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八年级(下) Units 56,中考基础知识梳理 类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.heavy(副词)_heavily_(反义词)_light_2sudden(副词)_suddenly_3strange(名词)陌生人_stranger_4wood(形容词)_wooden_5fall(形容词)落下的_fallen_(过去式)_fell_(过去分词)_fallen_6.ice(形容词)_icy_7silence(形容词)_silent_(形容词的近义词)_quiet_(反义词)_noise_(形容词的反义词)_noisy_8west(形容词)_western_9wife(对应词)_husband_10shine(合成词)阳光_sunshine_短语归纳1.(闹钟)发出响声_go_off_2进入梦乡；睡着_fall_asleep_3逐渐变弱；逐渐消失_die_down_4看一看_have_a_look_5前往；费力地前进_make_ones_way_6沉默；无声_in_silence_7拆除；往下拽；记录_take_down_8首先；最初_at_first_9.有点儿；稍微_a_little_bit_10代替；反而_instead_of_11变成_turninto_12从前once_upon_a_time_13爱上；喜欢上_fall_in_love_14结婚_get_married_15接电话_pick_up(the_phone)_句型再现1.暴风雨来临时你正在干什么？_What_were_you_doing_when the rainstorm came?2下暴雨时这个女孩在干什么？What was the girl doing _at_the_time_of_ the rainstorm?3外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。_With_no_light_outside_，it felt like midnight.4本的爸爸正在拿几块木板盖住窗户，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom _was_making_sure_ the flashlights and radio were working.5他和家人来到外面，发现社区一片狼藉。He went outside with his family and _found_the_neighborhood_in_a_mess_6她记得当时(自己)正在距离两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。She _remembers_working_ in her office near the two towers.7.我如此害怕，以至于从那以后我几乎不能清晰地思考。I was _so_scared_ that I could hardly_think_ clearly after that.8但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？But what could Yu Gong do _instead_of_moving_ the mountains?9但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。But _unless_ he can hide his tail，he cannot _turn_himself_into_ a man.10有一年天气太干旱，以至于粮食颗粒不长。One year，the weather was _so_dry_that_ no food would grow.11妻子告诉丈夫，除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉，否则全家人都将会死掉。The wife told her husband that unless he _left_the_children_to_die_ in the forest，the whole family would die.12你们一醒来就必须和爸爸去森林里。_As_soon_as_you_wake_up_，you must go to the forest with your father.语法结构1.过去进行时。2状语从句。话题1.Unforgettable events(难忘的事情)2Legends and stories(传说和故事)3Facts about the world(有关世界的事实),河北五年中考真题演练副词比较等级( B )1.(2013河北31题)Im sorry Im late.I should get here 10 minutes _.Aearly BearlierCthe earlier Dthe earliest( B )2.(2016河北37题)I cant tell the exact time.My watch goes a few minutes _Asooner BfasterClater Dlonger从属连词( A )3.(2014河北38题)Eric arrived on time，_ it was the rush hour.Aalthough BbecauseCwhile Dunless( A )4.(2013河北35题)Henry will give us a report as soon as he _.Aarrives BarrivedCis arriving Dwill arrive动词的时态( D )5.(2014河北44题)I saw Ken in the meeting room，he _ Joe for the school magazine.Ainterviews BinterviewedChas interviewed Dwas interviewing( D )6.(2013河北45题)The twins didnt go to the theatre，they _ the light music all night.Ahave enjoyed Bwill enjoyCare enjoying Dwere enjoying( C )7.(2012河北43题)Where were you this morning?I _ in the supermarket.Awill shop Bam shoppingCwas shopping Dhave shopped( D )8.(2015河北37题)I saw Jeff in the park.He _ on the grass and reading a book.Asits BsatCis sitting Dwas sitting,河北中考重难点突破 辨析sleep，sleeping，sleepy与asleep【满分点拨】sleep动词或名词睡觉go to sleep睡觉；入睡Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。I have a good sleep.我好好睡了一觉。sleeping形容词睡着的Please take a sleeping bag with you.请随身携带一个睡袋。sleepy形容词困倦的，想睡的She is always sleepy.她总是想睡觉。I feel very sleepy now.我现在昏昏欲睡。asleep表语形容词睡着的fall asleep睡着了The children have been asleep.孩子们已睡着了。He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了，立刻就睡着了。