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副词,1.副词概述,2.比较级和最高级的用法,3常用副词辨析,副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一类词。同形容词一样，也有比较等级的变化。,一.副词的分类,时间副词地点副词方式副词频度副词程度副词疑问副词关系副词连接副词,e.g.IllgotheretomorrowTomorrowisanotherday.omorrow,1.时间副词now,yesterday,today,tomorrow,before,ago,soon,immediately,lately等。,e.g.Irememberhavingseenhimsomewhere.Wehadameetinghereyesterday.,2.地点副词here,there,upstairs,downstairs,home,somewhere,in,out,off,outside,inside等,e.g.Shedancedbeautifully.TheyspeakEnglishwell.Hebehavedbadly.,3.方式副词slowly,well,badly,fast,hard,carefully,happily,quietly,heavily,warmly,correctly,politely,angrily等。,4.频度副词,e.g.Shesometimescomeslate.Hehasneverbeenlate.,always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等。,5.程度副词,e.g.Hedrivesverycarefully.Tinaisquitepretty.,very,quite,too,much,so等。,e.g.Whereareyougoing?Wherewereyouborn?,when,where,why,how等.,6.疑问副词,7.关系副词when,where,why,e.g.ThisistheplacewhereIfirstmether.,e.g.Doyourememberhowhecame?,8.连接副词when,where,why,how,状语,二.副词的句法功用,定语,表语,宾语补足语,e.g.Hereadveryfast.Luckily,JohnwasinwhenIcalled.,1.作状语在句子当中修饰动词，形容词，副词或句子。,e.g.Thespeakernowisabeautifulgirl.Thechairhereisveryhelpful.,2.作定语,少数的时间副词和地点副词在句子当中修饰名词和代词作定语。,e.g.Heisnotin.Imustbeoffnow.,3.作表语,副词跟在系动词后面作表语。,e.g.Isawyououtwithmysisterlastsaturday.Isawhimoffwithmyfriendtwodaysago.,4.作宾补,补充说明宾语的动作,行为,性质，状态等。,副词在句中的位置多变，可以放在句首、句中或句尾。而且，不同类别的副词的位置也不同，需要根据具体情况具体分析。,副词的位置,副词修饰形容词或副词时，一般前置。e.g.Thestudentsworkveryhard.Theroomisbigenoughtolivein.,在修饰形容词或副词时，enough作为副词常放在修饰词之后。但作为形容词修饰名词时，常放在名词前。eg：Idonthaveenoughmoneytobuythishouse.,注意,时间、地点副词放在句末或句首。eg：Theygotherejustnow.TomorrowImgoingtoattendameeting.,频度副词一般放在行为动词之前，系动词和情态动词和第一个助动词之后。eg:Wereneverlate.Heoftencomeslate.Therewashardlyacloudinthesky.,方式副词通常放在不及物动词之后，及物动词之前或宾语后，如果宾语过长，也可把副词放在动词与宾语之间。eg：Heworkshard.Hequietlylefttheroom.HespeaksEnglishverywell.Mr.Wangwrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.,副词比较等级的构成,规则变化,不规则变化,副词比较等级的用法,1.原级的用法(1)A+行为动词+as+副词原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”e.g.HespeaksEnglishaswellasaforeigner.Icanrunasfastashecan.,(2)A+行为动词+not+as/so+副词原级+asB.表示“A不如B”e.g.Hedoesntdrawaswellastheteacher.,2.比较级的用法,A+行为动词+副词比较级+than+Be.g.Maryrunsfasterthanme.Hegotupearliertodaythanyesterday.,3.最高级的用法A+行为动词+(the)副词最高级+in/of.,e.g.Johnrunsfastestinourteam.Ofallthestudentsinourclass,shewritesmostbeautifully.,要点一：常见副词的用法及辨析,Point1：very与much表示“很，非常”eg：Itsverynice.HespeaksEnglishverywell.Shesaidshewasmuchbetterthanbefore.IlikeEnglishverymuch.IlikeEnglishmuch.very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词用much或verymuch。,Point2：hard和hardlyeg：Hestudieshard.Stoneisveryhard.Hehardlystudies.hard作为副词，意为“猛烈地，辛苦地，努力地”；用作形容词，意为“困难的，坚硬的”；hardly表否定，意为“几乎不”。,Point3：too,also,either表示“也（不）”eg：Imfine,too.Chinesetake-awayfoodisalsopopular.Wealsohaveelevenplayersinateam.Wedontlikethesamecolour,either.too和also用于肯定句中，too常用语口语中，置于句末；also常用语书面语中，置于be动词之后，行为动词之前；either用于否定句句尾。频度副词Youareneverintheschool.Sheoftengetsupat9oclock.,Point4：toomuch和muchtootoomuch意为“太多，非常”，相当于形容词,常用来修饰不可数名词，也可单独使用。eg：Thereistoomuchiceontheroad,andyoumustbecareful.相当于名词eg：Toomuchwashappeningallatonce用作副词eg：Donteattoomuch.,toomuch和muchtoomuchtoo修饰形容词和副词的原级，意为“非常，及其”。eg：Itismuchtoohottoday.Youaredrivingmuchtoofast,Exercise1.Idontthinkthisshirtfitsher.Its_smallforher.A.muchtoo非常，太B.verymuchC.toomuch太多D.somuch2.Heeats_food,soheis_fat.A.muchtoo;toomuchB.muchtoo;toomanyC.toomuch;muchtooD.toomuch;manytoo,Point5：sometime,sometime,sometimes,sometimes频率副词有时候eg：Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweek.Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.sometime表示将来或过去的“某个时候”；sometime则指“一段时间”。,Point5：sometime,sometime,sometimes,sometimes,eg:Sometimes,Iknowwhatshesthinking.IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.sometimes指“有时候”；sometimes表示“倍数，次数”。,巧学妙记：sometimesometime分开“一段时间”,相聚“某个时候”；S连住是“有时”,分开“几次”、“几倍”行sometimessometime,Point6：howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar1.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Fortenyears.Since1991.howlong意为“多长时间”，就“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”提问，对howlong引起的问句也要用for或since引起的时间来回答。,2.Howsooncanyoufinishthework?Intwodays.howsoon意为“多久之后”，就“in”引起的将来的时间提问，对howsoon问句也要用“in”引起的表示将来的时间回答，howsoon问句是将来时态。,3.Howoftendoyouwatertheflowers?Onceaday.howoften意为“多长时间一次”，就频率提问，常用once/twice/threetimesaweek或everyfivedays等短语回答。4.Howfaristhat?Abouttenkilometres.howfar意为“多远”，就距离提问。,Exercisesometime,sometimes,sometimes,sometime某个时候有时次数一段时间1.Howoftendoyouwritetoyourfather？_sometimes_2.Whencanyoufinishthework？_sometime_nextmonth3.HowmanytimesdoyouwatchTVeveryweek？_sometimes_.4.HowlongcanIbeaway？_sometime_.,
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