高考英语二轮复习 第2部分 专题5 点石成金 谋取书面表达

点石成金 谋取书面表达【考前思索】我在写书面表达前是否先列提纲？我是否先写好初稿，然后再修改、定稿？写作文时，我会注意语法使用，尤其是时态的使用是否正确？我会尽量避开生僻的词汇和没有把握的表达方法吗？我会运用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑吗？我是否熟练掌握了各类应用文体的格式？我能否确保在高考前背诵三、四十篇优秀的书面表达范文？【高分细则】第五档(很好，2125分)作文评分标准：1完全完成了试题规定的任务。2覆盖所有内容要点。3应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致，具备较强的语言运用能力。5有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6完全达到了预期的写作目的。第一讲提纲类与应用文案例一求助信(2016高考全国乙卷)假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教Ms Jenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version：Dear Ms Jenkins，Im writing to ask you for help.Im applying for a parttime job in a overseasfunded corporation.I think itll be a new challenge to me.Moreover，by doing the parttime job I can get some precious experience so that I can better adapt to the development and changes of society.Ive already written the application and resume.But Im afraid that there are some mistakes about the words and format.So I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.Id appreciate it if you could do me a favor.Yours sincerely，Li Hua一句多译表达方式一：Whats more，doing the parttime job can let me gain some precious experience and help me better adapt to the development and changes of society.表达方式二：Besides，I can obtain some precious experience from the parttime job，which also makes me better adapt to the development and changes of society.表达方式一：Therefore，I have to put you to trouble by correcting my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.表达方式二：So I cant help but bother you to modify my material attached to my letter.表达方式一：Id be very grateful if you could do me a favor.表达方式二：Ill thank you for helping me.写作思路1审题：(1)人称：以第一人称为主；(2)时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主；(3)体裁：书信类应用文求助信。2写作要点：本试题只给了信件的大致内容，具体的细节需要考生自己发挥，因此它是一篇半开放性的作文。信中可包含以下三方面的内容：(1)写信目的；(2)做兼职的好处；(3)请外教修改所附材料的文字和格式。阅卷人如是说1本文完全符合书信体的格式要求，且结构严谨，层次分明，给人以醒目之感。文章开头直入主题，交待了写信的原因；中间分层次地阐述了求助的背景；结尾表达了自己真诚的谢意。2文章有大量的采分亮点。使用高级词汇及短语，如：precious，adapt to，resume，attach to等。采用了较高级的句式，如：by doing the parttime job，have no choice but to等。moreover等过渡性连接词。高频词汇、句型背诵1一定要背下来的词汇addicted adj.入迷的，上瘾的；disadvantage adj.不利条件，缺点；acquire vt.获得，得到；anxiety n忧虑，担心；bear vt.忍受；on account of 因为，由于；bother sb.to do麻烦某人做；lose ones confidence/patience失去信心/耐心2一定要背下来的套用句型I am writing to ask you to do me a favor.我写信向你求助。I have some difficulty in doing .我在做方面有困难。What bothers me is that I dont know what to do.困扰我的事情是我不知道做什么。I wonder how to deal with the problem.我想知道如何解决这个问题。Im eager to get your timely help.我渴望得到你及时的帮助。Facing/Faced with so many difficulties，I had to turn to the teacher for help.面对如此多的问题，我不得不向老师求助。Ill be very grateful if you could do me a favor and .如果你能帮助我我会非常感激。(2016郑州八校联考)假如你是杨梅，你将和你的一名同学代表学校参加所在城市举办的英语演讲，但是你信心不足，你的叔叔是演讲方面的专家，请你给他写一份求助信，表达期望得到他帮助的意愿并准备于周六去拜访他。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version：Dear Uncle，How are you？Next week an English speaking contest will be held in our city.One of my classmates and I will take part in it on behalf of my school.I am excited but also nervous，because it is a good chance to improve my English.But I have no experience.Although I have been preparing for the contest，Im still not confident.As an expert in English，what should you advise me to prepare for the contest?I plan to pay a visit to you this Saturday morning.I wonder whether youll be free then.If not，could you tell me the time that is convenient for you？Im eager to get your instruction.Ill appreciate any of your help.Your niece，Yang Mei案例二道歉信(2016高考全国丙卷)假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1表示歉意；2说明原因；3另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version：Dear Bob，I am sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and select books. If it is convenient for you，lets meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.Yours，Li Hua阅卷人如是说1范文覆盖所有内容要点，“再次相约”部分，情节适当发挥，情真意切。