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Section ,Learning about Language,She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place, because she was concerned about whether they would be discovered.她发现很难在躲藏处安顿和平静下来，因 为她很担心他们是否会被发现。 1settle,点拨,(1)vi.安家；定居；停留,Finally Karl Marx settled in London. 最后卡尔马克思在伦敦定居下来。 (2)vt.使定居；安排；解决 We werent able to settle the problem by ourselves. 我们没法自己解决这个问题。,拓展 运用,settle down 定居下来；安下心来 用 settle 及其构成的短语的适当形式填空,These problems are impossible to _. His job is just to help new foreign students _.,settle,settle down,She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.她饱受孤独之苦，但在那里她不得不学会喜欢它。 2suffer,点拨,(1)vt.遭受；忍受；经历(其宾语常为痛苦、损害或不,愉快的事等) Many great men had suffered poverty. 许多伟人都经历过贫穷。 (2)vi.受苦；患病；受损失 He is still suffering after taking medicine. 吃过药后，他依然感觉难受。,拓展 运用,suffer from (尤指长期或经常性地)遭受；患病 用 suffer 及其构成的短语的适当形式填空,He _ terribly when his mother died. He _ several failures at the beginning of his senior school. When I was in my childhood, I always _ bad colds. His business _ a lot during the war.,suffered,suffered,suffered from,suffered,“Ive got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows，” Anne said to her father.安妮对 父亲说：“我已经厌倦了透过肮脏的窗帘和满是尘土的窗户去 看大自然。” 3get/be tired of 对厌烦(后接名词、动名词等),典例,She is/gets tired of his rude manners.,她厌烦他的粗鲁行径。,运用,完成句子,Most people _ ( 厌 烦 做 ) the same thing every day.,get/are tired of doing,运用,用所给单词的适当形式填空,1 This war caused widespread human _.About 13,000 people _ from poverty, starvation ( 饥 饿 ) and illness.(suffer) 2 The doctors said that he was badly ill and unlikely to _.However, under his wifes good care, he has made a remarkable _.(recover) 3Hundreds of years ago, many people _ at the foot of the mountain and built their own village.Now it has become a _ for _ from all over the country.(settle),suffering,suffered,recover,recovery,settled,settlement,settlers,She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.她发现很难在躲藏处安顿和平静下来,点拨,finditadj.(for sb.)to do sth.意为“发现(某人),做某事怎么样”。其中 it 作形式宾语，其后的不定式短语为真 正的宾语，其中的形容词作宾补。能用于这一结构的动词还有 consider, feel, think, make 等。如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这项工作不容易。 Dont you consider it wrong to cheat in business? 你不认为做生意行骗是不对的吗？ Spaceships make it possible to travel to the moon. 宇宙飞船使去月球成为可能。,拓展,(1)该结构中作宾补的成分除形容词外，还可以是名,词。如： Do you find it a good idea to put off the meeting? 你觉得推迟会议是个好主意吗？ (2)该结构中的“itadj./n.to do”部分可以改写成一个 宾语从句。如： I find it impossible to agree to your plan. I find (that) it is impossible to agree to your plan. 我无法同意你的计划。,运用,完成句子, We _ ( 发 现 不 正 常 ) for him to wear a coat in such a hot day. All of us considered _ (他 是个有趣的人) after we heard his funny stories.,find/found it unusual,him an interesting man,直接引语和间接引语 (),陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语,直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，放在引号内；间接引语 是用自己的话转述别人的话，常构成宾语从句(祈使句可用动词 不定式表达)。直接引语和间接引语可以互相转换。学习间接引 语，要注意三个问题：(1)引导词；(2)语序(陈述句语序)；(3)时 态。,一、直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代 词、时间状语和地点状语等的变化规则,1人称的变化,直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循这样的规则：,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。,“一随主”是指如果引号中的主语及宾语是第一人称或被 第一人称物主代词所修饰，那改成间接引语时从句中的人称要 根据主句中主语的人称来变化。如：,She said, “My brother wants to go with me.”,She said her_brother wanted to go with her.,“二随宾”是指若引号中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第 二人称物主代词所修饰，那改成间接引语时从句中的人称要跟 主句的宾语一致。