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,UnitSeven,Thesampler,advantage:n.=sth.usefulorhelpful利益,好处,优点,Itsantonymis“disadvantage(缺点,不利条件)”。Collocation:takeadvantageofsth.=tomakeuseofsth.Orprofitfromsth.利用；e.g.Hetookadvantageofthefineweathertoplaytennisyesterday.(他利用昨天的好天气去打网球了。)takeadvantageofsb.=tomakeuseofsb.asbydeceivinghim欺诈，欺骗；e.g.Bobhastakenadvantageofhisparentsandcheatedthemoutof10,000dollars.(鲍勃对他的父母进行欺诈，骗走了他们1万美元。),suspectvs.doubt,suspect:vt.=feeldoubtabout;guessorsuppose“怀疑，猜测”;侧重于对某一事物坏的方面作出怀疑，比较肯定,一般后面不接whether或if引导的从句。e.g.Atfirst,wesuspectedthathewaslost.(起先，我们怀疑他失踪了。)常用结构:suspectsb.of(doing)sth.“怀疑某人犯罪,错误”e.g.Hewassuspectedofsellingstatesecretsandarrestedlastmonth.(他涉嫌倒卖国家机密，于上月被捕。)2.doubt:n./v.=tobeuncertain,toconsiderunlikely“怀疑，看来不会”；只是一般性怀疑，表示“拿不准”，后面的宾语从句多由whether或if引导。e.g.IdoubtwhetherProf.Smithwillcometoourschooltogivealecturethismorning.(我怀疑史密斯教授今天上午是否会来我们学校做讲座。),admistvs.betweenvs.among,admist:prep.=inthemiddleof,among在.中间；其后既可跟c.n.和pron.，也可跟u.n.；e.g.Agentlemaninwhitewasstandingamid/admistthecrowd,addressingtothepublic.(一位穿白色衣服的男士站在人群中向公众发表演说。)between:指两者之间；e.g.Therearealotofsimilaritiesbetweenus.among后面一般接pl.n.和pron.,指三人以上的人或事；e.g.Tokyoisamongthelargestcitiesintheworld.(东京市世界上最大的城市之一。),lay(v.)-laid(p.t.)-laid(p.p.),layout=spreadout陈列，安排，展现；e.g.Manynewbookshavebeenlaidoutonthecounter.(许多新书被展示在柜台上)layon=supplyorprovide供应,提供;e.g.Theylaidonapartyforalltheoldpeopleinthevillage.(他们为全村的老年人举行了一次聚会。)layup=collectorstoreforfutureuse贮藏，搁置；layoff=stopworkingforaperiod停止(做有害或讨厌的事物);e.g.Youdbetterlayoffsmokinghere.(你最好别在这儿吸烟。)而laysb.off意为“(由于没有足够的工作而)解雇(某人)”;e.g.Theylaidusoffforthreemonths.(他们停雇了我们三个月。),laydown=toputsomethingdownwhenyouhavefinishedusingit;tomakeafirmstatementorgivearule放下,铺设,规定,拟定;e.g.Thebosslaiddownmanystrictrulesforhisemployees.Now,letspractice:ThenewCityParkisaccordingtothespecificrequirementsofthecitizens.A.laidoffB.laiddownC.laidoutD.laidup,laydown=toputsomethingdownwhenyouhavefinishedusingit;tomakeafirmstatementorgivearule放下,铺设,规定,拟定;e.g.Thebosslaiddownmanystrictrulesforhisemployees.Now,letspractice:ThenewCityParkisCaccordingtothespecificrequirementsofthecitizens.A.laidoffB.laiddownC.laidoutD.laidup,inarow,=sidebysideinaneatline成一长行；e.g.Theyarestandinginarow.(他们站成一排。)=consecutively连续，一连串；e.g.Wehavehadgoodharvestsfortenyearsinarow.(我们连续十年获得了丰收。),toonestaste=inawaythatonelikes合的口味，中的意,E.g.Thebookyousentmewasquitetomytaste.(你送我的那本书非常适合我的口味。)Popularmusicisnottoeveryonestaste.(流行音乐并不是适合所有人的口味。),forinstance=forexample例如,e.g.Martin,forinstance,hasaverylogicalhead.