【考点抢测】sleep sleeping asleep sleepy1Dont make a noise，Grandpa is _sleeping_2I didnt sleep well last night，so Im feeling _sleepy_3Keep quiet，dont wake up the _sleeping_ baby.4I was too excited to go to _sleep_5The moment he lay down，he fell _asleep_( A )6.(2016石家庄质检一)Jim，be quiet.Father _ in his room.Ais sleeping Bwas sleepingCwill sleep Dhas slept( B )7.(2016河北一模)I drank too much coffee.Im wide _Aasleep BawakeChungry Dthirsty pick up接电话；拣起【满分点拨】pick up的用法(1)pick up意为“接电话；拣起”，还有“(用车)接人”的意思。(2)pick up是“动词副词”型短语，代词作宾语时必须放中间。若名词作宾语，既可以放在二者之间，也可以放在动词短语之后。【图解助记】【一言辨异】He picked up a wallet on the way to picking up daughter.他在接他女儿的路上拣到一个钱包。【考点抢测】( A )8.(2015湖州中考)Do you _ your son after school?No.He comes back home on the school bus.Apick up Blook afterCdrop in Dsend( A )9.(2016保定调研)He _ an empty bottle and put it into the rubbish bag.Apicked up Bthrew awayClooked for Dput down remind提醒；使想起【满分点拨】remind的三种结构remindremind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事I want to remind you of the rules for school parties.关于学校晚会，有几个规定我想提醒你们。remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter on the way to school.请提醒我在上学的路上把信寄了。remind(sb.)that从句提醒某人Passengers are reminded(that) no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。【考点抢测】( C )10.(2015张家口9中模拟)He _ me in time just as I would make the same mistake again.Areported BrepeatedCreminded Dremembered( D )11.(2015盐城中考)This photo reminded the old man _ the days when he was young.Awith Bfor Cby Dof( C )12.(2016自贡中考改编)Dear sister，does the TV show Dad Comes Back _ our father?Sure.Dad has been away for about ten years.Alet you down Bhelp you outCremind you of Dremind you to get married结婚【满分点拨】与marry有关的短语辨析词 汇意义及用法marry sb.娶某人，嫁给某人。be/get married“结婚”，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。be/get married to sb.与某人结婚，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。have been married (to sb.)已经(与某人)结婚，表示状态，跟“for时间段”。【温馨提示】表示“与某人结婚”用be/get married to sb.或marry sb.表达，不能用marry with sb.。【考点抢测】( B )13.(2015白银中考)She _ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.Amarried Bhas been marriedCgot married Dhas got married 辨析sound，noise与voice【满分点拨】 sound声音；响声大自然的任何声音。At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。noise噪音；喧闹声常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。Dont make any noise！别吵闹！The noise wakes me up！噪音吵醒了我！voice嗓音一般指人的声音。The girl has a beautiful voice.那个女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。【考点抢测】( C )14.(2015沧州8中模拟)On this show，your _ will be heard.Asound BnoiseCvoice Dsounds population的用法【满分点拨】population的用法：,population人口不可数名词对人口的数量进行提问时，常用what，而不用how much。 population作主语时，谓语用单数形式。 population和分数、百分数一起构成短语作主语，则谓语要用复数形式。 有形容词修饰时，其前可用a。 表示人口的“多/少”用large/small。What is the population of China?中国有多少人口？80% of the population in China are farmers.中国百分之八十的人口是农民。India has a large population.印度人口众多。巧学助记：巧记population的用法口诀population指“人口”；提问它用what，不用how many/how much；人口多用large，人口少用small；人口增加用grow，人口减少就用fall。【考点抢测】( A )15.(2015邯郸涉县一模)The population of China _ large.About four fifths of the population _ farmers.Ais；are Bare；isCare；are Dis；is( A )16.(2015绥化中考改编)_ the population of China?AWhats BHow muchCHow many DWhat are succeed的用法【满分点拨】辨析succeed，success与successful词条词性及词义用法succeedv.实现目标，成功succeed in doing sth.成功做某事successn.成功一般作不可数名词；当作“成功的人或事”讲时，是可数名词。successfuladj.成功的常用作表语，副词为successfully。Jim succeeded in getting through the forest.吉姆成功地穿过了那片森林。【考点抢测】( D )17.