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HowtoEnlargeYourVocabulary,ByMarissaChi,TwoWaystogo,I.throughtheAffixationandtheRootII.throughthecontext,Theroot,1.词根是一个独立的单词1）Tractn.trkt1.(土地、水域、矿藏等的)一片，大片；地带；地域2.主美国西部方言住宅区；居民点3.【解剖学、动物学】道；系统n.1.(宗教或政治)宣传手册；传单；小册子2.古语论文Extractdistract,port,含义是“搬运”export,import,deport(驱逐出境)form,含义是“形”uniform,transform,reform,deformgram,graph,含义是“书写，记录”telegram,autograph,photographpress,含义是“压，压制”pressure,express,impressionmiss,mit,含义是“派遣，送”mission,dismiss,transmit,missile,2.词根非独立单词，“Tox”毒药,1)toxicanttksikntAdj.毒的；有毒的；中毒的N.1.【毒理学】毒药；毒物2.毒品；麻醉剂Intoxicationn.2)spec,spect,spitc,spis,含义是“看，视”inspect,spectator,conspicuous,respect3)struct,含义是“建筑，构造”structure,construct,instruct,destruction4)phon,含义是“声音”symphony,telephone,microphone5)fer,含义是“搬运，移转”ferry,transfer,TheAffixationsthatwevelearnedA.theprefix1.En-“使得”,Enableencloseentitleenforceenrollenlargeencourageencampensureenhance1.Theschoolwill_newstudentsinAugust.2.Thefootballfieldis_byawall.3.Abirdswing_ittoflyhighlyinthesky.4.Thewriter_hisbook“TheYoung”.5.I_hertoworkhardandtotryfortheexamagain.,2.Ex-e-ef-“外面/出去”,Exitexterior(interior)external(internal)export(import)exposeextractexclude(include)exclaimexchangeexpectextendexpressexploreemergeeducateelectEmitenormousevaluateEffect.thestoryofhowthepresshelped_thetruthabouttheNixonadministration.The_ofthehousewasfurnishedwithheavy,old-fashionedpieces房内陈设着些笨重、老式的家具,4.Fore-“前面/预先”,Beforeforecastforeheadforefatherforearmforebrainforefingerforefrontforeknowledge1.Itshardto_earthquakeaccurately.2.Allsoldiershadtofightfiercelyinthe_.3.Shepointtothesignwithher_.4.Whenwehaveafever,our_feelveryhot.Pro-,pre-,3.Extra-“额外的,在之外的”,Extraordinaryextra-violetCurriculumextracurricularExtrovert(introvert)extra-solarextramaritalextreme1.Wehavemany_activities.2.Humanbeingstrytoexplorethe_space.3.Thelittlegirlstemperis_.4.Wealwayscarryaumbrellatoprotectourskinfrombeinghurtby_.,5.Dis-“否定”,Dislikedishonestdisappeardiscouragedisarmdiscoverdismissdistractdischargediscountdisgustdisorderdisposedisputedissolve1.Thesuperpowersneveragreedto_2.Thisisa_betweenthesetwocountries.3.Ifyou_somethingfromyourmind,youstopthinkingaboutit.4.I_theproblemfrommymind.5.Hiscar_intothedarkness.6.Hisrudewordsarevery_.,6.Im-/In-表示“向内/进入”,importimmigrantimpressimposeimproveimpelimprisonimplicitimpulseimpactimplantindoorinnerinternalinteriorinsideincludeinferinsightinsistinspectinstructionintendinvadeinwardintensive(extensive)intimidateinvoiceFinesare_onretailerswhoselltobaccotominors.向未成年人销售烟草制品的零售商要被强制罚款Hewasamanofforcefulcharacter,withconsiderable_anddiplomaticskills.他是个性格坚强的人，有着非凡的洞察力和交际手腕。aninquiryintoallegationsof_duringlastweeksvote.一项对上周选举期间恐吓指控的调查。4.Hergracefulbehavior_mealot.,7.Un-表“否定”,UnableunacceptableunaccustomedunauthorizedUnavailableunavoidableunawareunbearableunbelievableuncertainunconventionaluncountableunrealunequalunfortunateunconditionalunofficialuneducateduncivilized,8.Super-表示“超级/过度”,Superbsuperficialsuperiorsupernaturalsuperpowersuper-girlSuperabundantsuperhighwaysupersonicsuperstarsupervisesupersensitiveSuperstructureTheeconomicbasedeterminesthe_.Ateamwassentto_theelectionsinNicaragua.一队人马被派去监督尼加拉瓜的选举。,9.Multi-表示“很多”,Multiplymultifunctionalmulti-mediamultilingualmulticulturalmultitudemultidirectionalmulti-cellularmulticoloredmultilateralmultimillionairemultinationalmultiracialThesecreaturescan_quickly.ManywanttoabandonthemultilateraltradetalksinGeneva.(CET-6)许多国家想要放弃在日内瓦的多边贸易会谈。,Post-表示“在后面/邮政”PostponepostwarpostgraduatePost-freepost-paidpostboxpostcardpostmanpostmarkpostmasterpostagePre-表示“前的/预先的”Preconditionpreschoolprematurebaby,B.Thesuffix1.ify+adj./n.=v.theprocessbywhichastate,quality,orconditionisbroughtabout.Eg.Simplify,beautify,Classify,purify,justify,intensify,terrify,glorify,identify,exemplify1.Theroomsstyle_theiridealofbeautyandpracticality.“2.Heattemptsto_hisconduct.3.Thefilm_warandviolence.4.Policehavealready_10murdersuspects.,2.ery/-ry,+n./adj.=n.agrouporcollectionof;thestateorcharacterof;eg.Bravery,machinery+v./n.=n.aplacewheresthhappensorismadeorreferringtoanactioneg.Bakery,robbery,Delivery,discovery,nursery,scenery,jewelry1.Pleaseallow28daysforthegoods_.2.Sheputsherbabyinthis_andthengoesbacktowork,3.ist+n./adj.=napersonbelievinginpracticing,concernedwith,ordoingthespecifiedaction.Eg.Marxist,socialist,violinist,Activist,terrorist,idealist,capitalist,biologist,novelist,artist1.ChinahaspledgedtoretainHongKongs_systemfor50years.2.OneAmericanwaskilledandthreewerewoundedin_attacks.3.Thepolicesaytheysuspecttheattackwascarriedoutbyanimalrights_.,4.ism+v./n./adj.