如果主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：,He said to Kate, “How is your sister now？” He asked Kate how her sister was then.,“第三人称不更新”是指如果引号中的主语及宾语是第三 人称或被第三人称物主代词所修饰，改为间接引语时从句中的 人称一般不需要变化。如：,Mr.Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”,Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker.,2时态的变化,如果原句中主句的谓语动词为一般过去时，从直接引语变 为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词按照以下规则变化：,如：,Tom said, “We are listening to pop music.”,Tom said that they were listening to pop music.,He asked the conductor，“Where shall I get off to change to a,No.3 bus？”,He asked the conductor where he would get off to change,to a No.3 bus.,Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before,you watch TV？”,Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework,before I watched TV.,注意：如果直接引语讲的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，,时态不变。,3指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向动词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语，时间状语由“现在”改为“原 来”，地点状语(尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语) 由“此”改为“彼”。具体变化如下表：,（续表）,二、陈述句与疑问句转换为间接引语,1陈述句,转述陈述句时，去掉标点符号和引号，用连接词 that 引导 宾语从句，一个宾语从句前的 that 可省略，两个或两个以上的 宾语从句的引导词 that 不可省；同时，从句中对人称、时态、 指示代词等作相应的变化。如：,Shirley says, “I dont want to do homework every day.”,Shirley says (that) she doesnt want to do homework every,day.,She said, “My family watched TV yesterday.”,She said (that) her family had watched TV the day before.,2疑问句,(1) 一般疑问句：转述时，去掉引号和问号，用连接 词 whether/if 引导宾语从句；同时注意将原来倒装的主谓顺序恢复 为陈述语序；还有，从句中要对人称、时态、指示代词等作相 应的变化。如：,My friend asked me, “Do you like English？” My friend asked me if/whether I liked English.,(2)特殊疑问句：转述时，去掉引号和问号，特殊疑问词不 变，将原来倒装的主谓顺序恢复为陈述语序；同时，从句中的 人称、时态、指示代词等要作相应的变化。如：,Mary asked me, “Who is she？” Mary asked me who she was.,Jimmy asked, “When did you finish reading it？” Jimmy asked (me) when I had finished reading it. Mike asked, “When will their plane land？” Mike asked when their plane would land.,(3)反意疑问句：转述时，去掉引号和标点符号，常用连接 词 whether/if 引导宾语从句；同时，从句中要对人称、时态、指 示代词等作相应的变化。如： He asked, “You are a native, arent you？” He asked (me) whether/if I was a native. (4)选择疑问句：转述时，去掉引号和问号，常用连接词 whether/if.or.引导宾语从句；同时，从句中要对人称、时态、 指示代词等作相应的变化。如： He said, “Is this car Mr.Greens or Mr.Browns？”,He,asked,(me) whether that car was,Mr.Greens,or,Mr.Browns.,一、将下面的句子改为间接引语,1 John said, “I am going to London with my father,tomorrow.”,_,2She said, “We have plenty of work to do here.”,_,3She said, “This train is pulling in.”,_,John said that he was going to London with his father the next day.,She said that they had plenty of work to do there.,She said that that train was pulling in.,4The professor said, “The earth goes around the sun and the,moon goes around the earth.”,_ _,The professor said that the earth goes around the sun and that the,moon goes around the earth.,二、将下列句子改为间接引语,1He said to me, “I wrote to my father yesterday.”,He _ me _,to his father _.,2The teacher asked, “Are you waiting for the bus？” The teacher asked _ waiting for,the bus.,3He asked, “Where are you going？”,He asked _.,told,he had written,the day before,if/whether we were,where I was going,4He asked, “He is a famous writer, isnt he？”,He asked _ a famous writer. 5Lucy asked, “Are you interested in music or dance？” Lucy asked me _ in music,or dance.,whether/if he was,whether/if I was interested,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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