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gkxx精品课件,Unit 1 Getting along with others,Grammar,gkxx精品课件,Grammar,gkxx精品课件,A faithful friend is hard to find. The only way to have a friend is to be one. It is better to be alone than in bad company.,Look at following sentences, pay attention to the words in red.,To-infinitive,知音难觅。 交友的唯一方法是自己必须够朋友。 与恶友交不如独处。,gkxx精品课件,Functions of to-infinitive 1)Subject of a sentence To find a best friend is difficult. To talk with your mouth full is rude. To become a lawyer was his childhood dream. We also can change this sentence into: It is difficult to find a best friend. It is rude to talk with your mouth full. It was his childhood dream to become a lawyer.,Should not be too long,gkxx精品课件,动词不定式和不定式短语做主语时，常用it做形式主语，其句型结构为： It is +形容词或名词（或词组）+不定式短语 这时的形容词常为easy, difficult, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, necessary, impossible, important 等。名词或词组常为a fact, a great day, a great thing, a pity 等。,Tip:,gkxx精品课件,动词不定式还可以和what, where, how, when, which等连接代词（副词）连用，在句中做主语。如： 如何处理垃圾是个问题。 _ is a problem.,How to deal with the rubbish,Tip:,gkxx精品课件,2)Object I need to sleep for eight hours every night. I like to read newspaper articles about sports. Amy wants to know more about the film. *Verbs that can be followed by the to-infinitive: want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, try, need, forget, agree, know, learn, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, fail, manage, prepare, ask, hate, prefer, mean, choose, expect, etc.,gkxx精品课件,1. I couldnt decide _. (买哪哪一个) 2.Ask him _. (想干什么) 3.I learn _. (怎么说英语),which one to buy,what to do,how to speak English,gkxx精品课件,3)Object complement I ask him to come over. Tell Jack to close the window, please. Id like you to do the job rather than Tom.,动词+宾语+带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词（词组）有ask, teach, tell, want, like, ask for, wait for, advise, invite, have, warn, wish, get等,gkxx精品课件,我们看男孩子们踢足球。 _. The boss made _ (让工人们在雨中工作）in the rain.,the workers work,We watched the boys play football,eg.,gkxx精品课件,4)Attribute I have a very important meeting to attend. I have a lot of homework to do. He is looking for an apartment to live in.,To-infinitive is put after the noun phrase that it modifies.,gkxx精品课件,注1: 用作定语的动词不定式可以改变成定语从句。 I have a very important meeting that I have to attend. I have a lot of homework that I have to do. He is looking for an apartment that he can live in. 注2: 动词不定式用作定语时可以放在一些名词的后面。如： attempt, ability, chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure, intention, need and opportunity.,gkxx精品课件,5)Predicative His intention was to cheer me up. My wish is to be a doctor. His plan is to go abroad and continue his studies.,My job is to help the patient.,eg.,gkxx精品课件,6)Adverbial My dad arranged some swimming lessons to surprise me. (showing purpose) Sam was lucky to catch the first bus that morning. (showing reason),gkxx精品课件,注：动词不定式也可以用于进行时和完成时。 * Things seem to be getting better. * John pretended not to have seen me. * When his mother came in, the little boy quickly closed his eyes and pretended to be sleeping. * Tom pretended to have left his homework at home.,gkxx精品课件,Basic forms of to-infinitive,gkxx精品课件,The boss made the employees work ten hours a day. I often hear him sing in the next room. You had better not be late. I forgot to turn off the lights and close the door when I left.,Look at following sentences, pay attention to the words in red.,Bare infinitive,gkxx精品课件,Functions of bare infinitive 1)We use the bare infinitive after: * let and make and sometimes have I let her borrow my book. She made me promise to write every day. The teacher often has his students read aloud in class.,gkxx精品课件,* verbs of perception: feel, hear, see and watch I saw her talk to her new friends. He stood there and watched the passengers go by. 注：动词observe, notice也有这种功能。如： Did you notice anyone enter the house? Jerry likes to observe the stars move in the sky at night.,gkxx精品课件,* Would rather, had better and why not I would rather go swimming. You had better tidy your bedroom. Why not visit your cousin in Japan? 2)When two infinitives are joined by and, or, expect, but, than, rather than, we normally use the bare infinitive for the second infinitive. Do you want to go shopping or watch a film? I decided to write rather than phone.,gkxx精品课件,Consolidation,Turn to page 9 and complete the letter. Retell the letter to your partner, using your own language.,gkxx精品课件,Homework,C1 on page 100 in Workbook. 2. Relevant exercises in Unit Revision.,gkxx精品课件,As a young fashion model, she was not yet used _ in public. A. to be looked at B. to being looked at C. being looked at D. to look at,gkxx精品课件,I remember putting the bike in front of the building, but it is nowhere _. A. to find B. to be found C. finding D. to be finding,gkxx精品课件,-Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends _. A. C. so D. that,B. to,gkxx精品课件,He gave us some advice on how_ English. A. learning B. learned D. learn,C. to learn,gkxx精品课件,Mrs. Smith warned her husband _ after drinking again and again. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive,gkxx精品课件,To master a foreign language, _. A. a lot of practice is needed B. it needs practice C. practice is in need of D. one needs a lot of practice,gkxx精品课件,Eddie is said _ a new computer program recently, but I dont know when she will finish it. A. to design B. to be designing C. to have been designing D. to have designed,gkxx精品课件,-Do you have anything more _, sir? -No. You may have a rest or do something else. A. typing C. typed D. to type,B. to be typed,gkxx精品课件,They knew her very well. They had seen her_ up from childhood. B. grew C. was growing D. to grow,A. grow,gkxx精品课件,The murderer was brought in ,with his hands _behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied,D. tied,gkxx精品课件,See you next class!,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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