(比如说，马丁头脑就非常有逻辑性。),andwhatsmore=also,andmoreimportantly而且,更重要的是,Thisphraseisoftenparentheticallyused.e.g.Thelittleboyplayedthepianoverywell,andwhatsmore,helearnedithimself.(小男孩钢琴弹得很好，而且他是自学的。)Yourelateforworkagainthismorning,andwhatsmore,youhavelostthekeytoyouroffice.(你今天早上上班又迟到了，而且把你办公室钥匙也弄丢了。),breakoff=pause,stop中止，中断,E.g.TheybrokeofftheirtalkwhenIenteredtheroom.(我进入房间时，他们中止了谈话。),comedownintheworld=becomepoor,losesocialposition落泊，潦倒，失势,E.g.PooroldGeorgehascomedownintheworldsincehisbusinessfailed.(可怜的老乔治自打生意失败就开始穷困潦倒了。),outofplace=improper(foronessurroundings)不适当的，不相称的,E.g.Whatyousaidatthedinnerpartywasquiteoutofplace.(晚饭时你说的话很不得体。),dosb.afavor=dosth.kindtosb.给某人以恩惠，帮某人忙,E.g.Canyoudomeafavortoturnofftheradio?(麻烦你帮忙把我收音机关掉好吗？),mistakefor=thinkwronglythat(sth.orsb.)is(sth.orsb.else)把错认为,e.g.Ialwaysmistakeyourtwinsisterforyou.(我总是错把你的孪生姐姐/妹妹当作你了。)Theforeignermistookthehouseforahotel.(这个外国人错把这个房子当成一家旅馆了。),pullout=takeout抽出，取出,e.g.Thecarthatfellintotheriverwaspulledoutbyacrane.(那辆掉到河里的小汽车被起重机拉了出来。),countout=count(things)onebyone逐一数出,e.g.KongYijicountedoutseveralcoinsonthecounter.(孔乙己在柜台上排出几枚大钱。),longfor=wishverymuchfor渴望,e.g.HowIlongforabeautifulcar!(我多么希望有一辆漂亮的轿车呀！)Ihavebeenlongingforyourpromptreply.(我非常希望得到您的及时的回复。),促销手段：,在现代生活中，许多商家为了扩大销售，采取了各种方法来让消费者对自己的产品产生更大的兴趣。文章中的免费品尝(freesample)就是一种。除了在传媒上大肆宣传，还有一些手段，例如：打折降价，免费试用，当场展示产品性能，随机抽奖，附送礼品等。,西方老人的生活：,在西方人的观念中，老人即是无用的人，对他们缺乏应有的关怀和照顾。一般老人在60-65岁退休后，会从政府及原雇主处领取退休金，但比原来工资少得多。西方的老人不同子女生活在一起，一般独居或住老人院，子女偶尔去探望。在亲情淡于金钱的西方社会，其晚景可谓凄凉。,Ihaveoftenwonderedwhethersomepeople,whohadnointentionofmakingapurchase,wouldtakeadvantageofthisprivilege.(Para.2),本句等于Ioftendoubtedwhethersomepeople,whodidntwanttobuyapudding,wouldtakethegoodchanceandeatalot.Tr:我经常怀疑某些人本不打算买布丁是否也会利用这种优惠。haveintentionofdoing=toplantodosth.有做的意图；e.g.Haveyouanyintentionofgoingthere?(你打算去那里吗？)makeapurchase=tobuy购买Yesterdayshewenttotownandmadeapurchase.(昨天她上城里买东西去了。),OnedayIaskedthisquestionoftheshopgirl,andIlearneditwasindeedthecase.(Para.2;Line6-8),本句中askedthisquestionoftheshopgirl之间接宾语theshopgirl在直接宾语thisquestion之后，因此用了介词of.这是一种较为正式的说法。一般情况下用askedtheshopgirlthisquestion.也即toaskaquestionofsb.就等于toasksb.aquestion.Translation:一天我向一位售货员小姐问起这个问题并得知确实是这样。,Well,lethimcomeifhewantsit,andwelcometoit.(Para.3,Line12-13),句中的两个it都表示hiscomingandsamplingthepuddingswithouttheintentionofbuyingsome.(他来(本店)品尝布丁而并无要买的意思。)“welcome”hereisanadjective,whichmeans“allowedfreelytohave(可随便享用，可任意地)”。E.g.Youarewelcometoanybookinmystudy.(你可随便享用我书房里的任何书。)welcome还可以作vt.用，如：TheQueenwelcomedthePresidentassoonashegotofftheplane.