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Unit 3 Talking about PeopleSection 1 Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsA. Listen and repeat1. A: Where were you at one oclock?B: At one oclock? At my mothers.2. A: Lets ask him to let us go.B: He wont let us go.3. A: I saw them together.B: Where did you see them?B. Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Friend: Hi, Linda. I hear you and John got married (l) last month. Linda: Yeah, we did, (smiling) Three weeks (2) ago. Friend: Well, congratulations! Linda: Thank you.Friend: Did you (3) have a big wedding?Linda: No, we got (4) married at City Hall. We didnt want to spend very much because (5) were saving to buy a house. Friend: Where did you (6) have the reception?Linda: Oh- we (7) didnt have a reception. We just (8) invited a few friends over for drinks afterwards. Friend: What (9) did you wear? Linda: Just a skirt and blouse.Friend: Oh!Linda: And John wore a (10) jacket and jeans.Friend: Where did you (11) go for your honeymoon?Linda: We (12) didnt have a honeymoon. We went back to work the next day. Ah, here comes (13) my bus.Friend: Listen. (14) Id love to help celebrate. Why dont you two (15) come over for a drink next week?Linda: Sure. Wed love to. (16) Ill talk to John and (17) call you Monday. Friend: Great. See you (18) next week. Linda: Bye.Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Bob: Look at that, Angela. True-Value is going to sell hi-fis for 72.64 pounds. Im going to buy one. We can save at least 20 pounds. Angela: Yes, and look at the washing machines. Theyre going to sell some washing machines for 98.95 pounds, go we can save 22 pounds. A washing machine is more important than a hi-fi.Bob: By the way, Angela, do you know how much money weve got? About 200 pounds, I hope.Angela: Heres the bank statement. I didnt want to open it. Oh, dear.Bob: Whats the matter?Angela: We havent got 200 pounds, Im afraid.Bob: Well, come on. How much have we got?Angela: Only 150 pounds 16.Things they want to buyPriceMoney they can savea hi-fi72.64 poundsat least 20 poundsa washing machine98.95 pounds22 poundsExercise B:Money to pay for the things to buy: 171.59 poundsMoney to be saved: 42 poundsMoney they think they can have: 200 poundsMoney they actually have: 150.16 poundsTapescript:Bob: Look at that, Angela. True-Value is going to sell hi-fis for 72.64 pounds. Im going to buy one. We can save at least 20 pounds. Angela: Yes, and look at the washing machines. Theyre going to sell some washing machines for 98.95 pounds, go we can save 22 pounds. A washing machine is more important than a hi-fi.Bob: By the way, Angela, do you know how much money weve got? About 200 pounds, I hope.Angela: Heres the bank statement. I didnt want to open it. Oh, dear.Bob: Whats the matter?Angela: We havent got 200 pounds, Im afraid.Bob: Well, come on. How much have we got?Angela: Only 150 pounds 16.Section 2 Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Words or Message?A.:1. John Bishop was very popular because he founded a company that made stationery products from recycled materials.2. The gross domestic product of our country has been stationary for many years at about 7.5 percent even if we had been retarded (or confronted with) by the world economic recession.B:1. Only be training hard every day can you become a good athlete.2. He is a more persuasive speaker than his brother.3. Never have we had more apples than this year.1. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day.2. He speaks more persuasively than his brother.3. Weve had more apples this year than ever before.Part 2 DialoguesDialogue 1 Whats He Like?Exercise A: Listen to the dialogue and complete the following notes.Age: 35 or 36Appearance: good-lookingHobbies: sportsfootball basketball and tennisMarriage status: single / not marriedExercise B: Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.1. What is he good at? How does his friend know that?(He is good at tennis. His friend knows that because he plays at the same tennis club where she plays.)2. Does he live alone? Has he got a companion? (Yes, he lives alone. But he has a companion, his dog.)Exercise C: Listen to some extracts from the dialogue and complete the following sentences with the missing words.I dont know him very well. Hes a bit.shy, I think. He isnt married. He lives in a flat on his own. Well, just him and his dog.Tapescript:A: Tell me about your new manager. Whats he like?B: Oh, terrific. Hes tall, good looking., well, I think hes good looking, anyway . and hes about 35 or 36. Hes very interested in all kinds of sports football, basketball. oh, and tennis. My friend told me hes very good at tennis. He plays at the same tennis club . the club where she plays . you know.A: Oh, is he