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Module 4 Fine ArtsWestern，Chinese and Pop Arts,漫画欣赏,画面描述,A Western young man，sitting at a table，is ready to eat a bowl of noodles. He is holding two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks.He is trying so hard to pick up the noodles that he is sweating a lot.,寓意理解,We dont need to copy others ways of thinking.Sometimes a simpler way of doing things may be a better way.,你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？,重 点 单 词,1alive adj.活着的；充满活力的；仍然存在的 The discussion came alive when an interesting topic was brought in. 引入有趣的话题后，讨论变得有活力了。 He is the only man alive in the accident. 他是这次事故的惟一幸存者。 Keep your hopes alive.不要失去希望。美国传统,【轻巧辨析】 alive/lively/live/living (1)alive是表语形容词，可用于修饰人或物，作表语、后置定语、宾补， 不可作前置定语。 He is the only person alive after the crash. 他是撞车后惟一的生还者。 (2)lively形容词“活泼的，生动的，有生机的”，可指人，也可指物， 作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 a lively boy一个活泼的男孩 lively description生动的描述 (3)live形容词“活的，活生生的，现场直播的”，作前置定语，只修饰 物不可指人。 a live animal一只活的动物 a live TV broadcast电视直播,(4)living形容词“有生命的、活的、健在的”，可修饰人或物，作 表语和前置定语。 living things生物 His grandmother is still living at the age of 98. 他奶奶已98岁，仍然健在。,即景活用,用living，alive或live填空 The living are more important to us than the dead. She has no living relatives. The spy was caught alive，but he died from wounds the next day. I caught a live rat.,2observe v看到，观察，注意；遵守，奉行(法律、协议或习 俗)；庆祝(节日) She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way. 她注意到一个人在路的对面走着。 Please observe the speed limit. 请遵守限速规定。美国传统 We observed Independence Day together. 我们一起欢度了独立日。美国传统 【用法点睛】 observe观察，其后主要接名词或用作不及物动词。 observe(注意到)sb.doing/do sth. sb. be observed to do/doing sth.,即景活用,National Day is _ by seven days of holiday in our country. Acongratulated Bobserved Cheld Dcheered 解析：句意为“国庆节在我们国家以放七天假的方式来庆祝”。 congratulate表示“祝贺”，其主语为人；C、D两项因意思不合而被排除。 此处所缺单词含义为“庆祝”，相当于celebrate，故用observe表示。需强 调的是，observe作“庆祝”讲，是它的次常见含义，这对习惯于只记一义 的同学来说是个教训。 答案：B 3adopt vt.采纳，采用；收养；正式通过，接受 Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了新的教学法。 Wed like to adopt your idea.我们想采纳你的意见。 Our neighbors adopted a baby girl.我们的邻居收养了一个女婴。美国传统 The committee adopted the law.委员会通过了这项法律。,【词汇派生】 adoption n采用，采取，采纳；收养 adoptable adj.可采纳的 adoptive adj.收养的(置于名词之前) a adoptive father/mother养父/母 【轻巧辨析】 adopt vt. 采取，采用；收养，领养；正式通过，接受 adapt vt. 使适应，使适合；修改，改编 vi.适应(to) adopt vt.adopted adj.adoption n. adapt vadaptable adj.adaptation n. adapt sth. for sth.改变某事物以便在不同情况下运用 adapt to适应,即景活用,The old couple decided to _ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own. Aadapt Bbring Creceive Dadopt 解析：句意为“这对老夫妇自己已经有三个子女，但还是决定收养 一个男孩和一个女孩”。adopt可作“收养”讲。 答案：D 4aim vt.&vi.&n.瞄准，对准；打算；针对；n.目的，目标 Aim at the target when shooting an arrow. 射箭要对准靶子。 The visit was aimed at expanding relations between the two countries. 这次访问的目的是发展两国关系。 My aim is to be an actor. 我立志做一名演员。美国传统,【思维拓展】 (1)aim at sth./doing sth.瞄准，目标是做某事 aim to do sth.旨在做某事，打算做某事 aim sth. at sb.使某物针对某人，用某物瞄准某人 (2)take aim at sb./sth.把目标对准某人/某物 without aim无目的地 (3)aimless adj.无目标的，无目的的,即景活用,英译汉 He aimed his gun at the lion，fired but missed. 他瞄准那头狮子，射击，却未击中。 Tom got angry with his brother and aimed a heavy book at his head. 汤姆对他哥哥发火，拿起一本厚书向他的头掷去。 My remarks were not aimed at you. 我的话不是针对你而讲的。 He missed his aim，and didnt hit the target. 他没有瞄准，没有打中靶子。,5stand v忍受，经受，承担，n.看台；摊子；立场 I just cant stand the cold.我受不了那么冷。 The stands were packed.看台上座无虚席。 She was never afraid to take a stand.她总是勇于表明立场。美国传统 【思维拓展】 It stands to reason that.理所当然 take ones stand站在立场 take a firm stand on/over.对采取坚定的立场 stand by袖手旁观 stand back退后，靠后站 stand against反对 stand behind做后盾；支持 stand at attention/ease立正/稍息 stand for代表，象征 stand out突出，出色 注意：stand作“忍受，经受，承担”讲时，后面常跟名词、代词、v.ing 形式作宾语。,即景活用,I want to leave now.I cant _ nothing useful here. Astand to do Bstand doing Cstand being done Dstand to be doing 解析：句意“我现在就要离开。我不忍心在这里无所事事。”考查 cant stand to do.“不忍心”和cant stand(v.ing)“受不了 ”用法。 答案：A 6destroy v摧毁，毁坏(某物)，杀死，人道毁灭。 The explosion destroyed several homes. 爆炸毁掉了好几个家庭。美国传统 Theyve destroyed all the evidence. 他们销毁了一切证据。,【轻巧辨析】 damage/destroy/ruin/harm/hurt (1)damage“损坏；破坏；损毁(使失去价值)” (2)destroy“破坏；摧毁；毁灭”，指完全彻底的破坏。 (3)ruin除了有damage的一般用法外，还可表示“使破产；糟蹋掉” 的意思。 (4)harm用作动词时常表示对身体的“伤害；危害”。用作名词时，可 构成短语do harm to，表示的范围更广。 (5)hurt“使身体/感情受伤害”。,即景活用,Finally，the police caught me _ a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin，and I was ordered to see a psychiatrist(心理医生) Adestroying Busing Cstealing Demptying 解析：catch sb. destroying.“抓住某人破坏”。 答案：A,经 典 短 语,1think of.as.把当作；认为是 I think of him as a kind man who is ready to help others. 我认为他是个乐于助人的好心人。 I think of him as someone who will always help me. 我觉得他是一个随时会帮助我的人。剑桥高阶 【思维拓展】 类似的短语有： look on.as. regard.as. accept.as. consider.as. treat.as. take.as. recognize.as.,即景活用,_ the best football player，he was welcomed by many fans. ARegarding as BRegarded as CBeing regarded DRegarded to 解析：句意为：他被认为是最好的球星，受到很多球迷的欢迎。 regard.as.把看作，认为是。 答案：B 2because of因为；由于 The train was delayed because of bad weather. 火车由于恶劣天气而延误了。剑桥高阶 I said nothing about it，because of his wifes being there. 因为他妻子在那里，我对此什么也没说。 【特别提醒】 because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词；because是连词， 后跟从句。,【轻巧辨析】 because of/owing to/due to/on account of/thanks to 这五个短语都有“由于”“因为”的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不 可接从句。 (1)because of意为“由于，因为”,强调因果关系，在句中一般作状语。 (2)owing to与because of一样，也强调因果关系，作表语或状语。 (3)due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表语、状语。作状语时与 owing to同义，但due to一般不置于句首。 (4)on account of与because of,owing to同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、 表语。 (5)thanks to只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思，“幸亏”，也可用于讽 刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。,即景活用,Liu Xiang gave up the competition because of his injury. The game was cancelled owing to heavy rain. The teams success was largely due to her efforts. It was a great success thanks to a lot of hard work. 3put off推迟；关上(灯、无线电等)；使不高兴 Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today. 今天能干的事决不能拖到明天。 Dont forget to put off the light. 别忘了关灯。 You have to work long hours and that puts off a lot of people. 不得不加班，这让很多人非常反感。剑桥高阶,【思维拓展】 put forward提出；建议；把向前拨 put aside节省，储蓄，储存 put back放回；拨回 put down写下，记下；击败，平定 put in打断，插话 put on上演；穿上，戴上 put out熄灭，扑灭 put through接通电话 put up举起，张贴，公布；接待，供膳宿 put up with忍受，忍耐,即景活用,完成句子 They were all against the suggestion that the meeting _ till next week. Aput off Bbe put off Cis to put off Dshould put off 解析：句意：“他们都反对将会议推迟到下周的提议。”thatclause是 同位语从句，它受suggestion的制约，要用虚拟语气，故答案是B(D不是 被动式)。 答案：B,重 要 句 型,How about.？怎么样？ How/What about going for a walk?,【思维拓展】 How/What about.？常用来征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议。about后 接名词、代词或v.ing形式。 How do you find/like.？你认为怎么样？用来询问对某事的感觉， 即喜欢或不喜欢。 Whats . like？用来询问人或事物的特征，即人的外貌或品德，以及 天气状况。 How is sb./sth.？用来询问人的身体状况或事情的状况。 How are the children? Theyre fine.,即景活用,How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? Ato take Btake Ctaking Dto be taking 解析：How about(doing)sth.？表示“怎么样？” 答案：C,高 考 经 典 解 读,【例1】 All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information in a more effective way. (2009北京，28) Apresenting Bpresented Cbeing presented Dto present 【解题方法指导】 此处用不定式短语作目的状语。句意：他们所有 人都想借助工作区的力量用一种更有效的方式来呈现信息。 答案：D,教材原文对照,Pop art (from the word “popular”) was an important modern art movement that aimed to show ordinary twentiethcentury city life. (P33),【例2】 There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.(2009浙江，7) Aindicate Bindicating Cto indicate Dto be indicating 【解题方法指导】 本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。此处为现在分词 短语在句中作后置定语，修饰evidence，二者之间为主谓关系。 答案：B,教材原文对照,Cubist artists painted objects and people,with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time. (P33),推理判断题题型攻略 此题型要求考生纵览全文，在汇集全文提供的各项信息的基础上，进行正确的逻辑推理，推断作者的情感态度，人物的动机、目的、性格特征，事件的前因后果以及作者写作的手法。此类题属于深层理解题,要把握这类题，必须透彻理解全文，认真探究句意，注意逻辑关系及有关的生活常识。考生做题时一定要整体理解语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去把握作者的“弦外之音”。 做推断题时，不能只注意表象，而要究其本质，要从文章本身的内容出发，认真分析词、句及段落间的逻辑关系。推断题一般包括两大类：(1)暗指题，即作者的言外之意，一般只能从字里行间获得信息；(2)推理题，必须从语段出发，以事实为依据，但得出的结论又绝对不是文章中所给出的事实本身。 具体题型有：细节推理题、因果推理题、人物性格、观点推理题、猜测想象推理题、写作意图推理题等。,设题方式 1.It can be inferred/concluded that _. 2.Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage? 3.In which of the following publications would this passage most likely be printed? 