=n.beliefs,behavior,actionsorceremonies.Eg.Socialism,criticism,terrorism,Heroism,racism,idealism,modernism,realism,romanticism1._isoppositetomaterialism.2.The_reflectedinthisnovelmadeiteasytoforgettheywerefiction.3.Thereisafeelingamongsomecoloredpeoplethatthelevelof_isdeclining.,5.-like+n.=adj.beingsimilar-ish+n.=adj.ofthenatureof-like/-ish+adj.=adj.havingasmallamountofthecharacteristicsorqualityeg.Foolish,longish,Animal-like,selfish,honey-like,boyish,yellowish,bookish1.Butthosewhohaveworkedforhimsaythatbeneaththe_exteriorheisextremelytough.2.IthinkIvebeenvery_.Ivebeenmainlyconcernedwithmyself.,6.ian+n./adj.=n.apersonwhosejoborhobbyinvolvesthethingreferredtobytheorinaln.eg.Mathematician,historian,Beautician,electrician,magician,musician,comedian,physician,technician,politician1.Ifyourstomachhassignsofbloating(胀),checkwithyour_insteadofyoursurgeon.2.My_saidthisstylemakesmelooksprofessional.,Introductiontosomeaffixations,1.Homo-表示“同类”hetero-异类/异种Homosexualhomocentric同中心的homogeneoushomograph同形异义字Heterosexualheterodoxy异教/邪说heterogeneous1.Heisa_nota_.2.Thegovernmentconsideredhisideasas_3.Thesetwospeciesare_.,2.Hyper-表示“超过/太多”,HyperactiveHypercriticalhypertension1.Theleaderisalways_tohissecretary.3.Onstage,shefelther_inhermind.5.Thelittleboyisvery_.,3.Im-/in-/il/ir/表示“否定/不/无/非,imbalancedimpossibleimpoliteimpartialimpassiveimpatientimperceptibleimperfectimpersonalimpracticalimproperimpureimmatureimmeasurableimmobileimmoralimmortalIncapableinvisibleinjusticeindifferentinacceptableinaccessibleinaccurateinactiveinapplicableinappropriateincoherentincomparableincompetentincompleteincomprehensibleinconclusiveinconsistentinconvenientincorrectincredibleincurableindefiniteindependentinefficient,4.Non-表示“不/非”,Nonsmokingnonexistentnonstopnon-profitnon-agriculturenon-alcoholicnon-destructivenondurablenonessentialnonmedicalnonprofessionalnonsensenon-significantnonstandardnontoxicnon-uniform不统一的nonviolent,5.Under-表示“在下面/不足/不”不够,undergroundunderestimateunderlineunderseaunderwearunderdevelopedundersizedunderageundergoundergraduateOneshouldnot_theinvestmentthisindustryrequires.Newrecruitshavebeen_traininginrecentweeks.,6.Over“越过/超过/过度”,overheadoverlookovernightoverseasovercoatoverpassoveractiveoveralloverloadoverchargeovercookedoverdooverdueovereatoverestimateoverjoyedoverpopulationoverproductionoversizeoverstate,7.Ultra-表示“极端/超出/超过,UltrapureultracleanultramodernultraliberalultraredUltravioletultrahighultrasound,8.Mono-表示“单个/一个”,MonologuedialoguemonarchmonogamymonopolymonotonousmonographmonolingualMonophonicmonorail,Introductiontoprefixation,1、名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker,debtor,actor,actress,democrat2)-acy,表示“性质，状态，境遇”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示“性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示“性质，状态，行为，过程”frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示“动作，性质，状态”possibility,flexibility,feasibility,6)-dom,表示“等级，领域，状态”freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示资格，身份,年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood,knighthood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程，结果，状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ity,表示“性质，状态，程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity灾难10)-ment,表示“行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument11)-ness,表示“性质，状态，程度”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness12)-ship,表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship,membership,friendship,14)-th,表示“动作，性质，过程，状态”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示“性质，状态，程度”latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示“行为，结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续)，17-grapy,表示“学，写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示“学法”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示“学论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示“学术”astronomy,economy,2、形容词后缀带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义,1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish是动词)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11）-less,表示否定，countless,stainless,wireless,3、动词后缀,1)-ize,ise,表示“做成，变成，化”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示“使成为，引起，使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示“使化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示“使，令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示“成为，处理，作用”separate,operate,indicate,4、副词后缀,(形容词)-ly：badbadly坏地/恶劣地，carefulcarefully小心地以ly结尾的不全是副词；friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,livelyadj.-wise：clockclockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)；likelikewise同样地-wards：outoutwards向外面地，northnorthwards向北方地,II.throughthecontext,略Bemature成熟点，稳重点不要遇见陌生w就紧张紧张就会不知所措，忘记本来会的东东，或者变得心浮气躁要calmdown沉着应对，瞻前顾后，看看w前后有没有相关人士跟着，再出手,
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