2018届英语语法填空题备考技巧

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2018高考英语语法填空解备考技巧一、对于这一题型的简要分析:1. 在一篇200词左右的短文或对话中留出10个空,部分空白处的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。 2. 全国新课标卷2014-2016年高考语法填空题短文特点:类别体裁题材或短文内容2014年课标卷I夹叙夹议以凯霍加河的治理说明看似不可能的事情其实也是可能的2014年课标卷II记叙文叙述一次乘公交见闻:陌生男子拾到箱子骑车追赶到下一站2015年课标卷I记叙文记叙从香港来到桂林阳朔旅游的日记2015年课标卷II说明文介绍美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人的土坯房2016年课标卷I记叙文描述作者与熊猫结下的不解之缘2016年课标卷II议论文作者就如何解决工作中的压力,给出了几种实用的减压方式2016年课标卷III说明文介绍筷子及其发展史二、语法填空题型分析与应试技巧:总体上分为两大类:1. 横线后有提示词 2. 横线后没有提示词有提示词则要求使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,主要考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词(V-ing、-ed分词、to do 形式)、形容词和副词的比较等级、词性转换这四种情况。1. 括号中给出动词 主要考查动词时态(一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时等),以及几种常见时态的被动语态或非谓语动词. (1) 考查时态或语态 步骤:第一步分析句子结构,确定是否缺谓语。若缺谓语动词则考查动词的时态或语态。 第二步看主语与谓语之间是主动还是被动关系,然后确定主动语态还是被动语态,同时根据语境分析使用哪种时态。第三步注意主谓一致考查。(2)考查非谓语动词 前提是句中已经有谓语,且横线后给出的动词没有连词连接情况下。V-ing形式 表“主动或进行的动作” -ed 分词 表“被动或完成的动作”to do 形式 表“目的或是将发生的动作”如果括号里的单词是动词,则看句子的主语是人还是物。若主语是人,则通常用现在分词(即用动词的ing形式);若主语是物,则通常用过去分词(常考不规则动词的过去分词)。但如果括号里的单词是表示人心情状态的动词,若主语是人,则在这个词后面加ed;若主语是物,则在这个词后面加ing。练习:1.That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _ (close) my book and walked away.2.Three people _(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.3. Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I_(leave) my book in the caf. (2015,安徽)4.Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period oftime, (37)_(think) that all animals are used to living outdoors.5.If (42) _(leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.6.Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is(45)_(interest).7.After I said hi to my angry father and 21_(tire) uncle.解析:1.由连词and 判断,decline, close 与walk 是三个并列的谓语,故考查时态,填closed 2. 此处while 并列连词,表“然而”可知前后是个单句。从were treated 可知为一般过去时。People 与take之间为动宾关系,填were taken 3.根据句意,可知在到意识到之前就已把书落下了,故过去的过去。填had left.4.句子不缺谓语(即动词),且owners(主人)与think(认为)是主动关系,故用动词的现在分词thinking表主动,答案为:thinking。5. If从句省略了主语(当主从句两个句子主语相同时,常省略从句主语),补充完整为:If dogs and cats are leftalone outside 狗和猫是被主人留在室外,故用被动语态 be + 动词的过去分词。但英语中为了避免重复啰嗦,省去了dogs and cats,此时直接用动词leave的过去分词left表dogs and cats与leave是被动关系,答案为:left。6. it代指this story(主语是物),应用interesting(令人感兴趣的),interested感兴趣的,应是某人对某物/人感兴趣。此句译为:不管这个故事是真还是假,它真地令人感兴趣,答案为:interesting。7. tiring 令人疲惫的,tired 疲惫的,应是生气的父亲和疲惫的叔叔,填:tired。考点分类总结:1. 冠词:看后面的名词有没有加s,没加s表泛指用a、an;表特指用the。横线后有单词most/top,用the表示形容词或副词的最高级。theother表两个人、物中的另一个。序数词前面要用the。(the top floor 最顶层)2. 名词:用括号里所给单词的复数形式,多数直接加s。3. 词性:形容词修饰名词,即adj + n;副词修饰动词,即v + adv,副词常常放在动词后面,有时也放在动词前面。如果是一个句子,也用括号里所给单词的副词形式,即副词修饰句子。