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1,Unit9LetterofCredit信用证,2,9.1Introduction（简介）,目的：掌握如何申请开立信用证、或对信用证进行修改、延期及相关的回复。信用证（LetterofCredit）是国际贸易中最常用的支付方式，不仅适用于个别交易，也适用于系列交易。信用证的开证程序始于进口方。进口方通知开证行（IssuingBank）开立以出口方为受益人（Beneficiary）的信用证。信用证包含进出口双方达成交易的详细内容。信用证开出后，由开证行将信用证寄给出口方所在地的通知行（NotifyingBank）。接到信用证后，银行和出口方会对信用证进行审核。根据审核无误的信用证，出口方就可备货装运。装运后，出口方就可以缮制符合信用证要求的单据，再据此向议付行（NegotiationBank）交单议付，取得货款。,3,开证申请人（进口人）,受益人（出口人）,通知行/议付行,付款行/开证行,贸易合同,承运人,信用证结算方式,付款赎单,签署开证申请书,通知备款赎单,交单取货,交货取单,检验真伪后通知信用证,向议付行交单议付,审单垫款,开证行向通知行寄交信用证,议付行向开证行寄单索偿,审单偿付,信用证的基本业务程序,4,有时，进口方由于某种原因而未能按合同规定的时间开立信用证，这时，出口方应催促进口方迅速办理开证手续（UrgingEstablishmentofL/C），特别是大宗商品或进口方要求特制的商品，更应结合备货情况及时进行催证。催证信函的写作得讲究技巧，其目的是劝说对方给予紧密合作并履行其义务。如果催证信函措辞不当，就有可能激怒进口方，造成不愉快的后果。因此，除特殊情况外，不应在催证信函的一开始就强烈地指责对方没有履行合同，而应用礼貌的语气告诉对方货已备妥，但是相关的信用证还未开到。如果第一封信没有回音，紧接着，就要写第二封信，此时可向对方表示失望和惊讶。,5,如果出口方在审证时发现信用证条款存在与合同内容不相符的地方，这时就需要改证。改证要求一般是由出口方提出的。有时，出口方发现信用证条款需要修改也会提出改证要求。改证的一般程序是先由出口方征得进口方的同意，再由进口方向开证行申请修改信用证。出口方有时会由于某些原因，而不能在信用证规定的装运期内装运，这时出口方必须要求延长信用证的装运期和有效期。无论是信用证修改，还是信用证展期，对应信函的写作都要注意采用礼貌的语气。因为信用证的修改或展期耗时耗费，对进出口双方来说都是烦恼的事情。,6,9.2WritingSkills（写作技巧）,催证信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：,7,Inregardto,关于Inregardtoyourrequestforinformation,IregrettoinformyouthatIamunabletohelpyou.关于你需要情报的事，我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。Withregardtohardness,thediamondisinaclassbyitself.讲硬度，金刚钻是独一无二的。,8,uptonow,adv.到目前为止；至今；迄今Uptonowhesstillquiet.他直到现在仍保持沉默。,9,10,改证或信用证展期信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：,11,12,validity,n.有效，合法性；效力；正确性Somepeople,ofcourse,deniedthevalidityofanysuchclaim.当然，一些人否定了此类说法的合理性。,13,9.3SpecimenLetters（样函）,Letter1：UrgingestablishmentofL/CDearSirs,Pleaseopenacredit1ofGBP30,000withyourcorrespondentsinLondoninfavorof2theUniversalClothingCo,London,tobeavailabletotheCompanyuntilJuly31againstashipmentofwaterproofclothingbyS.S.CathayleavingLondonforTokyoonJuly24.WhentheconsignmentisshippedtheCompanyistodrawonyourcorrespondentsat60d/s.Thedocumentstoaccompanythedraftarethebilloflading,commercialandconsularinvoicesandinsurancepolicy.Kindlyaskyourcorrespondentstoseethattheinsurancepolicygivesfullcoverbeforetheyacceptthedraft.Yoursfaithfully,14,L/C常用搭配covering/regarding+goodsfortheamountof+amountinonesfavor+beneficiaryforonesaccount+payerwith/through+issuingbank,15,correspondent,n.通讯员，记者；通信者theBBCspoliticalcorrespondent英国广播公司的政治新闻记者,16,inonesfavor以为受益人。指有权享有信用证的利益的人，一般指出口商。inonesfavor与infavorof短语意思相同。e.g.Assoonasthelicenceisapproved,anL/Cwillbeopenedinyourfavour.只要许可证一批准，就开立以贵方为受益人的信用证。,17,Universal,adj.普遍的；通用的；全世界的；n.一般性Thedesiretolookattractiveisuniversal.爱美之心，人皆有之。