friendly? I mean, in the office.B: Well, I dont know him very well. Hes a bit.shy, I think. He isnt married. He lives in a flat on his own. Well, just him and his dog.Dialogue 2 How Old Are You? Exercise A: Listen to the interview and complete the following report. Name of the interviewee: Keith.Keith is (1) 37 years old. Hes got (2) two children. One is (3)11 and the other is (4)13. He is a (5) printers reader and copy editor at the (6) Oxford University Press. He starts work at (7) 7:30 and finishes at (8) 4:15 with a (9) 45-minute lunch break. He goes to work by (10) bicycle and train.He is interested in (11) antiques. He dislikes (12) decorating and is not awfully (13) keen on gardening. He reads quite a lot, (14) newspapers, books, especially (15) books of history.He doesnt (16) smoke and drinks (17) only occasionally. He doesnt (18) go to the church often. Exercise B:1. Man 2: Things I dont likeI dont like decorating. Im not awfully keen on gardening.2. Man 1: Yeah. And what kind of books do you read?Man 2: Ermtends to be more along history lines.Tapescript:Man 1: All right, Keith. How old are you? Man 2: Thirty-seven.Man 1: Thirty-seven, yeah? And, erm, you married? Man 2: Yes.Man 1: Yeah. Have you got children? Man 2: Two.Man 1: Yeah. What are their names? Man 2: Toby and Lucy. Man 1: Toby and Lucy. How old are they? Man 2: Ones 11, thats Lucy; and Tobys 13. Man 1: Yeah. Tell me about your job, Keith.Man 2: Well, I work at the Oxford University Press. Im a printers reader and copy editor.Man 1: Erm, what sort of hours of work do you have? Man 2: Erm, 7:30 in the morning. Man 1: You start work at 7:30?Man 2: Yes. I start at 7:30 in the morning and finish at 4:15. Thats with a 45-minute lunch break. Man 1: Yeah. Do you like it that way? Do you like starting very early? Man 2: No, I dont. No.Man 1: How do you go to work?Man 2: Er, well, I cycle from here to Didcot Station, and then catch the train.Man 1: Tell me one or two things you like doing, and one or two things you dont like doing. What do you like doing? What do you do for enjoyment?Man 2: Well, Im quite interested in antiques*. Man 1: Yes.Man 2: Things I dont like I dont like decorating. Im not awfully keen on gardening. Man 1: OK. What reading what sort of what newspaper do you read? Man 2: The Times. Man 1: The Times, yeah.Man 2: And The Sunday Times.Man 1: Yeah. And what kind of bonks do you read?Man 2: Erm tends to be more along history lines. Not novels, generally, more general history. Local history especially. Man 1: Yeah, OK. Do you smoke, Keith? Man2 : No.Man 1: You drink?Man 2: Occasionally.Man 1: Yeah. Do you go to church?Man 2: Not very often, no.Man 1: Right. Thank you very much indeed.Part 3 Passage Cycling Accidents Exercise A: 1. What do young children often find difficult to do when riding bicycles?2. When choosing a bike for a child, what should you ensure?3. How old should a child be when the child is allowed out on the road on a bike?4. What do you know about the Cycling Proficiency Test?5. Before a child is allowed out alone, what should he be able to do?6. What is parents advice to their children when they are out on a bike in the dark?7. What is the parents responsibility?8. What can be life-saving?Exercise B:1. Make sure that your childs bike has the right size of frame and that the saddle and handlebars are correctly adjusted. When sitting on the saddle, a childs feet should comfortably touch the ground and hands must be able to work the brake levers.2. For night-time riding, lights must be working and reflectors must be clean.Tapescript:Cycling accidents often happen because children are allowed out on the roads before theyre really ready. After all, it takes time to learn to ride a bike safely, and riding safely means much more than just staying on. For example, a child must be able to turn and look behind, and do hand signals without wobbling. And at the same time as handling the bike safely, the child must be able to cope with the roads and traffic.How to prevent accidents? Make sure that your childs bike has the right size of frame and that the saddle and handlebars are correctly adjusted. When sitting on the saddle, a childs feet should comfortably touch the ground and hands must be able to work the brake levers. Make sure children can ride safely and can cope with roads and traffic before you let them out along. As a general rule, children under nine years old should never be allowed out on the roads on a bike alone. An adult should always be with them.Encourage your child to go in for a Cycling Proficiency Test. You can get details of courses from your Road Safety Officer at your local authority. Look in your telephone directory for the local authority number. But remember that these courses are often fun in school