副词修饰形容词,即adv + adj。4. 时态: 找连词and/but,如果and/but前面的动词用一般过去时,后面的动词也用一般过去时。5. 语态:被动语态和主动语态。若主语是人,则用现在分词(即用动词的ing形式);若主语是物,则用过去分词。6. 代词(人称代词和反身代词):如果前面出现的单词后面再次出现/提到,用作主语时,单数用it,复数用they;用作宾语时,单数用it,复数用them。(his/her/their)反身代词如:herself/himself/themselves/yourselves.有时也考不定代词:others 其它的.7. 连词:表并列用and, 表转折用but,表因果用because(因为)/so(因此)。如遇见 _,直接用however。短文改错通常将and与but互换。其它考试连词:as正如/whether是否/until直到8. 引导词:常考定语从句,先行词指人,用who/that;先行词指物,用which/that;先行词指时间,用when;先行词指地点,用where;先行词指原因,用why;先行词即有人又有物,用that。若无先行词,找从句有无动词do/did/need或介词about/with等。若有,句子缺宾语,用what;若无,用that。引导词在从句中一般作主语,看be动词前有无主语。若无(定语从句),则用who/which;若有(状语从句),则用when/where/because。句子不缺任何成分时,引导词也用that。9. 介词搭配总结:(1)with表伴随,译为“随着”;用;和,同。如随着经济的发展:withthe development of economy;这个老师面带笑容走进了教室: The teacher came in the classroom, withsmiling.固定搭配:help sb withsth 帮助某人做某事He wrote his name withhis left hand. 他用左手写自己的名字。(2)in:用;在.里;在.方面inthe room 在房间里;speak inEnglish 用英语说;in this way 用这种方式;He does well inEnglish. 在英语方面,他学得很好。(3)of .的,如:He is a friend ofme. 他是我的一个朋友。Of + 名词 = 形容词,如:of use = useful 有用的(4)from:阻止;来自;从如:stop sb fromdoing sth 阻止某人做某事 =keep sb fromdoing sth;keep sb doingsth 让某人一直做某事fromA toB,从A到B(5)for:为(表目的);因为(表原因);对于如:sell works formoney 为了钱把作品卖掉;thank you foryour help 谢谢你的帮助It is easy forme to solve the problem. 对我来说,解决这个问题很容易。It must have rained, forthe ground is wet.一定下过雨,因为地面是湿的。(此处for为连词,起解释说明的作用。)(6)like:prep.像(用于举例);v.喜欢I know they call it a lot of fancy names,16_upright(正直的)and straightforward(坦率的).答案:用介词like举例,此句译为:我知道他们称呼它(诚实)有许多好的名字,像正直、坦率之类的。(7)as:prep.作为(后接表人身份、职业的名词) conj.正如;当.时;由于Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (36) _they are.答案:用连词as正如,此句译为:有时主人会忘记他们的宠物正如他们一样,习惯待在温暖的庇护所里。I worked 16_a volunteer at Stanford Hospital.答案:用介词as作为,此句译为:我作为一名志愿者在斯坦福医院工作。(8)before:在.之前;after 在.之后(可作连词、介词)(9)about:prep.关于;大约10. 非谓语结构(动词现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式)形容词、enough后接动词不定式to do,如:Im glad to seeyou here. 或 Nice to meetyou.Youre old enough to goto school.I learned a very important lesson from my father:24_(respect) time and never be late to get someone.解析:此处考点是非谓语:动词现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式,而and后用的be, 不是was/were,只有动词不定式to +动原,故答案为:To respect。【注】过去分词的作用:(1)表被动;(2)表完成;(3)既表被动又表完成。With the problem8_(solve),I felt proud of my achievement.解析:problem与solve是被动关系,因为问题是被解决,故用动词solve的过去分词solved表被动, 答案为:solved。Compared with the 9_(escape)driver, I was proud of what I did.(改错)解析:全句译为:与已逃走的司机相比较,我对我做的事感到自豪。我是被拿来与司机比较,用过去分词compared表被动;司机已逃离现场,应用过去分词escaped表动作已完成,答案为escaped。 including sth 包括 .= sth included . 被包括在其中There will be five people for dinner, _ (include) you and me.There will be five people for dinner, you and me _ (include).