高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础训练41

江苏金湖县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础训练阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse.Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。1The first paragraph is mainly about_.Athe introductions of driving skillsBthe damage of drinking to your bodyCthe effect of drinking on drivingDthe process of alcohol being absorbed答案：C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故C项正确。2The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”Aalcohol BabsorptionCblood Dprocess答案：D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，D项正确。3Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ADrinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.BAlcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.CHaving a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.D50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B项正确。4A driver suspected of drink driving_.Ashould provide specimens for testingBwill be forbidden to drive for 3 yearsCwill be punished for 10 drivingoffence pointsDshould pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000答案：A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A项正确。2016高考英语-阅读理解训练。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。The British MuseumDescription: The British Museum is a museum in London, which is one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. Its collections, which number more than 13 million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present.The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the following two and a half centuries was largely a result of an expanding British colonial footprint and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions. Until 1997, when the British Library （previously centered on the Round Reading Room）moved to a new site, the British Museum housed both a national museum of antiquities and a national library in the same building. The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored（赞助）by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Since 2002 the director of the museum has been Neil MacGregor.Admission and opening hours:The museum is open every day from 10am to 6pm （Fridays 10am to 5:30pm）and it charges no admission fee, except for loan exhibitions.How to get there:By train: 7:00-18:30 every day. By Underground: 8:00-18:30 every day. By bus: 7:30-18:30 every day. By coach: 7:00-19:30 every day. Nearest underground stations: Tottenham Court Road （500m） Holborn （500m） Russell Square （800m）33. When was the British Museum opened to the public for the first time? A. In 1753. B. In 1759. C. In 1997. D. In 2002.34. You are at the Museum at seven in the evening and you want to go back to Oxford. Which means of transportation will you choose?A. By coach. B. By bus. C. By train. D. By underground.35. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the text? A. The British Museum has collected more than 13 million objects. B. The British Museum is open from 10 am to 6 pm every day. C. The British Museum is a great museum of human history and culture. D. The British Museums expansion in the past was mainly because of an expanding British colonial footprint.参考答案3335、BAB 时闻型阅读理解-(一)LONDONA British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake(假冒的) bomb detectors (探测器) to 10 years in prison, saying the man hadnt cared about potentially deadly consequences.It is believed that James McCormick got about $77. 8 million from the sales of his detectorswhich were based on a kind of golf ball finderto countries including Iraq, Belgium and Saudi Arabia.McCormick, 57, was convicted(判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London.“Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people，” Judge Richard Hone told McCormick.“You have neither regret，nor shame，nor any sense of guilt.”The detectors，sold for up to $42，000 each，were said to be able to find such dangerous objects as bombs under water and from the air. But in fact they “lacked any grounding in science” and were of no use.McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya，the prison service in Hong Kong，the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand.“I never had any bad results from customers，” he said.1Why was McCormick sentenced to prison?AHe sold bombs.BHe caused death of people.CHe made detectors.DHe cheated in business. 2According to the judge, what McCormick had done _. A. increased the cost of safeguardingB. lowered peoples guard against dangerC. changed peoples idea of social securityD. caused innocent people to commit crimes3McCormick sold his detectors to the following countries EXCEPT_A. Egypt BKenya C. Thailand DKorea4Which of the following is TRUE of the detectors? A. They have not been sold to Africa.B. They have caused many serious problems.C. They can find dangerous objects in water.D. They dont function on the basis of science.5It can be inferred from the passage that McCormick _A. sold the equipment at a low priceB. was wellknown in most countriesC. did not think he had committed the crimeD. had not got such huge profit as mentioned in the text(一)【要点综述】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章叙述了英国法官审判了一位商人，他有出售假冒炸弹探测器的犯罪行为。但这名犯罪嫌疑人根本没有意识到他的行为给社会带来的危害。1D细节理解题。根据第一段“A British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake (假冒的) bomb detectors (探测器) to 10 years in prison”以及“McCormick, 57, was convicted (判罪) of cheats last month”可知，McCormick被判处欺诈罪。故可以判断选D。2B推理判断题。根据第四段“Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people”可知选B。3D细节理解题。由倒数第二段可得出答案。4D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“But in fact they lacked any grounding in science and were of no use.”可知，事实上它们“没有任何科学根据”，是没有用的。可以判断选D。5C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya, the prison service in Hong Kong, the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand.”及最后一段可知，麦考密克曾在法庭上说，他出售自己的探测器给肯尼亚警察、香港监狱、埃及的军队和泰国的边境管制处， 而且他从来没有从客户那里听到任何不好的结果。故可以推断出他根本没有认识到他的罪行。故选C。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-ARedheaded birthday boy Jake Balcom, newly 11, walked into the principals office at Centennial Lane Elementary School in Ellicott City ready for his big surprise. His name had been announced over the loudspeaker moments earlier. Today was going to be special.Back in the daylike, before fifth grade Jakes parents would bring cupcakes to school in his honor. But this year, for the first time, his Howard County school has forbidden parents from bringing “edible treats” for students birthdays. That means no more cupcakes, brownies, chocolate chip cookies, birthday cake, ice cream, Rice Krispies treats or pizza. Instead, Jake got a handshake from Principal Robert Bruce and a colorful pencil and a card.