4.The passage implies，but doesnt directly state that _. 5.The author suggests that _. 6.Whats the authors attitude toward _？ 7.The author probably feels that _. 8.The author uses the examples of.to show that _.,【典例1】 Outside her shabby cottage，old Mrs.Tailor was hanging out laundry on a wire line，unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move.They were determined to find out if she really was a witch. They watched as she took a broomstick to clean the dirt from her stone steps.But，much to their disappointment，she did not mount the broomstick and take flight.Suddenly，the old ladys work was interrupted by the cackling of her hena signal that an egg had been laid in the warm nest on top of the haystack. The old broomstick was put aside as she hobbled off towards the haystack followed by Sooty，a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap some time back.With only three legs，it was hard for Sooty to keep up with the old lady.The cat provided proofthe children were sure that only a witch would own a black cat with three legs.,There，standing on a wooden box，was Mrs.Tailor，stretching out to gather her precious egg.Taking the egg in one of her hands，she began to climb down when，without warning，the box broke and the old lady fell. “We have to go and help her，”whispered Amy. “What if it is a trick？”replied Ben. “Dont be silly，Ben.If she were a witch，she would have turned us into frogs already，”reasoned Meg.“Come on Amy，lets go.”The girls climbed down the tree and ran all the way to the haystack. Approaching carefully，they could see a wound on the old ladys face.She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken.“Go and get Dad，”Amy yelled to her brother.“Tell him about the accident.” The boys did not need another excuse to leave.They ran as fast as they could for help，hoping that Mrs.Tailor would not wake and turn the girls into frogs. (2009江西卷，A篇),【注】 男孩们不需要另外的理由离开，他们尽快地跑去求助，希望Mrs.Tailor不要醒来把女孩们变成青蛙。句中hoping that.into frogs作伴 随状语。 1Ben did not rush to help Mrs.Tailor because_. A.he thought that she could be tricking them Bhe knew that they should not have been in the tree Che did not see the old lady fall down Dhe was afraid of the threelegged cat 2Which of these old sayings best suits the storys lesson for us? AMake hay while the sun shines. BNever judge a book by its cover. CPeople in glasshouses should not throw stones. DA bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 答案：1.A 2.B,点拨：1题是推理判断题，从文中描述可知，Ben认为Mrs.Tailor是一个巫师，他认为可能是Mrs.Tailor在使诡计，所以在两个女孩子前去救助时，他依然没有奔向前去帮助Mrs.Tailor。2题也是推理判断题，通读全文可知，作者想告诉我们的是别以貌取人或仅从事物表面来判断事物。 【典例2】 For years we have been told that encouraging a childs selfrespect is important to his or her success in life.But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect.Praiseaholic_kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval from friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car. he implication(含义)of saying “You are the prettiest girl in class，” or talking about the goals she succeeds but not her overall effort，is that you love her only when she looks the best，scores the highest or achieves the most.And this carries over to the classroom.,Social psychologist Carrol Dweck，phD，tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was at Columbia University.She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart” “Praising attributes(品质)or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality and it devalues effort，so children are afraid to take challenges，” says Dweck，now at Stanford University, “They figure theyd better quit while theyre ahead.” 63We can infer from the passage that _. Apraise for efforts should be more encouraged Bpraise for results works better than praise for efforts Cpraising a childs achievements benefits his or her success in life Dpraising a childs abilities encourages him or her to take on challenges,解析：从第三段She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”可知。 答案：A,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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