解析:今晚有5人吃饭,包括你和我,或你和我被包括在其中。故第一题用include的现在分词including表主动,第二题用include的过去分词included表被动。 need/require doingsth = need/require to be done需要做The house requires painting. 这房子需要刷漆。= The house requires to be painted.(同need的用法) have/make/get sth done使某事被做We have madehadgot the TV repaired.我们已经请人把电视机修好了。I had my hair cutat the barbersaround the corner.我已经在角落的那个理发店把头发理了。(过去分词表被动、完成)11. 主谓一致:动名词、动词不定式和句子作主语,谓语均用单数。Choosingwhat you read and doing it by yourself 7_(mean)that its something you do by and for yourself.解析:动名词作主语,不管是1个还是2个,谓语均用单数,答案为:means。此句译为:选择你读的东西并自己独自去做,这就意味着你亲自去做了某件事或为自己去做了某件事。12. 形容词或副词的比较级和最高级:比较级的标志是than,考题通常为看见句中有形容词或副词的比较级,用than;看见句中有than,用括号里所给的形容词或副词的比较级形式。The + 比较级,the + 比较级. 越.越.如:The more, the better. 越多越好。形容词或副词的最高级前一定要加the,或加人称代词。13. 情态动词:must 非要,一定(考得较少)语法填空识记单词:1.appear:v.出现(appearance)n.外貌;出现2.give - gave- given 给3.think - thought- thought 认为thought:n.思想,想法(thoughtful)adj.深思的;体贴的4.leave - left- (left)留下5.close:adj.近的 (closely)adv.近6.tradition:n.传统 (traditional) adj.传统的nutrition:n.营养 (nutritional) adj.有营养的nature:n.自然 (natural) adj. 自然的person:n.个人 (personal)adj.个人的(personally)adv.就个人而言7.happy:adj.高兴的 (happiness) n.幸福 (happier) adj.更高兴的 (happier为happy的比较级,be happy with. 对.满意)8.color:n.颜色,彩色 (colorful) adj.彩色的care:n.护理 (careful) adj.小心的 (carefully) adv. 小心use:n.用处 (useful)adj.有用的wonder:v.想知道;n.奇迹 (wonderful)adj.精彩的(wonderfully) adv.极好地9.luck:n.运气 (lucky)adj.幸运的 (luckily) adv.幸运的是 (unluckily) adv.不幸运的是(but提示)10.fortune:n.运气 (fortunately) adv.幸运的是 (misfortune)n.不幸(unfortunately) adv.不幸运的是(but提示)11.eat:v.吃 (eating)(为eat的动名词) n.吃eat - ate- eaten12.call:v.把.称为 (called) (为call的过去分词)13.grow - grew - grown 生长 (growth) n.生长14.especial:adj.尤其的,特殊的 (especially) adv.尤其15.sell - (sold) 卖; buy - (bought) 买16.main:adj.主要的 (mainly) adv.主要17.educate:v.教育 (education) n.教育18.feel - (felt) 感到;fall - (fell) 落下19.practice:v./n.练习 (practically) adv. 实际上20.recover:v.恢复 (recovery) n.痊愈21.survive:v.幸存 (survival)n.幸存 (survivor)n.幸存者22.understand - understood - understood理解 (misunderstand) 误解23.(responsible) adj.有责任感的 (responsibility)n.责任感 be responsible for 对.负责24. able:adj.有能力的 (ability) n.能力25. honest:adj.诚实的 (honestly) adv.诚实地 (honesty)n.诚实26. fool:v.愚弄;n.傻瓜 (foolish) adj.愚蠢的27. dead:adj.死的 (deadly) adj. 致命的28. tell - told- told 告诉;sell - (sold)29. avail:v.有益 (available) adj.可利用的reason:n.原因 (reasonable) adj. 合情合理的30.please:v.使.高兴;请 (pleased)adj. 高兴的(pleasure)n.愉悦 (pleasant)adj.令人愉快的31. accept:v.接受 (acceptance) n.认可,接受32. win - won赢;differ:v.不同 - (different) adj.不同的33. break - broke- broken 打碎34. wear - (wore) - worn穿tear - (tore) - torn:v.