Therearenoeconomicuniversals.没有普遍适用的经济学原理。,18,Cathay,n.（古文诗歌）中国HaveyouevertakenCathayPacific?你有没有搭过国泰航空公司的班机？,19,consignment,n.装运的货物；托运；委托，托管aconsignmentofmedicines运送的一批药物,20,accompany,陪伴；陪同KenagreedtoaccompanymeonatriptoAfrica.伴随；和一起发生（或同时存在）为（歌手或乐手）伴奏HesangandAliceaccompaniedhimonthepiano.他一边唱，艾丽斯一边为他钢琴伴奏。,21,Letter2：ImporternotifyingL/CarrangementDearSirs,Re:OrderNo.7766Weencloseanorderfor2,000(twothousand)waterproofraincoatsandhavemadearrangementswiththeBankofJapan,Tokyo,toopenacreditinyourfavor.ThecreditisvaliduntilJuly31andwillbeconfirmed3toyoubytheBanksLondonoffice,GreshamStreet,EC2P2EB.Pleasedrawonthemat60d/s.ItisunderstoodthatthegoodswillbeshippedbyS.S.Cathay,sailingfromLondononJuly24.,22,CartoncontainingthegoodsshouldbemarkedS.M.Theamountofourcredithasbeenfixedtoprovideadequatecoverforyourinvoice,whichshouldprovideforallcharges,includinginsurancetoTokyo.Pleasenotifyuswhenthegoodsareshipped.Yoursfaithfully,23,covervi.因为Thecountryseconomicproblemsarelargelyduetotheweaknessoftherecovery.该国的经济问题很大程度上是因为复苏乏力。2、到期的;预期的Theresultsaredueattheendofthemonth.预计月底会有结果。Paymentdue应付款项3、应有的;应得的;Iwassentachequefor1,525andadvisedthatnofurtherpensionwasdue.我收到了一张1,525英镑的支票，并被告知我应得的养老金到此为止。,27,liberal,开明的；开通的；（个人）自由主义的anationoffree-thinkingliberals思想开放的自由主义者的国度Theyfavourliberalfree-marketpolicies.他们支持开放的自由市场政策。大量的；丰富的Asalwaysheisliberalwithhisjokes.像平时一样，他出口就是笑话。,28,Letter4:UrgingestablishmentofL/CDearSirs,WithreferencetothegoodsunderourSalesConfirmationNo.5354,wewishtodrawyourattentiontothefactthatthedateofdeliveryisapproaching,butwehavenotyetreceivedthecoveringL/Ctodate.PleasedoyourutmosttoexpeditetheL/C,sothatwemayexecutetheordersmoothly.Inordertoavoidsubsequentamendment,pleaseseetoitthattheL/CstipulationsareinexactaccordancewiththetermsintheConfirmation.Hopetohearfavorablyfromyousoon.Yourstruly,29,deliverv.装运deliveryn.相关用法有：Make/effectthedeliveryItisagreedinourcontractthatyouwilleffectthedeliveryduringSeptember.合约中规定你方9月份装船。Deliverthegoods/orderWeshalldeliverthegoodsuponreceiptofyourrelevantL/C.收到你方相关信用证后我们将安排装运。,30,seetoitthat,务必要，保证Seetoitthatyourereadyontime!请务必按时准备好！Wemustseetoitthatallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.坚持法律面前人人平等。,31,Letter5：SelleraskingbuyertoextendL/CDearSirs,Re:LetterofCreditNo.AG8432WehavereceivedyourLetterofCreditNo.AG8432fortheamountofUSD2960tocoveryourOrderNo.806for20metrictonsofmineralfertilizer.Thesaidcreditcallsforshipmentonorbeforethe31stofDecember.AstheearlieststeamersailingforyourportistheS.S.PeacescheduledtoleaveShanghaionoraboutthe3rdofJanuary,itis,therefore,impossibleforustoeffectshipmentatthetimeyounamed.,32,Thisbeingthecase,wehavetoaskyoutobesokindastoextendthedateofshipmenttothe15thofJanuary,undercableadvicetous.Weunderstandthatcableamendmentiscostly,butthisisamatteroverwhichwecanexercisenocontrol.Yoursfaithfully,33,mineraln.