西方文明史01试题

.Chapter 1 The First Civilizations1) Otzis life was a good example of the human experience inA) the Stone Age.B) central Greece.C) what is now modern Turkey.D) Italy.E) the Iron Age.2) The first humanlike creatures, such as Lucy, may haveA) survived for less than one million years.B) engaged in agriculture.C) displayed the brain capacity of modern humans.D) utilized simple tools.E) had large, developed brains.3) The Neanderthal had all of the following characteristics EXCEPTA) the ability to use tools.B) burial customs.C) a range of distribution covering Africa, Europe, and Asia.D) a smaller brain than other Homo sapiens.E) success surviving in the last great ice age.4) The practice of staying put and exploiting various sources of food instead of constantly traveling is calledA) oriental despotism.B) slash-and-burn aquaculture.C) pastoral nomadism.D) broad-spectrum gathering.E) pastoralism.5) Sedentary communities led to all of the following EXCEPT which one?A) Decrease in infant mortalityB) Development of political leadershipC) Reduction in populationD) Expansion of agricultureE) Longer life spans6) Which of the following was an early agricultural settlement in the Middle East?A) NinevehB) RomeC) JerichoD) BabylonE) Constantinople7) The statement that the Agricultural Revolution was portable means thatA) nomadic societies were eliminated in all parts of the globe.B) Neolithic society became less sedentary.C) the knowledge and technology of agriculture could be easily transported from one place to another.D) agricultural sites had to be located near rivers.E) sedentary societies had to continue to move for survival.8) Which of the following is NOT true of the ecology of Mesopotamia?A) The south has both adequate rain and good soil.B) The north has adequate rain but poor soil.C) Agriculture is impossible without irrigation.D) Improper irrigation results in the deposit of alkaloids in the soil.E) Uruk and other early cities were linked with irrigation.9) Which of the following do the authors suggest was the primary cause of urbanization in the south of Mesopotamia?A) The need to concentrate the population in order to carry out the extensive irrigation of the regionB) The concentration of animal husbandry in the regionC) Egyptian influenceD) The availability of imported food suppliesE) The possibility of year-round reproduction and mating10) Around 3500 B.C.E., the first civilization was established in the region of Mesopotamia calledA) Assyria.B) Phoenicia.C) Angkor-Wat.D) Sumer.E) Egypt.11) Which of the following was NOT one of the major Sumerian cities around the time of 3000B.C.E.?A) Lagash（苏美尔城邦。位于今天伊拉克境内铁罗(Telloh)，在幼发拉底河与底格里斯河相汇处的西北，在乌鲁克城以东）B) Ur乌尔（古代美索不达亚南部苏美尔的重要城市）C) Umma D) Nineveh E) Jericho12) Mesopotamian society became highly stratified, and not everyone shared equally in its benefits. The bottom social levels in this civilization were theA) landowners and merchants.B) slaves and peasants.C) artisans and soldiers.D) nomads and domesticated animals.13) The written script of Mesopotamian civilizations wasA) Aramaic.B) hieroglyphics.C) cuneiform.D) Cyrillic.14) The gods of Mesopotamian society wereA) unrelated to city life and activity.B) structured on a democratic basis.C) anthropomorphicthat is, they had human form.D) regarded as perfect in form and deed.E) unique to each city.15) Which of the following was NOT one of the Mesopotamian gods of the sky, air, and rivers?A) Enki B) Ishtar C) Ares D) Enlil E) Anu16) Which of the following statements concerning the practice of Mesopotamian religion is NOT accurate?A) Mesopotamians constantly sought intimate contact with the gods.B) Mesopotamians believed that the role of mortals was to serve the gods and feed them through sacrifice.C) The gods were believed to live in a structured and rational world.D) Temples controlled a vast portion of the cities economic resources.E) Mesopotamian gods were integral parts of stories such as The Epic of Gilgamesh.17) The first great heroic poem of Western civilization was theA) Iliad.B) Aeneid.C) Epic of Gilgamesh.D) Exodus.18) The founder of the first unified Akkadian state wasA) Hammurabi.B) Shulgi.