撕破;流泪 n.眼泪35. loss:n.损失 lose:v.丢失;迷失 lost:adj.迷路的;丢失的36. wood:n.木材 (woody) adj.木质的37. regular:adj.有规律的,定期的 (regularly) adv.定期38. possible:adj.可能的 (possibly) adv.可能地 probable:adj.可能的 (probably) adv.可能地terrible:adj.可怕的 (terribly) adv.可怕地simple:adj.简单的 (simply) adv.简直;简单地39. surprise:n.惊喜;v.使吃惊 (surprisingly) adv.惊人地increase:v.增加 (increasingly) adv. 日益增加地40.actual:adj.实际的 (actually) adv.实际上41.sudden:adj.突然的 (suddenly) adv.突然42.fall- (fell) - fallen 落下43.build - built - (built) 修建 (rebuild:v.重建)44.slow:adj.慢的;v.减慢 (slowly) adv.慢地45.blood:n.血液 (bleed) v.流血46.effect:n.效果 (affect) v.影响 have an effect onsb 对.有影响47.perform:v.表演 (performer) n.表演者 performancen.表演48.decide:v.决定 (decision) n.决定49.contribute:v.贡献 (contribution)n.奉献(to)50.develop:v.发展 (development)n.发展(with)51.assist:v.帮助 (assistant)n.助手52.arrive:v.到达 (arrival)n.到达53.late:adj.晚的;adv.晚地 (lately)adv.最近(latest)adj.最新的【注】late,lately,later,latter,latest的区别(1) lateA. 形容词迟的,晚的I was late for school. 我上学迟到了。I was ten minutes late. 我迟到了十分钟。晚期的, 末期的 in the late afternoon 在下午较晚的时候,傍晚in the late sixties 六十年代后期in the late 1990s/1990s 在二十世纪九十年代末期He began the work in late May. 他在五月底开始这项工作。It is never too late to mend. 谚语 改过不嫌晚。已故的;前任的the late government 上届政府a late president 一位已故的总统She was an admirer of the late president. 她钦佩前总统。新的 some late news 一些新消息B. 副词迟地,晚地Better latethan never. 谚语 迟做总比不做好。I got up late. 我起晚了。 late in autumn 在深秋新近,最近I saw him as late as yesterday. 直到昨天我还看见过他。(2)laterA. 副词后来。可单独使用,用于过去时或将来时。Later the boy found his mother. 后来那个男孩找到了他的妈妈。See you later. 再见!回头见!.之后。可放在时间段后,只用于过去时。He arrived in London on Monday, two days laterhe left for New York.他星期一到了伦敦,两天后他出发去纽约。为late的比较级,意为“较晚地”。The big stores are open later on Thursdays. 每逢星期四大商店开门较晚。B. 形容词,为late的比较级,意为“较晚的”。the later comers 来的较晚的人(3)latestA. 形容词最新的 the latest news 最新的消息为late的最高级,译为“最晚的,最迟的”。the latest comer 来得最迟的人B. 副词,为late的最高级,译为“最晚地,最迟地”。come the earliest and leave the latest 来得最早,走得最晚C. 名词,译为“最新消息、时装”。Have you heard the latest about the war? 你听到有关战争的最新消息了吗?短语:at the latest 最迟I should be back by 11 oclock at the latest. 我最迟11点回来。(4)lately:副词,与recently同义,通常用于现在完成时,译为“最近、近来”。What have you been doing lately? 你最近在做什么?He came as lately as last week. 他最近在上周来过。(5)latter:adj.后面的,后者的(the former, the latter前者,后者)The latter pointis the most important.后面提及的那一点是最重要的。I prefer the former design to thelatter.比起后者的设计方案, 我更喜欢前者的。【练习】用latter, late, later, latest或lately填空。1.Better _ than never.2. Lets consider the question _.3. Of the two the _ is better than the former.4. Have you seen Peter _?5. Here is the _ issue of China Daily.6. The _ part of the text is the most important.