矿物；矿石；矿物质；汽水adj.矿物的，似矿物的Aglassofmineralwater,please.Fertilizerenrichesthesoil.肥料使土壤肥沃。,34,Letter6：BuyersrefusalofextendingL/C（AreplytoLetter5）DearSirs,Wereceivedyourletterof15thOctoberrequestingustoextendourL/Cowingtothefactthatyouareunabletomakeshipmentwithinthestipulatedtime,weshallnotbeabletofulfillourcontractwithourclients.Besides,suchdelaywillcertainlycauseusalotofunnecessaryinconveniencesandexpenses.Wewould,therefore,askyoutotryyourutmosttoeffectshipmentaccordingtotheoriginalschedule.Intheeventofyourfailingtodoso,wewillhavetoaskyoutocompensateusforanylossarisingtherefrom.Weareawaitingyourimmediatereply.Yoursfaithfully,35,refusal,1.拒绝；回绝；不接受.herrefusaltoacceptchange.她对变革的拒绝2.优先取舍权；先买权Ifyouhaveagoodrapportwithadealer,theywillalwaysletyouhavefirstrefusalonanythinginteresting.如果你和经销商关系好，好东西他们会任你先挑。,36,Intheeventof,万一，倘若Intheeventoffire,ringthealarmbell.如果着火，就按警铃。,37,compensate,Nothingcancompensateforthelossofalovedone.失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。Sheusedhergoodlookstocompensateherlackofintelligence.她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。,38,therefromadv.从那里，从此；从中；由此Heopenedhisbagandtooktherefromanapple.他打开提袋从里面拿出一个苹果。,39,Letter7：RequestingamendmenttoL/CDearSirs,WeareinreceiptofyourletteronJuly20requestingustoshipallthe20setsofsafetypinmachines4inSeptember.Unfortunatelyweareunabletocomplywith5yourwishes.Whenweofferedthemachines,itwasexpresslystatedthatshipmentwouldbeeffectedinOctober.Ifyoudesireearlydelivery,wecanonlymakeapartialshipment6oftenmachinesinSeptemberandtheremainingteninOctober.Wehopethisarrangementwillbeagreeabletoyou.Shouldthisbeso,pleaseamendthecoveringcredittoallowpartialshipmentunderadvicetous.Pleasecableusyourconfirmationsothatwecanrequestthemanufacturerstoexpeditedelivery7.Sincerelyyours,40,pin钉；（用钉等）钉住；大头针的,Theypinnedanoticetothedoor.他们把通知钉在门上。pindown1.清楚地固定或建立wasfinallyabletopindownthecauseofthedisease.最后终于确定病因2.强迫某人提供确定意见或正确信息Thereporterpinnedthegovernordownontheissueofcapitalpunishment.记者强求州长在死刑问题上发表确切看法pinon将错事或罪行归于Themurderwaspinnedonthewrongdefendant.