(2015三明中考)I have _ completed all the work.Congratulations!Asucceed BsuccessCsuccessful Dsuccessfully against prep.倚；碰；撞【满分点拨】against的用法(1)against介词，表示位置，意为“倚；靠着；顶着”等。常与动词连用。(2)be against意为“反对；违背；紧贴着”。【考点抢测】( C )18.(2015沧州14中模拟)Most people are _ building a paper factory near here.They are worried the river will get polluted.Afor Bwith Cagainst Dbeyond When you called，I was taking a shower.你打电话时，我正在沐浴。【满分点拨】when意为“当时候”，引导时间状语从句。在含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句和从句的动作都发生在将来，从句用一般现在时表示将来。when与while用法辨析 when和while都能引导时间状语从句，意为：当的时候when引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是延续性动词，这时可以和while换用。引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是非延续性动词，这时不能和while换用，从句中的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。while引导的从句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词，从句中的时态常用过去进行时。主从句动作若同时发生，则主从句都用进行时。 【归纳拓展】(1)while conj.意为“然而”，连接并列结构。(2)while n意为“一会儿”。She likes to lie down for a while after lunch.她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。【考点抢测】( A )19.(2015台州中考)I really enjoy Chinese food!Me，too.My mouth was watering _ I watched the TV program A Bite of China.Awhen Bbefore Csince Dafter( B )20.(2016石家庄初三质检一)Bob _ the plants while his father was cooking dinner.Awill water Bwas wateringCis watering Dhas watered( C )21.(2016石家庄42中模拟)When Jims mother came in，he _ his homework.Ais doing Bhas doneCwas doing Dhad donebeat【原句】when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows，当雨开始剧烈地敲打窗户的时候，【满分点拨】(1)用作动词，意为“击败；胜过；敲打”。如：We beat them yesterday.昨天我们打败了他们。Dont beat the desk.别敲桌子。(2)用作名词，意为“有规律的敲击声；节拍”。如：The doctor could hardly hear the beat of his heart.医生几乎听不到他的心跳。Everyone must follow the beat.人人都要紧跟拍子。beat与win的用法辨析beat“打败；战胜”，其后一般跟对手作宾语，还可以表示“(心脏等)跳动”或“打击”beat sb.(in the match)(比赛中)赢了某人win“获胜；赢得”，其后一般跟比赛项目、奖品或奖项等作宾语，也可以作不及物动词，表示“赢”的结果win the match赢了比赛【考点抢测】( C )22.(2015石家庄一模)Hongxing High School _ us 5 _3.They _ the match in the league.Abeat；to；beat Bwon；for；beatCbeat；to；won Dwon；for；won,河北中考考点精练.单项选择。( B )1.(2016威海中考改编)Their football team was_ in that important game.Awon BbeatenCfailed Dbeat( B )2.(2016湖北中考)The American warships(军舰) have appeared near South China Sea Islands again.We must let the Americans know clearly that the islands _ China.Acome from Bbelong to Ccare about Dbelieve in( B )3.(2016德州中考)Bill will be a/an_ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics.Aguest BreporterCtourist Dengineer( C )4.(2016黑龙江中考改编)Do you know Shanghai is one of _ in the world?Yes，its bigger than _ city in China.Athe biggest city；anyBthe biggest cities；anyCthe biggest cities；any otherDthe biggest city；any other( A )5.(2017原创预测)I think the best way to _ us against illness is to exercise more.Aprotect BstopCtake Dhave( D )6.(2017原创预测)On weekends，Mr.Smith often drives to the countryside to _ the fresh air there.Acome in Btakes inCtake off Dtake in( C )7.(2017原创预测)This room is _ that room.Aas three times big asBthree times as bigger asCthree times as big asDas big as three times( B )8.(2017原创预测)A number of volunteers_ willing to teach in Chinas rural areas.Yes，the number _ getting bigger and bigger.Ais；is Bare；isCis；are Dare；are ( B )9.(2017原创预测)Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me?Thank you.But I _ it already.Asaw Bhave seenCsee Dwill see.(2016九年级路北区一模)完形填空。