【解析】1. Better latethan never. 谚语 迟做总比不做好。答案为late 迟地。2. 此句译为:让我们稍后考虑这个问题。答案为later较迟地。 3. 此句译为:这两个问题中,后者比前者更好。the former, the latter前者,后者为固定搭配,答案为latter。 4. 此句译为:你最近见过彼得吗? 答案为lately,最近。5. 此句译为:这是中国日报最新的期刊。答案为latest,最新的。 6. 此句译为:这个文本最后面的部分是最重要的。答案为late的最高级latest。54.deep:adj.深的;adv.深深地 (deeply)adv.深深地55.decorate:v.装饰 (decoration) n.装饰品56.difficult:adj.困难的 (difficulty)n.困难57.patience:n.耐心(patient) adj.有耐心的(impatient) adj.不耐心的(patiently) adv.有耐心地polite:adj.有礼貌的(impolite) adj.没礼貌的58. perfect:adj.完美的(perfection)n.完美 (imperfection) n.不完美59. hard:adj.努力的,困难的;adv.努力地 (hardly)adv.几乎不 hard work 繁重的工作;work hard努力地工作(动词短语)(1)It is very hard for me to studyEnglish better.要把英语学好对我来说是很困难的。(2) He is so excited that he can hardlysleep.他是如此地兴奋以至于他几乎不能入睡。60.find- found- found 发现,找到;found- founded - founded 成立详解:find意为“发现、找到”,为动词原形。found既是不规则动词find的过去式和过去分词,本身又是一个动词原形,意为“建立、成立、创办”。founded为动词found的过去式和过去分词。如:He has already foundhis watch. 他已经找到了手表。The school was foundedten years ago. 这所学校是十年前创办的。61.choose - chose - (chosen) 选择 shoot - shot- shot 射击shoot sb 击毙/中/伤某人;shoot atsb 瞄准某人62.repeat:v./n.重复 (repeatedly)adv.重复地63.behave:v.表现(behavior) n.行为(=behaviour)64.ill:adj.病的(illness) n.疾病65.convenient:adj.方便的 (convenience) n.便利66.press:v.按 (pressure) n.压力67.teach - taught - (taught) 教68.thank:v.感谢 (thankful)adj.感激的(thankfully) adv.感谢地69.moral:adj.道德的 (morality) n.道德70.home:n.家(homeless) adj.无家可归的end:n.结尾 (endless) adj.无穷无尽的hope:v.希望(hopeless)adj. 绝望的(hopeful)adj.有希望的71.flower:v.浇花;n.花(flowered) adj.花式的72.poor:adj.贫穷的 (poverty) n.贫穷73.music:n.音乐 (musician) n.音乐家(musical)adj.音乐的;n.音乐片74.fail:v.失败(failures) n.失败的事/人75.approximate:adj.大约的 (approximately) adv.大约76.active:adj.积极的 (activity) n.活动77.satisfy:v.使.满意 (satisfaction) n.满意(satisfying)adj.令人满意的(=satisfactory)(satisfied)adj.满意的(be satisfied with .)78.agree:v.同意(disagree) v.不赞成 (agreement)n.同意79.describe:v.描述(description) n.描述80.move:v.移动 (movement) n.移动81.expect:v.期望(unexpectedly) adv.出乎意料地82.angry:adj.生气的(anger) n.怒气83.condition:n.条件(unconditional) adj.无条件的;无限的84.laugh:v.笑 (laughter) n.笑(不可数)85.friendly:adj.友好的(friendliness) n.友好86.rely:v.依靠(reliable)adj.可靠的87.injure:v.伤害(injury)n.伤害88.advertise:v.做广告(advertisement)n.广告89.believe:v.相信( belief)n.信念(unbelievable)adj.难以置信的90.apologize:v.道歉(apology)n.道歉91.curious:adj.好奇的(curiosity)n.好奇心92.wait:v.等待(waiter)n.男服务员(waitress)n.女服务员act:v.扮演(actor)n.男演员(actress)n.女演员93.strong:adj.强壮的(strength) n.力量;长处,强项weak:adj.虚弱的(weakness)n.缺点(weaken)v.削弱(weakening)adj.弱化的94.impress:v.使印象深刻(impressive)adj.给人深刻印象的( impression)n.印象 (make/leavea deepimpression on sb 给某人留下深刻印象)95.achieve:v.实现;达到;完成(achievement)n.