被告被错误地定了谋杀之罪,41,Letter8：OnamountinL/CandtimeofshipmentDearSirs,Re:L/CNo.12345IssuedbyBarclaysBankWeherebyacknowledgewiththanksreceiptof8thecaptionedL/Cfortheamountof9USD2,500coveringyourOrderNo.215forrapeseeds.ItappearsthattheamountofyourL/Cisinsufficient,asthecorrecttotalCIFvalueofyourordercomesto10USD2,650insteadofUSD2,500withadifferenceofUSD150.,42,Furthermore,whenwebookedyourorder,wemadeitclearthatdeliveryshouldbemadewithinonemonthafterreceiptofyourL/C.Nowyouareallowingusonlyhalfamonth.Asyoumaybewellaware,itisimpossibleforustogettheshipmentreadyinsuchashortperiodoftime.Inviewoftheabove,youarerequestedtoincreasetheamountofyourL/CbyUSD150,makingatotalofUSD2,650,andalsotoextendthetimeofshipmentto31stOctober.Yourpromptattentiontothismatterwillbeappreciated.Yoursfaithfully,43,Furthermore,adv.此外；而且；与此同时；再者Idontwanttogothere,furthermore,Ihavenotimetodoso.我不想去那里，而且我也没时间去。,44,aware,adj.意识到的；知道的；觉察到的Sheisawareofherownfailings.她了解自己的弱点。,45,Letter9：RequestingamendmenttoL/CDearSirs,Re:LetterofCreditNo.789WethankyouforyourL/CNo.789coveringyourOrderNo.0089for10metrictonsofZincOxide.YoufailedtomentionintheL/CthatthequalityofthematerialistobebasedonthecertificateofqualityissuedbyChinaCommodityInspectionBureau11,asyouagreedwhenplacingtheorder.,46,Onthecontrary,youinsertedintheL/Ctwoclausestotheeffectthatinspectionofthematerialwillbemadeattheportofdestinationandthatyouhavetherighttolodgeclaimsagainstuswithin10daysafterarrivaloftheshipment.Wearesorrytosaythatwecannotagreetosuchterms,andbelievethattheirbeingcontrarytoouragreementhasperhapsescapedyourattention12.YourpromptamendmenttotheL/Canddeletionofthetwoclausesisurgentlyrequested.Yoursfaithfully,47,Zinc锌;镀锌于；在上镀锌Hisbodyisinshortofzinc.他身体缺锌。,48,Inspection,1.检查;审视Hehadcompletedhisinspectionofthedoors.他已经检查完所有的门。2.视察;检阅ThePublicUtilitiesCommissioninspectsusonceayear.公共事业委员会每年到我们这里视察一次。,49,contraryto与相反；违反contrarytohisexpectations,hefoundtheatmosphereexciting.出乎他的意料，他发现气氛令人激动。,50,Letter10：OnamountinL/CDearSirs,WewishtoacknowledgereceiptofL/Cfortheamountof$2,500coveringyourOrderNo.315for8metrictonwalnut-meat.ItappearsthattheamountinyourL/Cisinsufficient,asthecorrecttotalCIFvalueofyourordercomesto$2,960insteadof$2,500,thedifferencebeing$460.Inviewoftheabove,pleaseincreasetheamountofyourL/Cby$460.Onreceiptofyouramendmentweshallarrangeshipmentwithoutfail13.Sincerelyyours,51,withoutfail,必定,一定Iwillgiveyouapresentonyourbirthdaywithoutfail.你生日时我一定送你一份礼物。,52,1Translatethefollowingappreciateyourconcessionuponreceiptoftheorderconsignmentagreementtoyourentiresatisfactionallowusacommissioneffectdeliveryontimemeetyourrequestreputationpurchaseorderquotationsheet,收到订单后,寄售合同,令你方完全满意,给我方佣金,按时装运,满足你方要求,感谢你方的让步,声誉,购货订单,报价单,53,不可撤销跟单信用证退回供存档申请开立信用证做出让步订购家具的订单合同条款软饮料应付款项,irrevocabledocumentaryL/C,returnforfile,applyforissuinganL/C,makeaconcession,orderforfurniture,contractterms,softdrink,paymentdue,54,2MatchtheEnglishphrasesandexpressionswiththeChineseones.(1)documentarycreditA.商业发票(2)issuingbankB.