playgrounds, so its important to make sure that whats learnt is then put into practice on the roads. Make sure that your child understands road signs.Explain, for example, that “crossroads” does not mean “cross the road”. Words like “one-way street” and “traffic island” can also be difficult for children to understand. Make sure that your child wears reflective clothing when out on a bike, especially in the dark or in bad weather. For night-time riding, lights must be working and reflectors must be clean.Bicycle maintenance can be life-saving. Its up to parents to check their childrens bikes regularly and get repairs done properly. Teach your child, too, to check brakes and lights regularly. Section 3 Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersExercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:1. What was Mr. White doing this morning?(He was writing his book this morning.) 2. According to Mr. White, was the book coming along all right?(No, he thought the rest of the book would be difficult to write.) 3. What did Mrs. White expect?(He expected that Mr. White would find the answers interesting to work out.) 4. Why did Mr. White think the house was easy to work in?(Because he would at least be able to think) 5. When would the school holidays start? (They would start in a week.)6. Was it possible for Mr. White to work in the house during the school holidays?(No, it was impossible for him to work in the house.)7. Could Mr. White work in the garden this morning?(Yes, he could work in the garden this morning.) Why? (Because it was peaceful and quiet) 8. Why should Mr. White make most of it while the garden was peaceful and quiet?(Because peace and quiet would be hard to find in the garden pretty soon.)Tapescript:Mrs. White: How did your writing go this morning? Is the book coming along all right?Mr. White: Im not sure. I think the rest of it will be difficult to write. There are still some problems to solve.Mrs. White: I expect youll find the answers interesting to work out.Mr. White: If I can work them out. Thank goodness the house is easy to work in. I shall at least be able to think.Mrs. White: Youve forgotten something. Peace and quiet will be difficult to guarantee much longer.Mr. White: Good, heavens, yes. The school holidays start in a week, dont they? The house will be impossible to work in while they last.Mrs. White: Well, some extra noise is hard to avoid. But Ill keep them away from the study asmuch as I can. Thatll be all right to work in.Mr. White: What about the garden? It was beautifully peaceful and quiet out there this morning.Mrs. White: Well, youd better make the most of it while it lasts. Peace and quiet will be hard to find in the garden pretty soon, Im afraid.Part 2 RetellingTo the American people, education is very important. The first twelve years of public school are free of charge. As a result, about 93 percent of the teenagers from fourteen to seventeen years old are in high school.However, 200 years ago, education was not free. American elementary schools were only for rich people. Most young people were not in school.The first public high school was in 1832. The purpose of the school was to prepare students for college. Its most important subjects were mathematics and foreign languages.Nowadays, American education is a big business. There are about 45 million students in the nations elementary schools and high schools. Each year there are about three million high school graduates. The main purpose of high school is still to prepare students for college. There are also job-training programmes in high school and programmes to teach useful skills for everyday life - for example, driver training, first aid, and even cooking.Section 4 Supplementary Exercises Part 1 Listening Comprehension My NephewExercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. What did Tonys uncle intend to do for Tonys birthday this year?2. What did Tonys uncle buy for his birthday the year before last?3. Why were Tonys parents unthankful for the gift?4. What was Tonys attitude towards the things to buy?5. What did he suddenly spot in a shop?6. How did his uncle persuade Tony to change his mind?7. What did Tony look like when his uncle saw him fifteen minutes later?8. What can be inferred from the passage?l. D2. B3. D4. A5. B6. C7. C8. DTapescript:This year I decided to do something to regain my reputation as a kindly uncle. My nephew, Tony, had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year. His parents had no reason to be grateful to me either because the year before, I had presented their dear son with a pot of paste* and some funny pictures .Instead of sticking* them into a book, Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them. This year, therefore, I decided to