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第12课时Unit78（八下）,PARTONE,第一篇教材梳理篇,translation,translator,politely,impolite,pollution,pride,pronunciation,less,least,shut,dead,death,dying,Japanese,British,American,Australian,spelled/spelt,preparation,explanation,useful,used,European,twothirds,becoveredwith,ringup,goup,shakehands,cleanup,pickup,throwaway,startout,divideinto,dieoff,shutdown,beknownfor,indifferentways,inrecentyears,intotal,liveoff/liveon,drawonesattention,againandagain,abitof,agoodwayto,arecalled,iscoveredwith,allyearround,thethird-longest,covertwothirdsof,havebeenaskedto,on,thelargestcountry,withmoretreesthanyoucanimagine,hasdevelopedquickly,Tothesouthof,muchlarger,anyothercountry,called,By,mayreach,apopulationof,nodtheirheads,itsrudetopoint,mustbetreated,ourdutytoprotect,shakehands,populationn.人口【点拨】population的用法:,Chinahasapopulationofabout1.3billion.=ThepopulationofChinaisabout1.3billion.中国大约有十三亿人口。【巧学妙记】population的用法口诀:population指“人口”;提问它用what,不用howmany/howmuch;人口多用large,人口少用small;人口增加用grow,人口减少就用fall。,【典例】（1）2019原创Idontknow.A.whatthepopulationofShijiazhuangisB.whatisthepopulationofShijiazhuangC.howmuchisthepopulationofShijiazhuangD.howmanythepopulationinShijiazhuangare（2）ThepopulationofChinaismuchthanthatofEngland.A.largerB.largestC.moreD.large,A,A,（2）A人口的“多少”用large或small修饰。根据than可知,此处用比较级larger。故选A。,preparev.准备;预备【点拨】prepare的用法:,【典例】（1）2017贵港Canyoucometomypartythisevening?Sorry,Icant.Ihavetopreparemyexams.A.ofB.forC.aboutD.with（2）连词成句is,preparing,turkey,he,us,a.,B,Heispreparingusaturkey,pickup捡起;拿起;接（某人）【点拨】pickup是动副短语,当宾语是名词时,可置于up之前或之后;当宾语是代词时,要置于pick与up之间。Hepickedupawalletonthewaytopickinguphisdaughter.他在接他女儿的路上捡到一个钱包。【归纳】类似的动副短语:puton穿上putup举起takeoff脱掉takeout拿出takeaway拿走workout算出lookup查找useup用光,【典例】（1）2018湘西改编Look!Whatsontheground?Oh,itsmysweater.Please.A.pickitupB.putitonC.giveitoutD.takeitoff（2）2018河池改编Theboyhismoneytobuythebookbecauseheloveditverymuch.A.tookupB.gaveupC.pickedupD.usedup,A,D,（1）Apickup意为“拾起,捡起”;puton意为“穿上;增加”;giveout意为“发放”;takeoff意为“脱下;（飞机）起飞”。根据问句“看!地上是什么?”可知答句表示的是“哦,是我的毛衣。请把它捡起来”。故选A。,dividev.分开;分割【点拨】divide意为“分开;分割”,侧重把一个整体分成若干部分,常与into连用。Hedividedtheappleintofourparts.他把这个苹果分成了四份。【拓展】separate作动词时也有“分开;分离”之意,但separate侧重表示把原来连在一起或靠近的事物分割开,分开后的部分具有相对的独立性,常与介词from搭配。Heseparatedthebigapplesfromthesmallones.他把大苹果和小苹果分开了。【图解助记】,separatedivide,【典例】根据句意,用适当的介词填空Pleaseseparatethewhiteshirtthecoloredones.,from,attheend（of）/intheend/bytheendof,【典例】2019原创用attheendof,intheend或bytheendof填空（1）today,Ihavemadetwelvefriendsinmynewschool.（2）theroad,youllfindtherestaurantonyourlefthand.（3）,mysisterworkedoutthisproblem.,Bytheendof,Attheendof,Intheend,die/dead/dying/death,【典例】Mygrandpain2009.Hefornearly10years.Hismadeusverysad.（die）,died,hasbeendead,death,Eachstudentcouldcleanupabitoftheschoolyard.每个学生可以打扫校园的一小片地方。【点拨】（1）cleanup意为“把打扫干净”。（2）abitof修饰不可数名词,相当于alittle。【拓展】abit和alittle通常可互换使用,用来修饰形容词、副词或比较级;也可修饰动词,但要放在动词之后。【典例】ManyvolunteerswillhelptothecityparksnextFriday.A.giveupB.pickupC.cleanupD.putup,C,Wewouldfinishcleaninginanhour!我们将在一小时后打扫完!【点拨】finish是动词,意为“完成”,后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式作宾语。常用搭配:finish（doing）sth.意为“完成（做）某事”。【归纳】常见的后接v.