资源描述
Unit4Makingthenews,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1._5Akjurita.正确的,精确的2._E5kju:zvt.指控,控告3._E5kwaiEvt.取得;获得;学到4._E5pCintmEntn.约会,任命5._E5pru:vvt.赞成,赞许,批准,认可6._keisn.事实,事例,案件7._5kCli:n.同事,同僚,同行8._5kCnsentreitvt.集中;聚集,集结9._kC:sn.路线;方向,过程10_di5fendvt.防御;保卫;为.辩护,accurate,accuse,acquire,appointment,approve,case,colleague,concentrate,course,defend,department,11._di5pB:tmEntn.司;处;科;系12._5i:Ea.热心的,热切的13._i5diFEnn.(发行物的)版;版本14._5IftIda.有天资的,有天赋的15._in5tenFEnn.意图,意向,目的16._5mi:nwaIln.ad.其时,其间17._5nC:mEla.正常的,正规的18._7Ckju5peiFEnn.工作,占领19._prE5sesn.过程,程序;制作法20._5teknikEla.工艺的;科技的,eager,edition,gifted,intention,meanwhile,normal,occupation,process,technical,二、单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Pleasestateyourname,age,ando_.2.Ithankyouverymuchindeedforyou_.(会见，接见)3.Shewassentabroadonadifficult_(assign).4.Ifyoudontc_moreonyourwork,youwilllosethejob.5.Ifyouare_(curiosity)aboutAustralia,justreadthebook.,curious,occupation,interview,assignment,concentrate,6.Iwenttocollege,m_,allmyfriendsgotwell-paidjobs.7.Sandycoulddonothingbut_(承认)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.8.Smokingisoneofthec_causesoflungcancer.9.Heisamusicianwithgreatt_skillbutnotmuchfeeling.10.DavidandIarec_.Weworkinthesamecompany.,colleagues,meanwhile,admit,chief,technical,三、词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Sheintendstomaketeachingher_（professional）.2.Hewas_（gift）withagoodvoice.3.Alargeofficerequires（employ）theofmanypeople.4.Itis_(normal)foramantowalkinhissleep.5.Ourvisitorsarrivedatthe_(appointment)time.,profession,gifted,employment,abnormal,appointed,6.Wewenttothepartywithourparents_(approve).7.Sheshowsgreat_(eager)forsuccess.8.They_(reporter)themovementsoftheenemytroopstotheheadquarters.9.Hewasfilledwith_(guilty)athavingfailedhisparents.10Heisa_（photograph）forlifemagazine.,approval,eagerness,reported,guilt,photographer,四、词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1.随身携带2.渴望做3.集中精力与4.专修一门课程5.以后,bringwith,beeagertodo,concentrateon,takeacourse,lateron,6._获得你需要的所有信息7.有对新闻非常敏感的“嗅觉”8.依赖9.职业诀窍10._有证据支持我们的故事,acquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow,haveanoseforastory,havetheevidencetosupportourstory,dependon,atrickofthetrade,11.tellthewholetruth12._findoutthemissingpartofthestory13.getthewrongendofthestick14accusesb.of(doing)sth.15.Thisishowthestorygoes.,说出全部真相,查明故事被遗漏的部分,完全搞错了,指控某人做某事,事情是这样的,16.soasto17.besupposedtohavedone18.arrangeaninterview19.lookforwardto(doing)sth.20.thefirstassignmentasareporter,当记者的首次任务,为了,理应做过某事,安排采访,盼望做某事,五、词组运用根据句子提供的语境，或汉语提示，从第四大题中选一个适当的短语并用其适用的形式完成英文句子。1.Imust(集中精力)myworknow.2.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotograph,butI_atuniversity,soitsactuallyofspecialinteresttome.3.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyou(获得你需要的所有信息).,concentrateon,tookacourse,acquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow,4.Afootballerfordeliberatelynotscoringgoalssoastolettheotherteamwin.5.Youhavetopreparethenextquestion_whatthepersonsays.(你要根据那个人所说的话准备下一个问题),dependingon,wasaccusedoftakingmoney,6.我期盼着当记者的首次任务。myfirstassignmentasareporter.7.麦琪急于来看我。Maggie.8.两个见证人都没有讲出全部真相。Neitherwitness.9.Hecametoschoolearly_(为了)cleantheclassroom.10.Wesayagoodreportermust_(对非常敏感)astory.,haveanosefor,Imlookingforwardto,waseagertovisitme.,toldthewholetruth,soasto,occupationnajoboremployment职业takingpossession占有occupation,job,work,profession和trade辨析四个词都有“工作”之意。occupation较为正式，经常用在填写表格上。