（舒尔吉）C) Menes（美尼斯，埃及国王）.D) Sargon.E) Enkidu（恩奇都，吉尔伽美什的伙伴和仆从）.19) Which of the following statements concerning the Akkadian nation-state is MOST accurate?A) Sargon created a unified empire that survived his death.B) Like most states of Mesopotamia, the Akkadian state crumbled under the pressure of dynastic disputes and regional assertions of autonomy.C) The Akkadian state became the basis for Hittite dominance in Mesopotamia.D) Although politically powerful, the Akkadian state abandoned literacy and depended on military dominance.E) Though Sargon lived only a short time, his empire continues today.20) What state expanded in Mesopotamia after the fall of the Akkadians?A) Ur under ShulgiB) Judah under DavidC) Assyria under Tiglath-pileserD) Babylonia under Hammurabi21) Who was the famous king and law-codifier who ruled during the Old Babylonian Empire?A) DavidB) HammurabiC) NebuchadnezzarD) LagashE) Ramses II22) Much of Hammurabis code was concerned withA) dealing out lenient penalties for most crimes.B) promoting justice, protecting the weak, and destroying the wicked.C) providing equal treatment for all social classes.D) creating a new social and economic order.E) persecuting the weak and thus strengthen society.23) In addition to Hammurabis code, the Old Babylonian Empire is also recognized for its contribution in the area ofA) writing.B) mathematics.C) architecture.D) medicine.E) eliminating capital punishment.24) The Hittite peopleA) based their livelihood solely on farming.B) established their capitals at Merimda and Memphis.C) perfected the light, horse-drawn war chariot and metal trade.D) never fought the Egyptians, as both were Indo-European speakers.E) had no relationship to later Persians and Greeks.25) Old Kingdom Egypts stability and self-sufficiency was due to all of the following factors EXCEPT which one?A) Systematic flooding by the Nile RiverB) A large, permanent, and professionally trained armyC) Geographical isolation created by the desertD) A predictable and favorable climateE) The rich Nile delta26) Around 3150 B.C.E., King Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt and founded a new capital atA) Alexandria.B) Antioch.C) Memphis.D) Wadis.E) Hattushash.27) Osiris was theA) Persian god of the sky.B) Hittite god of war.C) Sumerian goddess of love.D) Egyptian god of the dead.E) Akkadian goddess of peasants.28) Maat is an Egyptian term meaningA) war and conflict.B) temple worship.C) divine incarnation.D) harmony and justice.E) provinces.29) The Egyptian king who built the first known pyramid wasA) Thutmose III.B) Hatshepsut.C) Horus DenD) Zoser.E) Narmer.30) The building of the great pyramids at Sakkara and outside Memphis took place during the time of theA) Intermediate Periods.B) New Kingdom.C) Middle Kingdom.D) Old Kingdom.E) Hyksos invasions.31) Which of the following did NOT occur in the transition from the Old to the Middle Kingdom?A) Women gained constitutional rights by becoming scribes.B) Temples continued to be constructed.C) The bureaucracy was opened to all men.D) The afterlife became available to more people.E) Egyptian royal authority collapsed.32) The new ethical perspective conveyed by the literature of the Middle Kingdom is best represented by the story ofA) Benjamin.B) al-Farabi. 法拉比 C) Sinuhe. 辛努亥 D) Amenhotep. 阿蒙霍特普E) Piratical Peasant. 海盗的农民33) The main contribution of the foreigners known as the Hyksos who invaded Egypt during the Middle Kingdom was toA) transform the traditions of Egyptian kingship.B) adopt a monotheistic form of religious worship.C) introduce military technology and organization.D) found a new capital city at Alexandria.E) become the military for Ahmose the pharaoh.34) Which pharaoh attempted to revolutionize Egyptian religious life?A) TutankhamenB) AhmoseC) Thutmose ID) Akhenaten35) Amenhotep IV did all of the following EXCEPTA) move his religious capital to the city of Thebes.B) promote the worship of the sun-disk god Aten.C) change his name to Akhenaten (It pleases Aten).D) abolish the cult of Amen-Ra (the great god).E) establish his capital city at Tell-el Amarna.36) Akhenatens monotheism wasA) welcomed by the Egyptian people.B) actually a form of divinity shared by the pharaoh and the sun-disk.C) borrowed from the Hebrew religion.D) carried on by his successors.E) to have a lasting impact on Egypt. 6) Akhenatens 一神论是A） 由埃及人民欢迎。B） 实际上形式的对神的法老和太阳磁盘共享。C） 借用了希伯来人的宗教。D） 由他的继任者。E) 对埃及产生持久的影响。37) Upon the death of Akhenaten, his son-in-law TutankhamenA) restored ancient religious traditions.B) retained the new capital at Tel al-Amarna.C) defeated the Hittites at the battle of Kadesh.D) revamped the entire bureaucratic system.E) created a peaceful pact with the Hittites.38) In the century after the battle of Kadesh in which the Hittites and Egyptians fought to a draw, what happened to the old Bronze Age civilizations of the Mediterranean?A) Sea Peoples took over their civilizations except in the Hittite world.B) Ramses II (the Great) became a god after a short reign of pyramid building.C) Hebrews took over most religious systems with age-old monotheism.D) Bronze Age empires like the Hittites and Egyptians collapsed.E) A major epidemic wiped out all Bronze-Age people.39) After their exodus from Egypt, the ancient Hebrews forged a new identity and faith that included all of the