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第一模块第1单元Workbook汉译英翻译题参考答案（Workbook Ex D2 on Page 89）1. I think (that) the best way to protect the environment is to plant more trees.2. Going to the park for a picnic at the weekend sounds like a great idea. It sounds like a great idea going to the park for a picnic at the weekend.3. When I look back on my childhood, I still think of it as the happiest time in my life. Looking back on my childhood, I still think of it as the happiest time in my life. Looking back on my childhood, I still consider it as the happiest time in my life.4. The girl who used to be a model is now a famous actress. The girl that used to be a model is now a famous actress.5. Talk to her more and you will find that she isnt as bad as you thought she was. （祈使句+and sb. will do =If you do , sb. will do ）6. As it was getting dark, I decided to find a place to stay (in). With it getting dark, I decided to find a place to stay (in).7. Students who make good use of their time usually achieve high scores/grades/marks.8. Though it is a struggle to improve your cooking skills in such a short time, you should still keep practicing. Though it is difficult/hard to improve your cooking skills in such a short time, you should still keep practicing. It is a struggle to improve your cooking skills in such a short time, but you should still keep practicing. 第一模块第1单元关键知识要点及易错题梳理与回顾一、 重点词汇1. 经历；经验 2. 文学 3. 具有挑战性的 4. 鼓励，激励5. 额外的，外加的6. 挑战 n.7. 满意8. 学业的，学术的 9. 交换；交流10. 以前的，前任的，前者的11. 毕业；毕业生12. 流利地 13. 捐赠14. 非常好的15. 独立的16. 批准；赞成17. 播放；广播18. 准备，筹备19. 比赛项目20. 一代人，一代21. 文学的22. 收费；使承担责任；指控；充电二、 重点短语回顾23. 喜欢看戏剧24. 回忆童年25. 把他的一生奉献给教育26. 搞到两张免费的票27. 由他负责28. 善于利用我们的业余时间29. 同意他出国30. 为考试做好充分准备31. 毕业后31. 不只是三、 重点句型和语法回顾32. It is a struggle for sb. to do . 33. The best way to do is to do 34. As it was getting darker and darker, （相当于：With it getting darker and darker, ）35. sound like +n./doing/从句36. more than 的四种用法37. on/upon +n./doing , 一（就） 38. require sb. to do ; It is required that +主语+(should) +动词原形 据要求.; sth. require doing / to be done 39. regret to do 很遗憾要做; regret doing / having done 后悔做过40. 定语从句：宜用that，不宜用which/ whom/ who 等情况四、 易错题（错题纠错整理）1. We struggled the storm, and when we fell, we struggled our feet. A. for; on B. with; on C. in; with D. with; to2. Somehow he was afraid of his wife. (=for some reason that is not clear 由于某种不明原因；不知为什么 )3. -How about this one?-Wellits too expensive and the color doesnt suit me.A. somewhat B. however C. somehow D. anyhow （anyhow adv. 加之，另外 表“增补”关系）4. Im sorry, but I didnt _ the truth of the matter earlier. A. keep you inform B. make you inform C. keep you informed of D. make you informed of 5. 十年来他一直致力于这种疾病的研究。（devote） He has been devoted to the study of the disease for ten years. He has been devoting himself to the research into/on/in the disease in the last/past ten years. He has been devoted to studying the disease for ten years.6. 我经常利用业余时间免费替他修自行车。（make，free） I often make use of my spare time to repair his bike for free. I often make use of my spare time to repair his bike free of charge.7. -Were you busy last weekend?-Very. Rather than time playing cards as usual, I devote every effort to _ an advertisement.A. wasting; making B. waste; make C. to waste; make D. a waste of; making (解析：rather than 是连词短语，需要与后文或上文中某个句子结构或句子成分并列或平行对等。此句还原为：rather than ( I devote every effort to) wasting time playing cards as usual) 8. 我的家乡已经和过去完全不同了。My hometown has been quite different from what it used to be.他已经习惯乡村里的生活了。He has been used to the life in the countryside. 