Our son is my newest “Hockey(曲棍球) Hero”He plays goalkeeper on his small hometown ice hockey team. One weekend on match day，we arrived_1_ because of the bad traffic.We quickly found our seats and sat down.As I looked around，I_2_ we were sitting with a couple who had a disabled childwith only one leg.We could hear the _3_ in his voice when he shouted，“Mom，look! The goalie(守门员) is going to get the ball now！” Shamelessly，I listened to him and the excitement and joy in his voice as he praised the goalkeeper time and time again.During the_4_ ，we went and told our son what was truly happening in the bleachers(露天看台)，and he went up into the bleachers，introduced himself to the parents and sat next to that little kid.He started talking to him and before long the kid was _5_ our sons gloves and helmet(头盔)When the game was about to start again，my son told him to _6_ the game as he went back out on the ice.The small child was so excited that he kept telling his parents，“The goalie is my friend.He is so_7_ ！”_8_ the game，I saw my son talking to the coaches(教练) before leaving the ice.He then skated over towards us and motioned(打手势) to the boys dad to come _9_He then asked him to give the game ball to the little boy.Everyone sitting there had tears in their eyes and the biggest smiles on their faces.Needless to say we are very _10_ hockey parents and our son is our new hero!( B )1.A.together BlateCalone Dearly( C )2.A.remembered BthoughtCnoticed Dheard( D )3.A.love BworryCsadness Dexcitement( B )4.A.match BbreakCshout Dpraise( D )5.A.taking of Bbreaking intoCShowing off Dtrying on( C )6.A.like BfollowCenjoy Dorganize( D )7.A.crazy BpleasedCcalm Dnice( D )8.A.Before BDuringCWith DAfter ( C )9.A.forward BinCdown Dup( D )10.A.understanding BfamousCgood Dproud.阅读理解。Hover Camera(无人相机) Wang Mengqiu，the inventor of Hover Camera，was born in Hangzhou in 1982.He once studied at Stanford University in the United States.He became famous overnight(一夜成名)because of the invention. Forget selfie sticks(自拍杆)! Compared to other cameras，Hover Camera has many advantages. It can fly and stay in midair，track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture. It can be controlled by using a smartphone(智能手机) It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video. It is the best choice for weddings，sports games and holidays.Mr.Wang also said，“The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users.Its very light and small.It can be folded(折叠)in two，so it can be easily put into a bag.When the power is low，it can land on the ground safely on its own.” Its reported that the company has raised $25million to produce it.As it is still being tested(测试)，Hover Camera can be bought later this year.The price has not yet been decided.But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600.( B )1. Hover Camera can _Aswim in the water Bfly in the midair Cchange its weight Dbe used as a phone( B )2.The underlined word “track” means “_”Apull BfollowCpush Dshow( A )3.According to the passage，why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?AIts light and small.BIt can be folded in three.CIt doesnt need power.DOnly a smartphone can make it land.( D )4.Which is not mentioned in the passage?AHow can we buy Hover Camera?BWhen can we buy Hover Camera?CHow much is Hover Camera?DHow popular will Hover Camera be?( C )5.According to the passage，Wang Mengqiu is _Abrave BquietCcreative Dhumorous.(2016石家庄初中毕业生质检一)任务型阅读。