如：点题致歉(I am sorry to say that.)；解释不能赴约的原因(I have just found that.)；另约时间(Shall we go.？)。2范文运用了较多的语法结构和词汇。如：宾语从句that I cannot go to the bookstore.；宾语从句that I have to attend.；so that引导的目的状语从句等。3范文部分使用了较高级词汇，展示了较强的语言运用能力。如使用了convenient，available等高级词汇，增加了文章的亮点。高频词汇、句型背诵1一定要背下来的词汇apologize v道歉forgive v原谅inconvenience n不便appointment n约定oversight n疏忽make up弥补2一定要背下来的套用句型(1)I am writing to apologize for ./I am writing to say sorry for .我写这封信是因道歉。(2)I would like to give you my apology for .对于我向你道歉。(3)I express my regret at being unable to do .对未能做，我表示遗憾。(4)Please accept my sincere apology for .关于，请接受我真诚的道歉。(5)Please forgive me for a stupid choice of words.请原谅我说话欠妥。(6)I owe you an apology.我向您道歉。(7)Please accept my apologies for my oversight.请原谅我的疏忽。(8)I feel awfully sorry about it and want you to know what happened.为此我感到非常内疚，所以想告诉你实情。(9)I sincerely hope you can understand that I offended you unintentionally.我真心希望您能理解，我并非有意冒犯您。(10)We assure you that such a matter will never happen again.我们向您保证，此类事件不会再发生。假定你是李华，你的外教Wilson明天下午要做一个关于“互联网(Internet Plus)”的讲座，你因故不能参加，请根据以下要点给他写一封100词左右的电子邮件。1表达歉意；2解释原因；3询问是否有讲座的相关资料。 One possible version：Dear Wilson，I am writing to apologize for not being able to attend your lecture tomorrow afternoon，which is on Internet Plus.The reason for my being absent is that my mother is seriously ill. So I will take her to hospital tomorrow since my father is on a business trip for an urgent matter. I will care for my mother. To be frank，I am extremely interested in the topic of Internet Plus. Therefore，it is really a pity that I will miss it. I wonder if there are any relevant materials of the lecture. If so，I can learn it myself when it is convenient.Wish your lecture a great success.Yours，Li Hua案例三普通书信(2016高考全国甲卷)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：1主题：环境保护；2展览时间；3投稿邮箱：intlphotoshowgmschool.com.注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version：Dear Peter，Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show.The theme of the show is environmental protection.It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks.Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.I know you take good pictures and youve always wanted to do something for environmental protection.I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want to join，you can send your photos to intlphotoshowgmschool.com.Hope to hear from you soon.Yours，Li Hua阅卷人如是说1范文覆盖所有内容要点，且“邀请Peter参展”，有适当发挥。如：举办国际中学生摄影展(hold an International High School Student Photography Show)；摄影展的主题(the theme of the show)；请Peter提供作品(this is surely a good chance.)。2范文应用了较多的语法结构。如：宾语从句you showed me some photos on that theme；the last time引导时间状语从句；if引导的条件状语从句。3范文尽量使用了较高级词汇，具备了较强的语言运用能力。如使用了theme，participate等高级词汇，增加了文章的得分点。高频词汇、句型背诵1一定要背下来的词汇dear adj.亲爱的inform v通知receive v收到 reply n回复regard n尊敬，喜爱 faithfully adv.忠实地truly adv.忠实地，诚实地 sincerely adv.真诚地2一定要背下来的套用句型(1)Havent seen you for ages.Glad to hear from you.好久不见了，很高兴收到你的来信。(2)Your letter came to me this morning.我今天早上收到了你的来信。(3)Im writing to ask if you can come next month.我写信询问你下个月能不能来。(4)There is nothing happier to me than to receive your letter.再也没有比收到你的来信更让我开心的了。(5)Ive been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion，you should .我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该(6)Please remember me to your whole family.代我向你的家人问好。(7)Give my best regards/wishes to your mother.请代我向你的母亲表示良好的祝愿。(8)Wish you a pleasant journey.祝你旅途愉快。(9)Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.期待与你会面。(10)Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.盼望能尽快收到你的回信。(2016湖北襄阳市模拟)假如你是李华，前几天你收到网友Jim的来信，询问你的高三生活，你打算在回信中介绍以下三个方面的内容：1生活安排；2学习计划；3理想的大学及专业。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的格式已为你写好。