let him choose for himself.We went into a big toy shop but Tony was highly critical of everything he saw. In vain* did I show him toy after toy; he was not to be tempted*. Then I saw his eyes light up: he had discovered something he really did approve of: a large tin drum. I was quite pleased, too, until I thought what Tonys mother would say when she saw it. Nobody would get any sleep for weeks. I led Tony away quickly, saying that the drum was too expensive. If that was how I felt, Tony replied jokingly, then I could buy him the big model railway in the shop window. Now that was really expensive, so I quickly changed the subject.Tony asked for permission to go off on his own and I made the most of my opportunity to sit down and rest my aching feet. Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony. I began to get worried and got up to look for him, I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit. She looked about her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many little boys in grey suits. I was just beginning to despair*, when I saw a strange figure dressed in peculiar purple* clothes. The figure was wearing a false beard and a cave mans* axe* in one hand, and a space gun in the other. It was, of course, Tony, who informed me at once that he was the first cave man to fly into space.Part 2 Oral WorkIn a recent broadcast, I heard a woman say that she felt guilty because she spent 20 at an auction sale. She was afraid her husband might accuse her of being extravagant. I find this attitude difficult to understand, for, obviously a married woman has as much right to spend 20 as her husband. Sometimes both husband and wife go out to work. But, in a case where the woman stays at home to look after the children, it is still unfair that she should feel guilty about spending a small sum of money on herself.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topic.Do you agree with the speaker that the womans attitude is wrong?Part 3 Video Mars Rover: “A Mars Scientists Dream Machine”1. Whats the name of the Mars rover that was launched by the American space agency in November 2011?It is known as “Curiosity”.2. Where is it supposed to land?It is supposed to land at the foot of a mountain within a deep, 150-kilometer-wide hole called Gale Crater.3. What energy is used to support the Mars rovers many activities and how long will the power last?The nuclear reactor supports the Mars rovers many activities and it can maintain the operation of the rover for about two Earth years/one Martian year.4. What are the tasks of the Mars rover?They are: 1) collecting sample rocks and soil on Mars; 2) measuring the chemical make-up of rocks and soil; 3) looking for any organic material that might be present and the habitable environment for microorganisms.5. Give a brief description of the new rover.The new rover is a car-sized vehiclemuch larger than the early ones. It contains a plutonium-fueled nuclear reactor that will provide plenty of power for scientific activities. The vehicle also has 17 cameras, a laser and a big six-foot robotic arm. Inside the rover, there are two very capable scientific laboratories.Tapescript:The American space agency launched its Mars Science Laboratory, also known as “Curiosity,” in November of 2011. The car-sized vehicle is supposed to land on Mars in August 2012. This computer model shows what scientists expect will happen when the spacecraft carrying Curiosity reaches the red planet. Curiosity” is supposed to land at the foot of a mountain within a deep, 150-kilometer-wide hole called Gale Crater. Deputy project scientist Ashwin Vasavada tells about “Curiosity.”“This is a Mars scientists dream machine. Were so excited to have this rover going to Mars this year. Its going to be the virtual presence for over 200 scientists around the world to explore Mars and Gale Crater that well talk about. This rover is not only the most technically capable rover ever sent to another planet, but its actually the most capable scientific explorer weve ever sent out.”“Curiosity” is much larger than earlier rovers. It has a plutonium-fueled nuclear reactor that will provide plenty of power for “Curiositys” many activities. The vehicle also has 17 cameras, and a laser that can examine the chemical make-up of rocks.“What really dominates the design of this rover is the fact that it has this ability to sample rocks and soils on Mars for the first time, and so it has a big six-foot 1.8 meter robotic arm. And the rover is partly that big because it holds two very capable scientific laboratories inside the rover.”One instrument measures the minerals in rocks and soil. Another looks for chemicals and any organic material that might be present. Th
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