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gkxx精品课件,外研版高中2年级 (第6册) Module6,grammar,gkxx精品课件,宾语从句(Subordinate Clause)中的虚拟语气,一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语 从句的引导词that。,对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：,从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子 结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词 用过去式。例：,I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个 答案。(事实上是不知道),gkxx精品课件,2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around. (wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。 (事实上不可能),3. I wish I were a bird. (wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。 (事实上不可能),4. When she was at the party, she wished she were at home. (wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家),5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese. (wishes,过去虚拟动词understood),现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂),gkxx精品课件,对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：,用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为： 宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might +现在完成时。例：,I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadnt wasted so much time.,我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了),2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.,他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去),3. We wished he had spoken to us.,(wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲),gkxx精品课件,4. I wish you had called earlier.,(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了),5. They wish they had listened to us sooner. (wish, had + listened)(事实上并不如此),I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept 正确答案:,A,gkxx精品课件,对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：,从句动词“would/should/could/might + 动词原形“ (时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。 用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例：,I wish it would stop raining. (虚拟动词would+动词原形stop),我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢),2. I wish you would be quiet. (would + be),我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢),gkxx精品课件,3. You wished she would arrive the next day. (would + arrive),你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到),4. I wish she would change her mind. (would + change),我希望她会改变主意。,5. He will wish we would join him the following week. (would + join),(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起),gkxx精品课件,注意： 1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词 形式不变。例如： I wished I hadnt spent so much money. 我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。,2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希 望未来有所改变或请求。,I wish he would answer my letter.,I wish prices would come down.,I wish you would help me.,I wish you would stop asking silly questions.,gkxx精品课件,二.在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语 从句中的虚拟语气由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意 见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that” 从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种 语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词 用原形，常用的此类动词有：,表示“要求”的 表示“提议、劝告、建议”的： 表示“决定、命令”的 表示“主张”的： 表示“同意、坚持”的：,ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg,propose, suggest, recommend, advise,decide, order,maintain, urge,consent, insist,gkxx精品课件,1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.,2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.,3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ” (当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。),4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work.,我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。,5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English speaking country.,我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。,gkxx精品课件,在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟 语气很普遍，其结构如： order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +. (should) do,6. I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,7. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.,但注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述 语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气.,8. She insists that she is right.,9. She insisted that I should finish the work at once.,gkxx精品课件,或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某 事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾 语从句用陈述语气。,10.The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.,三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑 疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,经常用“should动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇， 怀疑，不满等。,我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。,I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.,gkxx精品课件,1.But for your advice, I _ into trouble. would get b. got c. might have got d. should get 2._ for the traffic jam, I should have covered fifty miles. Had it been b. Had it not been c. It had not been d. It not had been 3.Were it not for the adoption of the open policy, things _ they are today. would never be b. could have been c. would never have been d. didnt have 4.If only I _ there. have not been b. would not been c. will not be d. had not been,c,b,c,d,gkxx精品课件,5.Tom would buy that bicycle but he _ no money. a. had b. has c. had had d. has had 6.I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there. a. was b. were c. had been d. went 7.It is time we _ up our results. a. sum b. summed c. will sum d. would sum 8.Dr Bethune worked hard as if he _. never had felt tired b. had never felt tired c. never felt tired d . was tired never 9.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made. have read b. should have read c. am reading d. had read,b,c,b,b,d,gkxx精品课件,10.It is strange that such a thing _ in your school. will happen b. happens c. should happen d. happened 11. If she could sew,_. a. she make a dress b. she would have made a shirt c. she will make a shirt d. she would had made a coat 12.“Did you notice John was not at work today?” “No. If _ working, I would have noticed it.” a. Id be b. I wasnt c. Id been d. werent 13.“Why dont you explain it to her?” “I _ it to her if I thought she would understand.” would explain b. will explain c. explain d. would have explained,c,b,c,a,gkxx精品课件,Thankyou,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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