Dear Jim， Yours sincerely，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear Jim，Im very glad to receive your letter，in which you asked me about my life of Senior 3.To tell you the truth，I am really engaged in my exams and homework.Therefore，I need to balance my study and life in order to make it colorful and meaningful.There is no doubt that doing sports every day may build up my body.Besides，communicating with teachers，parents and friends can be of great help to reduce my pressure.As for my study，Ive made a practical plan to follow strictly.I should also overcome my shyness to consult the teachers if there is something making me confused.Whats more，to improve English is the most urgent thing because I have to make a solid foundation for my dream universityFudan University，where I would like to major in English.I really hope that my dream will come true through my perseverance and diligence.Best wishes!Yours sincerely，Li Hua【名师点评】范文生动、流畅，体现了作者驾驭高级句式的能力。范文的亮点主要表现在以下几个方面：1加入必要的连接词和过渡词以使行文连贯。如：To tell you the truth，Therefore，Besides，As for my study，Whats more等。2高级表达I am really engaged in，in order to make it colorful and meaningful，There is no doubt that，build up，be of great help，make me confused，make a solid foundation for，through my perseverance and diligence等的使用大大地提升了文章的得分档次。3将学生习作中的两个简单句“Im very glad to receive your letter.You asked me about my life of Senior 3.”用in which连接为复合句。in which的加入使文章结构更加紧凑。总之，范文要点齐全，句式多样，篇章结构完整，且使用了较多高级表达，得分在第五档。案例四电子邮件(2015高考天津卷)假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。 1自我介绍；2拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等； 3询问对方的其他需求。注意：1词数不少于100；2请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇： 学生会the Student Union Dear Chris， Yours，Li JinOne possible version：Dear Chris，How is everything going? I am Li Jin，president of the Student Union from Chenguang Middle School.Now I am writing an email to tell you something about our donated books.We will go to take part in the summer camp held by your school this July，which makes us very excited.At the same time，we are going to bring along about five hundred books with us for your class.Most of them are about Chinese and some about Chinese cooking as well.I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but help enhance your Chinese.By the way，if you need any other kind of books，please do tell me.Yours，Li Jin阅卷人如是说本篇范文既紧扣了所有的写作内容要点，又进行了适当的扩展发挥，做到了要点齐全，结构清晰，详略得当。首段进行自我介绍，并点明写信目的；主体段落描述捐赠图书的具体情况，如图书的类型、册数、用途等；末段简单询问对方其他的需求；另外，一些高级词汇，如donated，enhance，take part in，bring along，as well，(be)familiar with等；复杂句式，如非谓语动词held by .作后置定语，which引导的非限制性定语从句，以及Most of them are about .and some about .中省略的使用，均体现了作者较高的语言驾驭能力。高频词汇、句型背诵1一定要背下来的词汇enquire v询问inform v通知date v始于 confirm v确认check v查收 reply n回复response n回答 attachment n附件undeliverable adj.无法投递的 in detail详细地junk mail垃圾邮件 mail account邮件账户Carbon Copy/CC抄送2一定要背下来的套用句型(1)I have received your email(yesterday/last week/this morning .)我(昨天/上周/今天早上)收到了你的电子邮件。(2)Your email has been received.你的邮件已收到。(3)May I have your reply by April 1，if possible?如果可能，我可否在4月1日前收到你的答复呢？(4)I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience.请在方便时尽早回信，非常感激。(5)Would you please forward this information on to the other students?你能把这条信息转发给其他同学吗？(6)If necessary，we can arrange a facetoface discussion sometime this week.如果有必要，本周我们可以安排一次面谈。(7)Enclosed are two photos of the applicant.随信附上申请人的两张照片。(8)Attached are the minutes of the meeting.会议记录见附件。假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom将来你家共度除夕，你打算当天下午去地铁站接他。请你用英文写一封电子邮件，告知他相关信息。你们全家都欢迎他。1接他的时间和地点：2月18日下午4点，地铁四号线中关村站西北出口；2晚上的主要安排：看春晚、包饺子、放鞭炮。注意：1词数不少于100。