跟单信用证(3)commercialinvoiceC.提单(4)insurancepolicyD.开证行(5)partialshipmentE.保险单(6)incompliancewithF.根据(7)inonesfavorG.以为收益人(8)certificateoforiginH.产地证明书(9)subjecttoI.以为条件(10)billofladingJ.分批装运,55,Notestothespecimenletters1.openacredit开立信用证2.infavorof以为受益人3.confirm由保兑4.safetypinmachines安全别针机plywith满足6.partialshipment部分装运,56,Notestothespecimenletters7.expeditedelivery加速装运8.acknowledgereceiptof收到9.fortheamountof金额为eto等于11.ChinaCommodityInspectionBureau中国商品检验局12.escapeyourattention你方的疏忽13.withoutfail立即,57,9.4FocalWords（焦点词汇）,accountn.账目，账户，理由Weshallcreditthedifference,totalingGBP5000toyouraccount.OurbankdoesnotkeepanRMBaccountwiththeBankofChina,HeadOffice,Beijing.Wewishtogiveyouabriefaccountofsomeflexiblemeasuresweadopted.vi.&vt.报账，认为Theseexpensesofdifferentkindsshouldbeseparatelyaccountedfor.Allofthemaccounttheselinesareprofitablefieldsofinvestment.,58,foronesaccount由代理，为代购（销）WeherebyopenanirrevocableL/CNo.123infavorof,foraccountof.onaccount作为部分账款，以赊账方式，作为部门偿还HeowedUSD100andsentmeUSD50onaccount.onaccountof由于Webothunderstandourslippersareverypopularinyourmarketonaccountoftheirsuperiorqualityandcompetitiveprice.ononesownaccount自己承担风险Theydonotfeelabletomakepurchaseontheirownaccount.,59,amountn.数量，金额Wehavebeendoinganincreasingamountofbusinesswiththefirmmentionedinyourletterintherecentyears.WewouldliketogiveyouasampleordertoanamountofaboutUSD3,000.vi.合计，共计ThetotalvalueofthemachinesamountstoUSD2,000,000.Yourreplyamountstoarefusalofourrequest.,60,covervi.&vt.包括，涉及，偿付，弥补，投保Carriageisnotcoveredbyquotation.Thecompensationwillcoverthewholeloss.Pleaseopenaletterofcredittocovertheorder.Insuranceistobecoveredofbythebuyer.n.封袋，保险Underseparatecover,wearesendingyouthecountersamplesasrequested.Wehavedecidedtoarrangethenecessaryinsurancecover.coveragen.保险范围，投保总额，保证金Hehasfireandtheftcoverageonhisstore.Regardinginsurance,thecoverageisfor110%oftheinvoicevalueuptotheportofdestination.,61,issuevi.&vt.发行，开立，出版，收益WehavearrangedwithourbankerstoissueanL/Cinyourfavor.toissuesecurities（banknotes,cheques,stamps）发行证券（钞票、支票、邮票）Themagazineisissuedonceeveryweek.Littlemoneyissuedfromthestocks.n.发行，出版，期刊，问题，收益Stockholdersusuallyhavetherighttobuyadditionalstockfromanewissuebeforeitismadeavailabletogeneralpublic.issuern.（证券等）发行人，（信用证）开证银行，签发人，发布人issuing发行的，开证的，发货的,62,valuen.价值，价款，价格Thesearticlesarereallyofgoodvalue.TheyimportedgoodstothevalueofUSD50000.Insuranceistobecoveredbythesellersfor110%oftheinvoicevalue.vi.&vt.估价，评价Intangibleassetsareveryhardtovalueproperly.Wevalueyourenquiryverymuch.valuern.估价人，评价人valueon向开出汇票Youmayvalueonusfortheinvoiceamountat60dayssight.,
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