-ing形式的动词:finish（完成）;avoid（避免）;miss（错过）;mind（介意）;enjoy（喜欢）;suggest（建议）;keep（一直）;practice（练习）【典例】2017重庆Daveisagoodboyandhealwaysfinisheshishomeworkontime.A.doB.didC.doesD.doing,D,Oceanscovertwothirdsoftheearthssurface.海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。【点拨】英语中分数由“基数词+序数词”构成,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。如:onefifth五分之一;twothirds三分之二。【注意】“二分之一”不能用a/onesecond表达,而要用a/onehalf表示;“四分之一”和“四分之三”常用aquarter和threequarters表示。【拓展】当“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与of后面的名词在人称和数上保持一致。Twothirdsofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我们班三分之二的学生是女生。Threequartersoftheinformationistrue.四分之三的信息是真实的。【典例】2018安顺Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere,Mr.Wang?Wonderful!ofthelandcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth;are,A,TheYangtzeRiverinChinaisthethird-longestriverintheworld.中国的长江是世界第三长河。【点拨】“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”表示“第几的”,如果表示“第一的”,则可以省略序数词first。TheYangtzeRiveristhe（first）longestriverinChina.长江是中国第一长河。,【典例】AmongthefourseasoffthecoastofChina,EastChinaSeaisthesecond.A.deepB.deeperC.deepestD.thedeepest,C,10C“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”表示“第几的”,根据句中的second可知其后用最高级,且不加定冠词the。故选C。,Ithinkitsourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.我认为保护环境是我们的职责。【点拨】“Itsonesdutyto”意为“是某人的职责/义务”,It为形式主语,动词不定式才是真正的主语。Asateacher,itsmydutytoprotectmystudents.作为一名教师,保护学生是我的职责。【典例】Itsourdutyourhometowncleanandbeautiful.Wemustdosomethingforit.A.keepingB.keepsC.tokeepD.forkeeping,C,11C根据句式结构“Itsonesdutytodosth.”可知选C。,.根据句意或首字母提示填空1.Theyregoingtotravelaandcommunicatewithpeoplefromallovertheworld.2.Withtheopeningofthetwo-childpolicy,thepofChinawillbecomelarger.3.Eatingtoomuchsaltitheriskofhighbloodpressure.4.Lindastayeduplateandpforthemathsexamlastnight.5.Keepthemuseumspacecleananddontthrowarubbish.6.Thecentralgovernmentpaysgreatatotheeconomicreform（改革）.7.Mymotherthinksitisawoftimetoplaycomputergames.8.Thereisanebottleonthedesk.Youcanfillitwithwater.9.Theteacherwilldusintofourgroupstoplaythenewgame.10.ItssaidthegameAngryBirdshasbeendownloadmillionstimes.,abroad,population,increases,prepared,away,attention,waste,empty,divide,of,.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Itmightseemmoredifficulttospeak（polite）thandirectly,nothurtingothers.2.Your（spell）isntgood.Youmustwriteclearly.3.Mybrotherwaswatchingthe（India）filmDangal（摔跤吧!爸爸）whenIphonedhimyesterday.4.Helen（nod）withasmilewhenshemetme.5.Russia,anEastern（Europe）country,waschosentobethehostofthe2018FIFAWorldCup.,politely,spelling,Indian,nodded,European,6.IreadEnglishaloudeverymorningtoimprovemy（pronounce）.7.Two（three）ofthestudentsinourclassarefromthenorthofChina.8.Livingagreenlifecanhelpreduce（pollute）.9.Aftershefinished（read）thestory,Alicewroteareviewforherschoolnewspaper.10.Onthemorningof8May,2018,anairhostesswasfound（die）inZhengzhou.,pronunciation,thirds,pollution,reading,dead,.连词成句1.environment,last,an,we,club,week,joined.2.pollution,can,what,do,to,you,stop?3.throw,those,dont,bottles,away.4.is,our,duty,to,it,the,clean,keep,earth.5.work,to,less,make,together,lets,pollution.,Wejoinedanenvironmentclublastweek,Whatcanyoudotostoppollution,Dontthrowawaythosebottles,Itisourdutytokeeptheearthclean,Letsworktogethertomakelesspollution,
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