“We hope that you have a terrific birthday,” the card read.Jake just smiled, and went back to class.Centennial Lane is part of a movement across the Washington area and the country to take the battle against childhood obesity to one of educations most beloved functions: the school party. But some are worried that the fight is going one step too farand taking some of the fun out of being a kid.Schools, where many children eat two of their days meals, are being pushed to the front lines of the battle against kiddy bulge. A federal law requires schools to create wellness policies that encourage students to be more active and eat more healthfully. Some schools in Virginia have started exercise clubs. In Maryland, schools are cracking down on vending-machine junk food.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), the proportion of overweight children ages 6 to 11 has skyrocketed in recent decades, from 7 percent in 1980 to 16 percent in 2002. Among 12 to 19-year-olds, the rate of obesity more than tripled, from 5 percent to 16 percent. Health officials have called obesity a pandemic (流行病).At Centennial Lane, the principal said some parents have complained about the schools new policy, and others have adapted by bringing in nonfood treatssuch as rulers or erasers.Jake Balcom said he missed bringing treats to school. But he wasnt too bothered by their absence because he had celebrated his birthday with friends. They went to see the movie “Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit” and shared his birthday cake at his house.1. What is Jake Balcoms reaction to his gifts for his 11-year-old birthday from his school ? A. He felt puzzled by the gifts quite different from the former ones. B. He almost felt the same as before because he had celebrated his birthday with friends. C. He preferred chocolate chip cookies, birthday cake, ice cream than pencils and cards. D. He would rather have a birthday party than a handshake from the principal. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第四段 “Jake just smiled, and went back to class.”和最后一段 “But he wasnt too bothered by their absence because he had celebrated his birthday with friends.” 可知，答案为B。 2. The underlined phrase “kiddy bulge” (in Paragraph 6 ) means “_”. A. parents gifts B. childrnes parties C. kids overweight D. childrens exercises 答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义推测题。结合该词所在的下文 “that encourage students to be more active and eat more healthfully. Some schools in Virginia have started exercise clubs. In Maryland, schools are cracking down on vending-machine junk food.” 和下一段的首句 “the proportion of overweight children ages 6 to 11 .” 可知，答案为C。 3. Which of the following is TURE according to the passage?A. Parents all agree that the fight against childhood obesity is going too far. B.According to CDCP, the proportion of overweight children has had a tendency of increasing. C. For this years Halloween party, kids can enjoy what they like as usual. D. Jake Balcom is a primary school pupil in fourth grade. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由倒数第三段的数据 “from 7 percent in 1980 to 16 percent in 2002. Among 12 to 19-year-olds, the rate of obesity more than tripled, from 5 percent to 16 percent.” 可知，肥胖儿童的比例已经呈现增长趋势，故答案B正确。由第五段 “ to take the battle against childhood obesity to one of educations most beloved functions: the school party. But some are worried that the fight is going one step too farand taking some of the fun out of being a kid.” 可知，选项A错误。由第二段 “That means no more cupcakes, brownies, chocolate chip cookies, birthday cake, ice cream, Rice Krispies treats or pizza. Instead, Jake got a handshake from Principal Robert Bruce and a colorful pencil and a card.” 可知，选项C错误。由第二段首句 “Back in the daylike, before fifth grade Jakes parents would bring cupcakes to school in his honor.” 可推理，五年级之前的四年级，父母会带cupcakes到学校，可见Jake Balcom现在应该是五年级的学生了。故选项D错误。4. Which of the following is the measure taken by the Centennial Lane Elementary School? A. Starting exercise clubs. B. Cracking down on vending-machine junk food. C. Forbidding parents from taking the food to the school. D. Taking all the fun out of being a kid. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。题干对Centennial Lane Elementary School所采取的措施提问。由第二段 “has forbidden parents from bringing “edible treats” for students birthdays.” 和第五段 “Centennial Lane is part of a movement ”可知，C选项正确。由第六段 “Some schools in Virginia have started exercise clubs. In Maryland, schools are cracking down on vending-machine junk food.” 可知，选项A，B错误。第五段最后一句话提到 “But some are worried that the fight is going one step too farand taking some of the fun out of being a kid.” ，故选项D错误。2013课标全国卷Given that many peoples moods (情绪) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapores Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates. Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levis and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.The CRFs produce is “green”， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Serieswith Sichuan pepper, red bean (豆), cheese and other flavorsalso does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate_snobs,_who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.1、What is good about chocolate?A. It serves as a suitable gift.B. It works as an effective medicine.C. It helps improve the state of mind.D. It strengthens business relations.2、Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?A. He knows the importance of research.B. He learns from shops of similar types.C. He has the support of many big names.D. He has a lot of marketing experience.3、Which line of the CRF produce sells best?A. The Connoisseur Series.B. The Exotic Series.C. The Alcohol Series.D. The Sichuan Series.4、The underlined words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who _.A. are particular about chocolateB. know little about cocoa beansC. look down upon othersD. like to try new flavors文章大意本文介绍了Singapores Chocolate Research Facility的一些情况。1、C。考查细节理解。由第一段第一句中的“Given that many peoples moods (情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate.”可知，巧克力能改善人们的情绪，故本题选C。2、D。考查推理判断。由第二段中的“thats because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department.”可知本题选D。3、C。考查细节理解。由最后一段第一句“The CRFs produce is green， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.”可知本题选C。4、A。考查推理判断。根据画线部分后的定语从句“who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others”可知，chocolate snobs是指那些对巧克力非常熟悉的人，故可推断出他们也是对巧克力比较挑剔的人。A项中的be particular about意为“对挑剔”。