following EXCEPT theA) adoption of Yahweh as their exclusive god.B) rejection of the principle of monotheism.C) adoption of the law code given to Moses.D) acceptance of the traditions of Abrams clan.E) relocation and settlement along the eastern Mediterranean Sea.40) The Hebrews, after leaving Egypt, migrated toA) Babylonia.B) Ethiopia.C) Canaan.D) the Sahel.E) Anatolia.41) The people who dominated the Canaanite seacoast and defeated the Israelites in 1050 B.C.E.were theA) Philistines.B) Phoenicians.C) Amorites.D) Persians.E) Sea Peoples.42) In the eleventh century B.C.E., the Israelites transformed their political system from a confederation of loosely organized tribes into a(n)A) monarchy.B) city-state.C) democracy.D) oligarchy.E) empire.43) Which of King Davids sons elevated the kingdom of Israel to its greatest power and prestige?A) JoshuaB) SolomonC) DanielD) SaulE) Ah-moses44) What group destroyed the kingdom of Israel in 722 B.C.E.?A) PersiansB) PhilistinesC) EgyptiansD) AssyriansE) Greeks45) In 586 B.C.E. the kingdom of Judah was conquered by the New Babylonian Empire under theleadership ofA) Tiglath-pileser III.B) Hattusilis III.C) Assur-dan.D) Nebuchadnezzar II.E) Ezra.46) Which of the following was NOT a consequence of Judahs fall in 586 B.C.E.?A) The burning of JerusalemB) The destruction of Solomons templeC) Emphasis on temple worship rather than study of the TorahD) The Babylonian captivityE) Mishnah, or second law, which developed into the Talmud47) Especially after the so-called Babylonian captivity, the Israelites began toA) regard Yahweh as the one universal god.B) gain unprecedented political significance.C) undertake a massive military build-up.D) rebel against the Assyrians en masse.E) wait as one unified body for a messiah.48) What Hebrew leaders were particularly concerned with keeping Judaism isolated from other religious and cultural influences after returning from Babylon?A) Cosmos and DiogenesB) Ezra and NehemiahC) Moses and JeremiahD) David and SolomonE) Nebuchadnezzar I and II49) Assyrian state power was based on all of the following EXCEPTA) a transformed army and administrative system.B) new military-religious ideology.C) large-scale population relocations.D) calculated use of mass terror.E) peaceful trade and agricultural production.50) What ruler of the eighth century B.C.E. transformed the structure of the Assyrian state and expanded its empire?A) Nebuchadnezzar IIB) Tiglath-pileser III提格拉特帕拉沙尔三世 C) Xerxes I薛西斯一世 D) Cyrus IIE) Ramses51) The destruction of the Assyrian Empire was the result ofA) a breakdown of its religious system.B) an invasion by the Hittites.C) an uprising of its subjugated people.D) a failure to establish a strong military system.E) the conquest by the Babylonian leader Cyrus.52) The rise of the Persian Empire was tied to all of the following EXCEPTA) benevolent rule toward its subjects.B) leadership of Cyrus II.C) the role of Zoroastrianism and Ahura Mazda.D) leadership of Cambyses II.E) brutal suppression of non-Persian beliefs and civilizations.53) In what fundamental ways did the formation of sedentary communities and the Agricultural Revolution transform early humans?Diff: 3 Page Ref: 10-11Topic: Before Civilization54) Explain the role of writing in Mesopotamian civilizations and history. What role did writing have in the realms of law, political rule, religion, and social organization? How did the portrayal of history change with the advent of writing?Diff: 3 Page Ref: 11-18Topic: Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers55) Compare and contrast Egypt and Mesopotamia in terms of geography. How did the geography of the Nile valley and Mesopotamia affect the history of each region?Diff: 3 Page Ref: 11-25Topic: The Gift of the Nile; Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers56) What basic elements of civilization could be found in both Mesopotamia and Egypt? Consider concepts of civilization then and in a modern context.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 11-25Topic: Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers; The Gift of the Nile57) Trace the history of Egyptian civilization from its origins to its collapse following the arrival of the Sea Peoples. Identify the key events and note any cycles that seem to recur. Are there anypatterns you can identify?Diff: 3 Page Ref: 18-25Topic: The Gift of the Nile58) Trace the history of the Hebrews in the Ancient Near Eastern World from their origins to the time of the Persians. How do they transform their beliefs and civilization to adapt to changing historical conditions? What does this suggest about the relationship between belief, practice,and actual experience in history?Diff: 4 Page Ref: 18-32Topic: Between Two Worlds.