动词不定式ppt课件

动词不定式,1,结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do,二. 时态与语态,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,-,2,(1).They pretended not to see us.,(2). He pretended to be sleeping.,(3).She pretended to have known it before.,(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎发生在 它之后.),(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行),(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前),3,三. 用法/ 功能,To see is to believe. Its important to learn English well .,(1). 主语,单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数 若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,My job to help the patient. Your task to clean the classroom.,is,is,(2). 表语,4,I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again.,(3) 宾语,think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do,5,e.g. I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work (by me).,注意,see, hear, watch, feel, notice, look at等表示 感觉和let, make, have等表示使役的动词后 面，不定式作宾补时要省“to” （注：被动 语态不省to）,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.,(4). 宾补,6,I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.,(5). 定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词, 则不定式中要有介词.),请给我一支写字的笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面,7,I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train.,(6) 状语（表示目的或结果）,in order to , so as to , enough to , only to , too.to.,在一些短语中也有体现,8,(7).独立结构,to be frank, to be honest,To tell the truth, I dont agree with you.,类似的结构,9,(8)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know what to say. How to solve the problem is very important. My question is when to start.,注意：,在与why连用时，why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。 Why not have a rest?,10,exercise,11,My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up 2.The sentence wants _ once more. explained B. to explain C. being explained D. to be explained 3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic. having been B. to have been C. to be D. being,B,D,C,12,4.The manager ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay. to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave 5.I found the German language hard _. learned B. learning C. to be learned D. to learn 6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off,B,D,C,13,几对易混淆的词组： stop to do sth. 停止去做某事 doing sth.停止正在做 forget to do sth. 忘记去做 doing sth. 忘记已做了 remember to do sth. 记得去做 doing sth. 记得曾经做,14,7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. to solving, making B. to solving, made C. to solve, making D. to solve, made 8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _. school to study in B. school for children to study C. studying school D. school to study,B,A,15,9. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use. expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned 10.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time. to finish B. finishing C. being finished D. to be finished 11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change? to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go,B,D,B,16,12._ a living, she had to work from morning till night. To make B. Made C. Making D. To have made 13. I would rather starve to death than _ for food. beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg 14.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read,A,A,C,17,Exercise,18,1. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make 3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects,19,4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see 5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. it what to do with B. what to do with it C. what to do it with D. to do what with it 6. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. why,20,7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 8. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to,21,10. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating 11. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 12. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented,22,13. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 14. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 15. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make,23,1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。 _ are both great happiness. 2中国人民决不会征服。 The Chinese people refuse _ 3据说他已经完成了他的工作。 He is said _. 4 根据报道他们已安全到达。 They are reported _,To love and to be loved,to give in/ be conquered,to have finished/completed his work,to have arrived safely,24,5 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。 I want this bike _. 6 玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了。 Mary seemed _. 7众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。 He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympic.,to be repaired at once/ immediately,to have been told about it,to have been given,25,He was overheard to say that he hoped John would resign. Peter was made to wait outside. He was heard to unlock the door and go out. The man was seen to shoot the woman on the street. The old lady was noticed to wipe her face with a handkerchief.,26,I forgot to ask you to go to the bank. It is very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine. I know how to make a mouse out of my handkerchief. Luckily, we dont have much more work to do. She was very pleased to have the opportunity to travel while she was young. She has been very successful in her work, and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a child.,27, started pushing/ to push promised to go advise you to eat began shouting/to shout avoid falling forget to call felt like throwing let them stay,a. to tell b. spending a. putting b. to check a. talking b. to make c. to drink a. to get b. thinking,28,