2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Dear Tom，How is it going? Yours sincerely，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear Tom，How is it going? Im excited to hear that you will come to China to spend the Chinese New Years Eve. My family expects your arrival so much. And be glad to tell you the arrangements during your visit in Beijing in advance.I will meet you at 4 oclock on the afternoon of February 18th. You can arrive at northwestern entrance of Zhongguancun Station of Subway Line 4. If you have some trouble in finding the right way，you can seek help from the subway staff or ring me up directly. After you arrive，we will have various traditional activities，such as watching the Spring Festival Gala，making dumplings，and setting off firecrackers，all of which will drop you into a strong atmosphere of festival. In addition，there are also a series of interesting games we can play together for entertainment.I am eager to see you and I hope you will enjoy the festival with my family.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【试题分析】本篇书面表达属于书信体写作，根据题目要求和提示信息把细致的安排在信中表达清楚。写作时注意以下几点：(1)仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。(2)严格按照题目要求与提示信息，把主要内容表达清楚；严格遵守书信体格式，称呼，开头，主体和结尾；本文写作时应按时间顺序。(3)根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。(4)注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。【名师点评】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。that you will come to China to spend the Chinese New Years Eve.是宾语从句；all of which will drop you into a strong atmosphere of festival.是all of which引导的定语从句，使用了be excited to do sth.，I am glad to tell you，have some troubles in doing，set off等短语，使文章更富有文采；还使用了After you arrive，In addition，等连词和短语，使文章结构更有层次，也使语言更连贯。案例五建议信(2014高考安徽卷)为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEARTTOHEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。内容要点如下：1表示理解并给予安慰；2提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.词数120左右；2信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；3信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：temper n脾气，情绪Hi Worried，Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment. Yours，JamieOne possible version：Hi Worried，Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong，so you dont have to worry so much.The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.Here are three useful tips：First，talk to someone you trust about how you feel.This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.Second，go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.And third，remain optimistic about your future.Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.I hope youll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.Yours，Jamie阅卷人如是说本文全面呈现了考题要求的内容，且结构清晰，详略得当。另外，又进行了适当的扩展发挥。考生在行文的过程中，恰当地运用了多种复合句(如表语从句、状语从句等)、祈使句、非谓语动词，并且在文尾表达了自己的希望，这些无不体现了考生对英语的驾驭能力。高频词汇、句型背诵1一定要背下来的词汇mention v提到situation n情况；形势furthermore adv.此外meanwhile adv.同时discussion n讨论proposal n建议advise v建议suggest v建议wise adj.明智的in my opinion在我看来2一定要背下来的套用句型(1)The focus of the complaint is .抱怨的焦点在于(2)Im writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about .我就我们已经讨论的关于的问题写信给你。(3)Ive been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion，you should .我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该(4)In the last letter you wrote that .and I hope .上一封信里你写道，我希望(5)Im writing to you to know what is going on with .我写信给你是想了解一下怎么样了。(6)You have asked me for my advice with regard to .，and I will try to make some constructive suggestions.就一事你曾征询过我的意见，我会尽量给你提出一些有建设性的建议。(7)However，to you，I highly recommend .但是对你而言，我强烈推荐(8)To slove this problem，in my opinion .为了解决这一问题，我的看法是(9)As to the problem you mentioned in the last letter，here are my suggestions.至于你上次信中提到的问题，以下是我提供的建议。(10)My suggestions are as follows.我的建议如下。假如你是李华，最近你的美国朋友杰里(Jerry)来信说他的一个室友经常看电子书到深夜，有时看到有趣的地方还发出笑声，导致他无法入睡，他很苦恼不知道该如何解决这个问题。请你给他写一封信，提出你的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jerry，Thank you for your trust in me. I understand you are