three hundred students三百名学生 hundreds of students几百名学生5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字，再说单位，最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“”读做“point”。6.4米长 six point four meters long6 What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么?use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事. = use sth. for doing sth.语法讲解be动词的一般过去时1. be动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。My brother was at school yesterday.2. be动词的过去式为was/were,其否定式为was not/wasnt和were not/werent.3.一般疑问句以及简略回答：Were you born in July,1999? Yes, Iwas./No,Iwasnt.Topic2重点语法掌握情态动词can/cant,could/couldnt的用法。重点句型 Can/Could you dance? Yes,I can/could. No, Icant/couldnt. What can you do? Ican speak English. He cant sing English songs.重点讲解1 Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs? Chinese songs.选择疑问句中，回答时只能选择一者作答，不能用“Yes”或“No”回答。2 Id like to take these flowers to the party. take sb./sth. to sw.带某人/某物去某地巧辩异同take与bring take（从说话人处带到别处）带去，带走bring（由别处带到说话人处）带来3 一段时间+ago是表示过去的时间状语。two years agoat the age of 在岁的时候4 be good at doing sth. = do well in doing sth.擅长做某事，在方面做得好。5 with ones help = with the help of在的帮助下6 can和could的使用(1) can(could)“可以，同意，准许”表示请求，允许。could语气较can委婉。(2) can“会，能”，表示能力，could表示过去的能力。Topic3重点语法行为动词的一般过去时及其回答。重点句型 Did you sing a song at the party? Yes,I did/No, Ididnt. Imissed the chair and fell down. How could you lie to me?Kangkang made a silent wish and them he blew the candles out in one breath.重点讲解1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself?康康玩得开心吗？Enjoy是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣。”enjoy oneself = have a good/great time玩得愉快 enjoy doning sth.喜欢做某事巧辩异同like, love与enjoy(1)like喜欢（程度较弱）like doing/to do(2) love热爱（程度较强）love doing/to do(3)enjoy喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣enjoy doing2 Its your turn.该你了。turn是名词，意思是“轮流”，Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。还可以做连系动词，意为“变成”，后接形容词做表语。3 反身代词oneself变化如下：第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)Imyselfyouyourself(yourselves)第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves) hehimself theythemselves4 What happenedto Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？happen to sb.某人发生某事，to是介词 happen to do碰巧干某事，to是不定式符号语法讲解一般过去式一、一般过去式表示：（1）过去存在的状态。My father wat at work yesterday afternoon. (2)过去某个时间发生的动作。Igot up at 6:30 yesterday. (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.常用的时间状语：two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now, in 2002等。二、动词过去式的构成：1.规则动词在动词后面直接加“ed”。play-played动词以“e”结尾加“d”。move-moved 动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i加ed.study-studied动词为重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加ed. plan-planned stop-stopped2.不规则动词 am/is-was are-were do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表)三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句：肯定句：Ibought some books yesterday.否定句：Ididnt buy any books yesterday.一般疑问句：Did you buy any books yesterday?Unit5Unit7中出现的冠词用法1.弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动，刚不带the。play the guitar/piano play soccer/basketball2.序数词，前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor3.三餐前面不用冠词。have breakfast/lunch/supper介词的用法1.在几点常用介词at,在星期几常用on。在早上、下午、晚上常用in.在具体某是前，用介词on；在月份或年份前用介词in，在具体到某一天的早上/下午/晚上，也用onat seven oclock; on Sunday; in the morning.2.在哪一层楼用介词on.Unit8 Topic1重点词组:1.take a walk散步2.had better最好3.go out出去4.later on后来，随后5.come back to life复活，复苏6. be busy doing忙于做某事7.in spring在春天8.go swimming去游泳9.make a snowman堆雪人10. summer holiday暑假11. plan to do sth.计划做某事12.go for a walk去散步13. be different from与不同14.last from.to.从持续到15.last for+时间段持续多长时间16.get warm变暖和17.weather report天气预报18.learn to do sth学会做某事19.all day整天重要句型:1.询问天气的两个句型:Whats the weather like?=How is the weather?天气怎么样2.Its a good time/season to do sth=Its a good time for sth/doing sth是做什么事的好时候或好季节Its a good time for sb to do sth是某人做什么事的好时候Its + adj +to do sth做某事是很.的e.g.Its good to get up early.e.g Its a good time/season to swim3.-Why.?-Because由why引导的句子,回答一定要用because4.learn to do sth.学做某事e.g She is learning to dance.5.Which season do you like best?=Whats your favorite season?6.询问温度:Whats the temperature?The low / high temperature is.The temperature is fromtoThe temperature is betweenand7.had better do sth.最好做某事had better最好 had缩写d否定形式: had better not do sth.e.g The temperature is high outside. Youd better not go out.8. remember to do sth.记得去做某事(实际动作还做)remember doing sth.