成就96.special:adj.特殊的(specialist)n.专家(specially)adv.特别地;尤其97.entertain:v.使欢乐(entertainment)n.娱乐98.humor:n.幽默(humorous)adj.幽默的99.fail:v.失败 (failure) n.失败100.vary:v.变化(various) adj.各种各样的(variety) n.多样性;种类(vary from A to B 从A到B变化;a variety of 各种各样的)【注】variety 多样性(不可数名词);种类(可数名词,复数为varieties)101.permit:v.允许,许可;n.许可证,执照 (permission) n.允许102.society:n.社会 (social) adj.社交的103.fly:v.飞(flight) n.航班104.success:n.成功(succeed)v.成功(successful)adj.成功的(successfully) adv.成功地105.drink - drank- drunk喝106.confident:adj.有信心的(confidence)n.信心107.conclude:v.下结论;结束(conclusion)n.结论108.glass:玻璃(不可数名词)(glasses)眼镜a glass of milk 一杯牛奶 two glassesof milk 两杯牛奶109.courage:n.勇气(courageous)adj.有勇气的encourage:v.鼓励 (encouragement) n.鼓励110.hide(v.藏) - hid- hid/hiddenforbid(v.禁止)- forbad/forbade- forbidden(forbidden adj.禁止的)111.reserve:v.预定;保留(reservations) n.保留意见;预定112.memory:n.记忆(memorize) v.记住113.count:v.数数(countless) adj.无数的114.intend:v.打算 (intended)adj.预期的 (intention) n.目的,意图intend/plan to do sth 打算做某事;intended goals 预期的目标115.legal:adj.合法的(illegally) adv.非法地116.globe:n.地球(global) adj.全球的语法填空识记短语:1.值得做.(1) be (well) worth doingsth.This book is well worth readingfor you.这本书非常值得你读。(用主动形式表被动含义)(2)be worthy to be done(3)be worthy of being doneThis book is well worthy of being read for you.= This book is well worthy to be readfor you.这本书非常值得你读。(用被动形式表被动含义)2. couldnt help doing sth 情不自禁得做.;couldnt help to do sth 不能帮助做.(1) We couldnt help laughing when we heard this funny story.当我们听到这个滑稽的故事时,我们都情不自禁地笑了。(2)I couldnt help you to do housework because Im busy with my study.我不能帮助你做家务,因为我忙于学习。3.name A after B:以B的名字为A命名Tom named his son after his father.汤姆以他父亲的名字为他的儿子取名。= His son was named after his father.(常用于被动语态)4. judge from/by . 由.判断(1) Dont judge a person by his appearance.不要以貌取人。(2)Judging fromhis accent, he must be an American.从他的口音判断,他一定是个美国佬。5. compare A with/to B:把A与B做比较;compare A to A:把A比作AComparedwith his room, my room is even smaller.与他的房间比,我的房间还小一点。(even/much + 比较级)6. break down (机器)出故障;(汽车)抛锚break out (战争、洪水、火灾)爆发 (不能用于被动语态)break into 破门而入,闯入7. deep, deeply的区别这两个副词的共同意思是“深”。其区别在于:(1)deep作“深深地”解,常用来修饰具体的或有形的动作或动作意义很强的分词; 而deeply作“深入地”“深刻地”解,通常用于引申的场合或比喻的意义,起增强语气的作用。例如:We went deepinto the jungle. 我们走进丛林深处。I deeplyregret your misfortune. 对你的不幸我深表遗憾。(2) 修饰形容词时习惯用deeply,不能用deep。例如:Im deeply sorryfor what has happened. 我对发生的事情深感遗憾。(3) 形容静止状态时只能用deep, 不能用deeply。例如:The ship sank deepinto the sea. 这船深沉海底。8.learn fromsb 向某人学习;learn a lesson 吸取经验教训;learn sth from sb 从某人那里学到.We should learn from each other. 我们应当相互学习。Try and learn from the failure. 要努力从失败中吸取经验教训。She needs to learn a lessonabout telling the truth.她要吸取教训才能说实话。