(总统一下飞机，女王就上前迎接。),Helooksasifheneededitallright,andIsupposetheycanaffordit.,asif=asthough,seemingtoshowthat仿佛，好像，俨然;e.g.Tonytalkedasifhehadeverbeentothemoon.(托尼说话的样子仿佛他去过月亮上似的。)由lookasif引起的从句中，若现实情况并非如此，则用虚拟语气；若是对现在事情的虚拟，asif句子用过去式;而若是对过去事情的虚拟，asif句子用过去完成时。e.g.Shelooksasifshewerehiseldersister.(她看起来像是他的姐姐。)若在lookasif引起的从句中，若事实是有可能的，则用陈述语气；e.g.HelooksasifheisfromNorthernChina.(他看起来像华北人。)Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.(看起来天要下雨了。),andinaburstofbenevolence,Iwentuptohim,本句等于“seizedsuddenlybyastrongdesiretobehelpful”意为“突然动了怜悯之心”;Otherexamples:aburstofanger/sympathy/tears/bloodetc.“一怒之下/突生怜悯/眼泪夺眶而出/突生冲动”等。本句翻译：怜悯之情在我心中油然而生，我上他跟前,AndthatwasthelastIsaworheardoftheoldman.,本句等于“Thatwasthelasttimeformetoseeorhearotherthingsmentionhim”“那是我最后一次看到和听到有关这位老人的事.”hearof=toknowofafactorexistenceofsth.orsb.,toreceivenewsaboutsth.orsb.听到消息，听说;e.g.Heseemedtobevanished,Ineverheardofhimforages.(他好像消失了一样，好多年我没听到他的消息。)hearfrom=toreceivenewsfromsomeonebyletter收到的信;e.g.Itwaswar-time,Jennyhadntheardfromherhusbandforthreemonths.(当时正是战争时期，珍妮有三个月没收到丈夫的信了.),Ex.13Cloze(A),Whenthee(1)manenteredthepuddingshop,hisw(2)appearancemadeitquitee(3)thathecouldnota(4)tobuyanyoftheChristmaspuddingsthatwerelo(5)onthecounter.However,hes(6)themasifitwerehishonesti(7)topurchaseone.Heappearedoop(8)amongtheother,morep(9)customers;and,feelingthathehadprobablycd(10)intheworld,Idecidedtodohimaf(11)bybuyinghimone.Tomysurprise,however,heseemedquiteinsulted(受侮辱)bymyoffer;andimmediately(立即)co(12)whatlittlemoneyhehadtopurchaseoneforhimself.,Ex.14TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,1.萨姆买不起他极想要的那种照相机(camera),因为那相机太贵了。Samcouldntaffordtobuythecamerathathewantsverymuch,becauseitistooexpensive.2.整个上午他都在忙于写那篇故事，只是偶尔停下来喝杯茶。Hehadconcentratedonwritingthatstorythewholemorning,onlybrokeoffoccasionallytohaveacupoftea.3.他是个富人家的儿子，不过看上去已经家道中落了。Heisasonofarichfamily,however,heseemstohavecomedownintheworld.4.他常利用她缺乏(lack)生意头脑(businesssense)而欺骗她。Heoftencheatsherbytakingadvantageofherlackofbusinesssense.,Ex.14TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,5.王教授，请您赏光来参加我们星期六的英语晚会好吗?ProfessorWang,wouldyoupleasedousafavorbycomingto/attendingourEnglishEveningonSaturday?6.看外表他一点也不像是个八十多岁的人。Hedoesntseemtobeanoldmanofeightyyearsoldatall,consideringhisappearance.7.他们肯定没打算把他培养成一名工程师，我猜想他们永远也不会这样做。Undoubtedly,theydonothavetheintentionofmakinganengineerofhim,andIsuspecttheyneverwill.8.我怀疑这家工厂什么质量控制也没有。经过一周的观察，我发现情况果真如此。Isuspectedthattherewasnoqualitycontrolwhatsoeverinthefactory.AftermakingobservationsforaweekIfoundthiswasindeedthecase.,
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