I took a bag full of troubles back home.As I sat down on that hot evening，there was no way to solve those problems.So I picked up a book，sat in a comfortable chair and used my own special way to relax myselfsuperslow reading.Four hours passed.I_ only one page of personal history by Vincent Sheehanenjoying each sentence，or even each word，building a big picture in my mind.I enjoyed myself reading the book without noticing anything.I lost myself in the writers world.When I put it down finally，my mind was totally refreshed. Next morning，four words from the book“take the long view(从长计议)”were still in my mind.Sitting at my desk，I had a longview looking at my problems.I liked superslow reading very much because it gave me not only pleasure but also thoughts，and helped me in the daily life.I discovered its worth.I_realized_I_was_getting_much_from_superslow_reading.Sometimes just a word or a sentence caught my attention.I would read it slowly，study it，read it again，and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on.I was like a pianist studying a piece of music，trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer(作曲者)was trying to express.1题完成句子；2题在文中横线上填写一个恰当的单词；3题回答问题；4题用英语表达文中画线单词it所指代的内容；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1The writers special way to relax himself is _superlow_reading_2_read_3Why did the writer like superslow reading so much?_Because_it_gave_the_writer_not_only_pleasure_but_also_thoughts，and_helped_the_writer_in_the_daily_life._4_A_word_or_a_sentence/The_word_or_the_sentences_that_caught_the_writers_attention._5_我认识到我从超慢阅读中获益匪浅。_.(2015三明中考改编)词语运用。Lets talk about how the animals live through the winter.Animals do many different 1._amazing_(amaze) things to get through the winter.Some of them migrate(迁徙)They travel to other 2._places_(place) where the weather is warmer or where they can find food.Many birds migrate in autumn.Because the trip can be 3._dangerous_(danger)，some travel in large groups.For example，geese(鹅) fly in noisy，“V”shaped groups.Other kinds of birds fly alone.Some animals stay active in winter.They must change themselves as the 4.weather_ changes.Many change their doing or their bodies.For example，snowshoe rabbits grow white fur to help them hide in the snow.(2017原创预测)连词成句。1fewer，there，in，will，tree，the，be，future_There_will_be_fewer_trees_in_the_future_2Robots，interest，for，visit，its，to，me_Its_interesting_for_me_to_visit_Robots_3the，put，the，blender，ice cream，into_Put_the_ice_cream_into_the_blender_4need，how，teaspoon，many，do，honey，you，of_How_many_teaspoons_of_honey_do_you_need_？5the，noodle，some，to，add，salt_Add_some_salt_to_the_noodles_.(河北中考命题专家原创卷五)书面表达。回顾历史，是水养育了人类，造就了文明。但今天，水资源问题却成为人类生存的障碍。1977年，联合国警告全世界：“水资源问题不久将成为一项严重的社会危机，石油危机之后的下一个危机是水”。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文，呼吁大家保护水资源。提示：1.生命离不开水；2饮用水在减少；3水污染严重；4应该如何保护和再利用水资源。要求：1.必须包含所列要点，可适当发挥；2文中不得涉及真实的姓名、校名和地名；3词数80左右。 As everybody knows，water is one of the most important things for us all to live on the earth.We can not live without water.So its important to protect water.With the rapid development of science and technology，we are facing serious environmental problems.Water pollution is very serious.Drinking water has been reduced.So we must take measures to protect water resource.But how should we protect water resource? On the one hand，we can reuse water.In order to make full use of water，we can use the water of doing the laundry to flush the toilet.On the other hand，we should not waste water in our daily life.Remember to turn off the tap when you dont use it.We can do so much to solve the water problem. 13
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