记得做过某事(实际动作已经做)e.g You must remember to close the door.你一定要记得关门(门还没有关) He remembered closing the door.他记得关过门了(门已经关上了)9.be busy doing sth忙于做某事e.g He is busy reading.be busy with sth忙于.e.g They are busy with housework.总结讲解:1.表示天气的形容词,一般n+y；重读闭音节的双写最后一个字母+y天气名词rainwindcloudsnowsunfog对应形容词rainywindycloudysnowysunnyFoggy2.wear, be in和put onwear穿着,戴着,强调状态,用一般现在时表示经常状态,用现在进行时,表示暂时状态.be in表示穿着的状态e.g We wear our raincoat on a rainy day.(经常状态) The girl in pink is my sister. (暂时状态)put on穿上,戴上,强调动作（动作,短暂性）put on穿、戴上、上演（代词it / them放中间，名词中间/后面，put it / them on）e.g She put on a red coat and went out.3.sunglasses/shorts/shoes/pants这些词通常都用复数形式4.get warm变暖和, get是系动词,后加形容词,类似的还有get cold; get fate.g The weather gets hot in summer.5.修饰雨雪的词汇多用heavily修饰风多用strongly的形式e.g.下大雨rain heavilya heavy rainsnow heavilyheavy snow刮大风blow stronglya strong wind6.last: v.延续e.g The meeting lasts for an hour. adj.上一个的,最近的last TuesdayUnit 8 Topic 2重点词组：1.during the summer holidays暑假期间2.go back to返回到古巴3.places of interest名胜古迹4.go for a holiday(go on holiday)度假5.take a photo of拍一张的照片6.a pair of sunglasses一副眼镜7.point toat指向8.wrap gift money in red paper用红纸包礼钱9.enter someones home进入某人的家10.customs in different countries不同国家的习俗11.be different from与不同12.give my best wishes to sb.把我最好的祝福给13.give my love to sb.代我向某人问好14.travel around环游重点句型:1. The summer holidays are coming.暑假要来了。2. I hope to get together with them.我希望和他们在一起。3. Each of us has a good plan for the holidays.我们每个人都有一个很好的假期计划。4. Can you tell me something about Yunnan?你能告诉我一些云南的事情么？5. It sounds really interesting and exciting.它听起来相当有趣和令人激动。6. Different countries have different customs.不同的国家有不同的风俗。7. You shouldnt eat with your left hand.你不能用左手吃东西。8. You mustnt point to anything with your foot.你千万不要用脚指东西。9. Guess what I bought for you!猜猜我为你买了什么！10. I hope you all have a good time.我希望你们每个人都能过得愉快11. -Whats the best time to go there?-I think you can go anytime.交际用语：谈论旅游和风俗1. Where do you want to go ?2. Who would you like to travel with?3. -How was your trip?-It was wonderful.4. Whats the best time to go there?5.- How did you travel there?-By train.6. -How long were you there?-Only five days.7. Different countries have different customs.重点解析:Trip / travel两者均表示旅游，其主要区别为：(1)trip指短距离旅行e.g.The round trip was ten dollars.(2)travel指长途旅行，尤其指到国外旅行e.g.Do you want to travel around the world?Unit 8 Topic 3重要句型:1.They often eat turkey and Christmas cakes and give each other presents.give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 类似的有：lend, send, bring, pass, takeeg: I lent my bike to her. = I lent her my bike.send sb. sth =sent sth to sb.送给某人某物bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb.给某人带来某物take sb. sth = take sth to sb.给某人带走某物2.It means the end of Spring Festival.它意味着春节的结束。 the end of 的末端at the end of 在的末端(时间和空间);by the end of到末端为止3.notuntil直到才e.g. He didnt come back until 12 oclock.4.prepare for sth为某事做好准备=get sth ready ,其宾语为所准备的直接内容e.g. They are preparing for the party this evening.The students are preparing for the exams.5.go to church去教堂做礼拜go to the church去教堂go to school去上学go to the school去学校go to hospital去看病go to the hospital去医院6.start/ begin to do sth开始做某事start/ begin doing stheg: He started/ began to study English six years ago.He started/ began singing.7.The whole family gets together for a big dinner. the whole +单数名词(集体名词) = all the +名词 eg: The whole class is here.= All the class are here.8.watch sb. / sth do注视某人/物做某事，强调动作的结果（全过程）watch sb./ sth doing注视某人/物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行类似的有：hear, seeeg: I hear someone singing in the next room.I often hear him shout to others.I see an old man selling books in the street.I sometimes see them play basketball on the playground.9.in hospital在住院in the hospital在医院里at table在吃饭at the table在桌子边10. everyone / every one 1) everyone“人人，每人”，仅指人，相当于everybody，一般不能与of连用，作主语为单数。 Everyone is here.大家（人人）都来了。 2) every one“每一个（人或物）”，指人或物，常与of连用，谓语用单数。 Every one of the book is interesting.每本书都很有趣。11.people/person/man 1) people:泛指“人，人们”，谓语动词用复数形式。There are many people there.那儿有许多人。the people常用来指“人民”。 We study hard for the people.我们为人民而努力学习。指“民族”是可数名词。 Therere 56 peoples in中国有56个民族。 2) person“人；人物”，无性别之分，可指男人，也可指女人。常用于指数目不大，而且数目比较精确的“人”。 Everyone likes the honest person.每个人都喜欢诚实的人。 There are only three persons in the room.房间里只有三个人。 3）man:指“男人”（复数形式为men），也可指“人类”。 He is a man of few words.他是个少言寡语的人。 Man has languages.人类有语言
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