We can learn a lot from talk shows. 我们可以从脱口秀中学到很多东西。9.asaresult/consequence结果(所以);as a result of 由于(因为)As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden.因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。He was late as a result ofthe snow. 由于大雪他迟到了。10.make up onesmind(有单复数之分)to dosth 下定决心做某事in ones opinion(无单复数之分) 在.看来11.It takes sb + 一段时间 + to do做某事花了某人多少时间12.be/become addictedtodoing sth 沉溺于.中He is addicted to drinking. 他嗜好喝酒。13.call on/uponsb to do sth 号召某人做.14.be based on/upon. 以.为基础/根据;建立在.的基础上(1)base on “以为根据”,用法应是 base A on B. 如: Edison based his ideas on scientific experiment.爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的。 You should base your opinion on facts. 你的意见都要以事实为根据。(2)be based on “以为根据”,用法是A be based on B What he said is based on fact. 他所说的话是以事实为根据的。 The story is based on real life. 那故事是根据现实生活而写的。 Some modern languages are based on Latin.在些现代语言是以拉丁文为基础的。15.get rid of.消除. 16.But aslife would have it 但是生活注定是难以捉摸17.以下to为介词:(后加名词/动词ing形式)the/a key tosuccess/succeeding 成功的关键;the/a path tosuccess 通向成功之路be/get used todoing sth 习惯做某事= be/get accustomed todoing sthin addition todoing sth 除了做.equal todoing sth (胜任)有能力做某事look forward todoing sth 盼望做某事 pay attention todoing sth 注意做某事devote . to doing sth 奉献去做某事make contributions todoing sth 为做贡献= contributetodoing sthobject todoing sth 反对做某事 refer todoing sth 提到做某事lead todoing sth 导致做某事stick todoing sth 坚持做某事get down todoing sth 开始认真做某事be/become addictedtodoing sth 沉溺于.中see todoing sth 注意做某事I must see to gettingthe dinner ready. 我必须注意把饭准备好。18. 以下to为不定式标志:(后加动原)cant wait to dosth 迫不及待做某事spare no efforts to dosth 不遗余力做某事make an effort/effortsto do sth 努力做某事try/do ones best to dosth 尽某人的最大努力去做某事= do all sb can to dosth 尽力做某事There is no time/chance to dosth 没时间/机会做某事It is no use (in) doingsth 做某事毫无意义have no choice but to dosth 除了做.之外没有其他的选择(表将去做)= have nothing to do but dosth= can do nothing but dosth (前带do后必省to, to为不定式标志)I want nothing but to borrowa magazine from you.He could do nothing but waitfor the bus to come.19.keep/stay + adj. 如:keep quiet保持安静;stay calm保持镇定20.To ones surprise/amazement/delight 让某人感到吃惊/高兴的是.21.(at) one time or another; one, the otherMost of my friends have cheated on tests in schoolat one time or another. 我的大多数朋友在学校测验时都曾经作过弊。22.It is possible/probable/likelythat:是可能的sb is likely(like) to do sth 某人可能做23.It occurred to sb that. 某人突然想起 .It occurred to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事It occurred to me thatI had not handed in my paper.我突然想起我还没有交论文。It didnt occur to him toask for help.他没想到请别人帮忙。24.avoid being done避免被.
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