9. 夏天跳进河里游泳是多么有趣呀!What fun it is to jump into the river to have a swim in summer! （原句回放： It is fun to jump into the river to have a swim in summer. fun n. U an experience or activity that is very enjoyable and exciting 娱乐，有趣的经历（活动）；乐趣 have fun =have an enjoyable time 玩得高兴 good/great fun / a lot of fun 很有乐趣 Its no fun doing 没意思/不好玩 eg. Its no fun eating on your own. 一个人吃饭没意思。 For fun =just for the fun of it 闹着玩地，为了好玩 sb is great fun 某人（很）有趣 make fun of 嘲弄某人/某物） funny adj. making you laugh 使人发笑的，有趣的；滑稽的； unusual, strange, or difficult to explain 古怪的；难以解释的 10. 我觉得学好英语最好的方式是多练习。(the best way to) I think the best way to learn English well is to do more exercises.11. 她回顾自己的经历觉得心满意足。(look back on) She felt satisfied whenever she looked back on her experiences. She feels satisfied, looking back on her experiences. She looked back on her experiences with satisfaction. (尽管语法正确，但是此句主次信息倒置)12. It was a long time since the girl last saw her parents. Its no wonder that she was not _ excited when they came.A. much B. greatly C. a little D. a bit13. Mr. Smith as well as his wife and daughter, _ to their school twice.A. have gone B. has gone C. have been D. has been （此句的主语为：Mr. Smith；as well as 为连词短语，其后跟的是从句的省略句式：his wife and daughter ( have been to their school twice ) 下划线部分与主句中的部分一致，可以省略相同的结构或句子成分。 在大多数情况下，as well as sb./sth. =besides sth./ sb. else =in addition to 以及；不但；除了之外，（还有） ）14. Its a pity that you missed _the chance to go abroad for further education.A. to give B. to be given C. giving D. being given15. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone family was poor. A. of whom B. whomC. of whoseD. whoseLook out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what（whose + 名词 引导定语从句 =the +名词 of +whom/which =of +whom/which the +名词 ）16. The radio set has gone wrong. A. I bought it last weekB. which I bought it last week C. I bought last weekD. what I bought last week (B 选项成分重复：it与关系代词which重复)17. My family _ are all music lovers will go to the concert. A. which B. whatC. who D. in which （此处的my family 应该指“我的全家人”，作复数讲。 My family is a big one. 此句中的family则为： 我的家庭，是一个整体，作单数讲。）18. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. whichC. whoD. whom （此题干还原为陈述句语序为： This is the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday. 主句简单句结构完整：主系表。The factory 后加定语从句：句中缺少宾语，所以填入“关系代词”，作宾语，指代the factory,“物”，因此填 B）Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. that C. whichD. / （此题干还原为陈述句语序为： This factory is _ a lot of students visited yesterday. 主句简单句结构不完整：主系表句型缺少“表语”。同时，如果其后跟“定语从句”，缺少先行词。因此，提供the factory 做表语，同时做后面的定语从句的先行词。又因为，英语中为避免重复，所以，使用替代词“one”（替代：同名异物，可数单数名词，特指用） ，替代factory。the one。定语从句中缺少宾语，所以填入“关系代词”，作宾语，指代the one,“物”，因此填 A。当然，我们可以直接填入“what”，来引导表语从句，what =the factory that）19. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whomC. whichD. /Is this the only park _ you visited last year?A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. whereHe is the most careful boy _ I know.A. whatB. whichC. asD. / We talked about the poets and their poems _ we remembered.A. whom B. which C. that D. what （当先行词为某些词或被某些词修饰时，其后定语从句关系代词宜用that，不用which/ who/ whom等，具体说明请参见语法全解P332。请注意辨别分清并牢记规则。）20. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained（此句还原为正常语序为：This is the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work. The reason 为其后定语从句的先行词，带入从句中：he explained the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work. Explain为及物动词，因此the reason为其宾语，构成简单句句型：主谓宾句型。the reason做宾语，又是物，因此，关系代词选用能做“宾语”，且又指代“物”的词：that/which，由于做宾语，可以省略。）21. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; / （此句主句为：Women (who drink a day) have a greater chance of having heart disease (than those who dont drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a great chance of having heart disease），than引导比较状语从句)22. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next doorB. which lives next door C. whom lives next doorD. that lives next door（A选项中，由于who指代先行词the boy为单数，所以代入后发现：the boy lives next door. 主语和谓语要在人称和数保持一致。）23. Dont go in, this is the shop _ we have just been _ . A. /, toB. that, /C. where, toD. which, there （the shop作为先行词代入句中：we have just been to the shop，做介词to的宾语。 to which 是“介词+关系代词”结构，当先行词为地点名词时，可以被做定语从句状语的关系副词取代：where。不过此处：we have just been where 中的where做表语。 ）24. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. what（此句还原为：This is the shop _ sells childrens clothing.此句中the shop作为先行词代入定语从句中：the shop sells childrens clothing 做定语从句中的主语。the shop 为“物”，作主语，所以使用“指代物、做主语”的关系代词引导定语从句。为that/which，不能省略。）25. The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking（将先行词代入定语从句中：the nurse is talking to the doctor，talk为vi. talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈。）26. 我一到家就告诉妈妈我已平安到达。（表示“一就” 的时间状语从句的连词：相当于：as soon as +从句, 【主从句时态一致；表示将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时】；还有：immediately, instantly, directly (副词做连词)；the moment; the second; the minute; the instant (名词做连词用)：Please call me, instantly you arrive.表示“刚就” 的时间状语从句的连词：hardly/scarcely (置于句首时，用部分倒装句) had + 主语 + pp(过去分词) + when +一般过去时态；no sooner (置于句首时，用部分倒装句) had + 主语 + pp (过去分词) + than +一般过去时态 No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. (部分倒装句)=I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 表达“一就”的介词： A. on/upon + (sbs) 名词/动名词, 我一到家就告诉妈妈我已平安到达。Upon (my) arrival at home, I informed mother of my safe arrival.Upon (my) arriving home, I informed mother that I had arrived safely. 每天早晨，我们一到教室，老师就告知我们大声朗读。Upon our arrival at the classroom every morning, the teacher informs us of reading aloud.Upon our arriving at the classroom every morning, the teacher informs us that we should read aloud. B. at (一听到/看到/闻到/), 相当于具体的下列短语：at the thought of 一想到; at the sight of 一看到; at the touch of 一碰到 At the news, she burst into tears.At the sight of the girl, he couldnt help talking to her actively.27. Our English teacher _ our buying a good English-Chinese dictionary. A. asked B. orderedC. suggested D. required （ask/order/require 的句型为： ask/order/require sb. to do ; ask/order/require that 主语+ （should）+动词原形 (宾语从句使用虚拟语气) suggest：表示“建议”的：suggest sth./doing to sb.; suggest to sb. sth./doing sth.; suggest ones doing suggest that 主语 + （should）+动词原形；当主语为sth.时，suggest则表示“暗示/表明”，此时，后加宾语从句，不使用虚拟语气“谓语should+动词原形”形式。Eg. His tired look suggested that he didnt have a good sleep last night. 他疲倦的神情暗示了他昨晚没有睡个好觉。28. In this country it is required that anyone who recently come here to pass this kind of test. A. has; has B. has; had C. have; have D. has; have （此句中it is required 主句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为主语从句：that anyone _ to pass this kind of test. 由于主句中含有表示“命令、要求、建议”等词，所以从句为名词性从句（包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）时，从句谓语动词形式一律为：should +动词原形，should可以省略。具体内容请参见语法全解之“虚拟语气”章节。）(who recently come here为anyone的定语从句，代入anyone后可知：anyone做从句主语，根据主谓一致，主语为第三人称单数，加上recently，使用现在完成时态，所以使用has come) The law requires that everyone _ his car checked at least once a year.A. has B. would have C. will have D. have29. 作为年轻一代，我们首先要选择我们喜爱的文学作品。 (select, composition, 定语从句)As the young generation, we should first select the literary compositions that we are fond of.30. You had better cut your hair short. Our school doesnt _ long hair. A. approve of students wore B. approve students to wearC. approve of students to wear D. approve of students wearing（approve of sb/sbs doing 同意/赞成某人做某事）31. Try your best. They will choose a person _ they think is the best. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose （此句中they think为插入语，去除之后，可知，先行词a person做定语从句中的主语。 代入后为：a person is the best。全句意为：尽力吧。他们会挑一个他们认为最佳的人选。）32. Henry has come in his raincoat and gumboots, _ for rain. A. preparedB. preparingC. having preparedD. prepares（此句逗号前面是一个句子，由于没有连接词连接，所以逗号后，必须跟短语，不能跟句子。因此如果使用动词，只能使用“非谓语动词”做相应的状语成分。Henry是“in his raincoat and gumboots”穿着雨衣和胶靴来了，准备着下雨。所以prepare应使用：表示伴随的心理状态，而不是“正在同步进行的动作”。preparing (sb.) for 这是和谓语come同步进行的伴随动作，而不是伴随状态。prepared for 中prepared可作为形容词，相当于ready，表示Henry“come”来时的伴随状态，或者在“come”之前就已经准备好了。过去分词做状语，时间上可以和谓语动词同步，也可以发生在谓语动词之前。所以此处也可以用体现“被动、完成”的”having been prepared for rain”.）第一模块第2单元Workbook汉译英翻译题参考答案（Workbook Ex D2 on Page 97）1. The soup smells delicious! I cant wait to taste it. 2. What language are we supposed to speak when we get to Italy since we cant speak Italian? (since conj. 既然 （引导原因状语从句）)3. It looks as if it is going to rain. Dont forget to take your umbrella. (as if 引导表语从句；It looks/seems/appears as if/as though/like-从句 “看起来/似乎/显得/好像 ” eg. It seemed as if the end of the world had come. 似乎世界末日已经来临。as if引导的表语从句或方式状语从句，有时根据与实际的事实相反，需要使用虚拟语气。 It seems like youre catching a cold, Tom. 汤姆，你好像感冒了。) 4. She insisted on going to Africa to study wild animals there, although her family asked her not to. She insisted that she (should) go to Africa to study wild animals there, although her family asked her not to. 5. They are the best team in the country. They certainly deserve to win the match. Since they are the best team in the country, they certainly deserve to win the match. They are the best team in the country, so they certainly deserve to win the match. They are the best team in the country. So they are certainly supposed to win the match. (so 可以作为并列连词，表结果；也可以作为副词，表结果，相当于therefore “因此、所以”。) Eg. He insisted that I _ back what I said, but I insisted that my remarks _ right. A. took; were B. take; should be C. should take; be D. take; were-Why was Professor Zhang unhappy recently？ -Because the theory he insisted on _ wrong.A. provedB. provingC. being provedD. was proved6. She was very tired and felt like having a nice sleep. (feel like +n./pron./doing 想要 ；feel为联系动词，like 为介词，其后跟宾语。feel like 相当于 would like / would like to do 。eg. Do you feel like going out for a walk? 想散步吗？=Would you like to go out for a walk? 在美式英语中，feel like +从句 =feel as if/ as though-从句 like引导表语从句。eg. I felt like Id really achieved something. 我感觉自己真的有所成就了。有时根据与实际的事实相反，like后面的从句必须需要使用虚拟语气。 )7. It is your fault. There is no need for you to defend yourself any more. （fault uncountable =the responsibility for something wrong that has happened or been done 责任，过错，过失 It is sbs fault that-从句 It was his fault that we were late. 我们迟到都是他的责任。Why should I say sorry when its not my fault? 既然那不是我的过错/责任，我为什么应该道歉？It is sbs fault (for doing sth) Its your own fault for being careless. 粗心是你自己的责任。8. Now that John has arrived, lets start working right away. (now (that) 从句 引导原因状语从句，相当于 since引导的原因状语从句。eg. Im going to relax now (that) the school year is over. 学年结束了，因此我想放松一下。Now that we know each other a little better, we get along well. 由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，我们相处的不错。)
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