《级模板写作法》PPT课件.ppt

四级写作,模板写作法,考试类型,一、对比观点题型二、阐述主题题型三、解决方法题型四、说明利弊题型,一.对比观点题型（两类）,（1）要求论述两个对立的观点然后给出自己的看法。1有一些人认为2另一些人认为3我的看法,作文模板（3-4段）,Thetopicof_（主题）isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsofit.SomepeoplesayAistheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof_（支持A的理由一）Whatismore,_（理由二）.Moreover,_（理由三）.,作文模板,WhileothersthinkthatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,_（支持B的理由一）.Secondly（besides）,_（理由二）.Thirdly（finally）,_（理由三）.,作文模板,Frommypointofview,Ithink_（我的观点）.Thereasonisthat_（原因）.Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.,作文模板,（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Somepeoplebelievethat_（观点一）.Forexample,theythink_（举例说明）Anditwillbringthem_（为他们带来的好处）.,作文模板,Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,_（我不同意该看法的理由一）.Foranotherthing,_（理由二）FromallwhatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthat_（我对文章所讨论主题的看法）,二、阐述主题题型,要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述1阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义2分析并举例使其更充实,作文模板（3-4段）,Thegoodoldproverb_（名言或谚语）remindsusthat_（释义）.Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsformit.,作文模板,Firstofall,_（理由一）.Forexample,_（举例说明）.Secondly,_（理由二）.Anothercaseisthat_（举例说明）.Furthermore,_（理由三）,作文模板,Inmyopinion,_（我的观点）.Inshort,whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesay_A.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork,youllnecessarilybenefitalotfromit.,三、解决方法题型,要求列举出解决问题的多种途径1问题现状2解决方案（解决方案的优缺点）,作文模板（2-3段）,Inrecentdays,wehavetofaceaproblemA,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,_（说明的现状）Second,_（举例进一步说明现状）ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,_（解决方法一）.Foranother_（解决方法二）.Finally,_（解决方法三）.,作文模板,Personally,Ibelievethat_（我的解决方法）.Consequently(作为结果，因此),Imconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause_（带来的好处）.,四、说明利弊题型,往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后要求表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）1说明事物现状2事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）3你对现状（或前景）的看法,作文模板（3-4段）,NowadaysmanypeoplepreferAbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First_（的优点之一）.Besides_（的优点之二）.,作文模板,Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat_（第一个缺点）.Tomakemattersworse,_（的第二个缺点）,作文模板,：表达观点Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoverweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketo_（我的看法）,作文模板,：对事物前景预测FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofA,weshouldtakeitreasonablyanddoitaccordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlybythisway,_（对前景的预测）,四级写作（议论文框架）,一、不同观点列举型二、利弊型的议论文三、答题性的议论文四、谚语警句议论文,一、不同观点列举型框架（选择型）,Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat作文题目_.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat观点一_.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,原因一_.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,原因二_.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat观点一_.,文章框架,People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeopleholdtheideathat_观点二_.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand，原因一_.Ontheotherhand,原因二_.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat观点二_.,文章框架,AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat（观点一或二）_.Itisnotonlybecause_,butalsobecause_.Themore_,themore_.,二、利弊型议论文框架,Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover（theissuethat）_作文题目_.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin题目议题_.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,优点一_.Andsecondly优点二_.,利弊型议论文框架,Justasapopularsayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides,讨论议题_isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,缺点一_.Inaddition,缺点二_.,利弊型议论文框架,Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof讨论议题_intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe讨论议题_.,三、答题性议论文框架（解决问题）,Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover（theissuethat）作文题目_.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.,答题性议论文框架,Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,途径一_.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis途径二_。,答题性议论文框架,Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof作文题目_,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,方法_.,四、谚语警句议论文框架,Itiswellknowntousthattheproverb:谚语_hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans谚语含义_.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.（alsotheoretically）,谚语警句议论文框架,Acaseinpointis例子一_.Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb谚语_.,谚语警句议论文框架,WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:谚语_.Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.,四级写作,写作技巧,一、篇章连贯,1、具体到一般：先举具体的事例进行分析、说明，进而得出论证或结论，在段末往往以主题句的形式表现出来。2、一般到具体：表现为在文章段首以主题句的形式出现，然后通过具体的叙述、说明、举例使主题句变得具体、明白、易懂。,二、常用句型,、开头Itswellknowntousthat.Recently,.hasbeenbroughttopopularattention/hasbecomethefocusofpublicconcern.Oneoftheuniversalissueswearefacedwith/thatcauseincreasingconcernisthat.Peoplesview/opinions/ideason.varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplethinkthat.theyholdthisopinionbecause.However,othersholdthat.,常用句型,2、主要论述方法Accordingto.,butthereisnoevidencewhatsoevertoshow.Theexamplecited,whilesuggestiveofthesetrends,isinsufficienttowarranttheirtruthbecausethereisnoreasontobelievethatthedatadrawnform.isrepresentativeof.Asitstands,thisargumentsuffersfromthreecriticalflaws.,常用句型,3、结尾Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo.thantodoTakingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat.Itistimetotaketheadviceof.andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof.Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted/facedwithItishightimethatweputanendto.Otherwise,.,引出原因的四种表达,Therearethree/variousreasonsfor.Whatarethepossiblereasonsfor./Why.?Possiblereasonsfor.maybeasfollowsPossiblereasonsfor.maybea,bandc,引出解决方法的几种表达方式,TherearevarioussolutionstotheproblemWhatarethepossiblesolutionstoit?PossiblesolutionstoitareasfollowsPossiblesolutionstoitmaybepart-timejob,scholarshipandfinancialaid.,分析影响利弊常用表达,Therearethree/anumberofconsequencesof.bringsaboutsomegreat/seriousconsequences.involves/entailssomegreat/seriousconsequencesItssideeffectsareenormousPerhapsthemostserious/obviousconsequenceis.Theimmediateresultis.deprives/stripspeopleof.is/becomesthevictimof.willexercise/exertabeneficialinfluence/effect/impacton.,阐述解决方法常用表达,Suchatragedywouldnothappenifweknewthefollowingwaystohandle.(虚拟语气)Thekeywordsare.,.and.Onlyinthisway,could/can.(倒装结构）Itishightimethat.Theimpactcouldbeminimizedifwefollowtheways/suggestionsaboveThesearethesecretsofasuccessful.,AMotto,Whennothingseemstohelp,Igoandlookatastonecutterhammeringawayathisrockperhapsahundredtimeswithoutasmuchasacrackshowinginit.Yetatthehundredandfirstblow，itwillsplitintwo,andIknowitwasnotthatblowthatdiditbutallthathadgonebefore.JacobRiis,坚持雅各布里斯,当一切都无济于事的时候，我看见一个石匠在敲石头他一连敲了100次，石头仍然纹丝不动但当他敲第101次的时候，石头裂为两半可我知道，让石头裂开的不是那最后一击，而是前面的一百次敲击的结果,