job是可数名词，可指一个单独任务，也可指工作职位work是不可数名词，泛指一切工作。profession一般指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水平的某一行业、职业，如医生或律师。,Languagepoints,Practice:选词填空（occupation,job,profession,work)a.Pleasestateyourname,ageand_below.b.Ihaveafew_todointhehousethismorning.c.Lookingafterchildrenalldayishard_d.Myhusbandisattheverytoofmedical_.,occupation,jobs,work,profession,CanIgooutonastoryimmediately?我可以马上出去采访吗？on后接一些名词如visit,holiday,business,trip等，常与come,go等动词连用，用来说明活动或状态。Practice:她决定今年暑假去一趟英国。Shedecidedtogo_toEnglandthissummer.他去了长途旅行。Hehasbeenaway_.,onavisit,onalongtrip,NOneedforacamera!不需要带相机！noneed是句型Thereisnoneed的省略形式，need后面可以接for/of(doing)sth或(forsb)todo作后置定语。,介词填空：Thereisnoneed_thatsortofthing.Thereisnoneed_hurrying;westillhavetime.Thereisnoneed_youtoworryaboutthematter.,for,of,for,experiencedadj.有经验的在你家谁有经验做饭？Whoisexperiencedincookinginyourfamily?,Lateryoucancoverastoryandsubmitthearticleyourself.晚些时候，你就可以独自去进行新闻采访并递交稿件了。submit在这句话种表示“递交；呈送”。如：Hesubmittedanessaytohistutor.他向导师地叫了一篇论文。submit还可以表示“屈服；顺从”。如：Theyrefusedtosubmittothepressure.他们据不屈服于压力。,cover1).Shewassenttocovertheevent.()2).Theroadwascoveredwithsnow.()3).Shelaughedtocoverherworry.(),报道,采访,覆盖,遮盖,4).Theredarmycoveredabout30milesaday.()5).Isthemoneyenoughtocoverthecostofanewshirt?()6).Thecitycoverstensquaremiles.()7).SofarthismonthIhavecoveredtenlessons.(),走完多少里路,（钱）够支付,有多少面积,看完多少页书,beeagerforsth.(eg.success)渴望，很想beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerthatclause他很渴望见到他的女儿。_我们都很想那项工程早点开始。_,Hewas(is)eagertoseehisdaughter,Wewereeagerthattheprojectwouldstartearly.,concentratevt.togiveallonesattentiontosthandnottothinkaboutanythingelse.集中tocomeorbringtogetheratoneplace聚集concentrateon(doing)sth专注于（做）某事concentratethe/onesmind集中注意力；聚精会神concentrateoneseffort/attentiononsth集中力量/注意力于某事concentrationn.专心；聚集,Practice:,完成句子：Stoptalkingand_.(专心工作)b.Nothing_(集中注意力)betterthantheknowledgethatyoucoulddietomorrow.c.Idecidedto_(全力以赴)findingsomewheretolive.,concentrateonyourwork,concentratesthemind,concentrateallmyeffortson,concentrateon/uponsth./doingsth._Weshould_ourstudy.Tomis_fishing.,集中精力做,concentrateon/upon,concentrating/edon/upon,haveanosefor对嗅觉灵敏,表示探查或发现某事的能力。此类形象表达法还有：Shehasanearformusic.()Shehasaneyeforcolorandstyleinclothes.(),对有欣赏能力,对有眼光,Dontpokeyournoseintootherpeoplesbusiness.()Georgeturnedhisnoseupatclassicalmusic.()Telluswhathappened.Weareallears.()HeturnedadeafeartowhatIsaid.()Donttellhimanything.Hehasabigmouth.(),管闲事，插手与己无关的事,对不屑一顾，看不起,正在听着，洗耳恭听,对听不进去,嘴不严,Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.只有提很多不同的问题，你才能收集到你所需要的信息。放在句首的状语若由“only+副词”，“only+介词词组”，“only+状语从句”构成，可引起局部倒装，即把助动词，情态动词或系动词be放在主句之前。如：,OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmyhealth.只是在那时我才认识到健康的重要性。Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1945washeabletogetbacktowork.只是在1945年战争结束后他才得以回去工作。,meanwhile=meantime=inthemeantime=atthesametime妈妈去购物，与此同时，我打扫房间。,Mymotherwentshopping.Meanwhile,Icleanedthehouse.,meanwhile,during,while词义辨析,meanwhile意为“同时”,与atthesametime意思相同。意为“期间”时，是副词，在句中单独做状语。during意为“在、期间”，是介词，后接名词、代词。while意为“在、期间”，是连词，引导时间状语从句。,Thisisatrickofthetrade.这就是我们这个行业的诀窍了。tricksofthetrade(内行人的)诀窍。另外还可以表示吸引顾客，在竞争中取胜的手段或生意经。如：Ifyouwanttostartyourowncarbusiness,youshouldaskhisadvice.Heknowsallthetricksofthetrade.你要想自己做骑车生意，最好向他讨教，他对这行的诀窍完全清醒。,soastodosth.“为了”不能用在句首=inordertodosth.可放句子中任何位置=sothat+从句=inorderthat+从句句型转换:Igotupatfivesoastocatchthetrain=_=_,Igotupatfiveinordertocatchthetrain.,IgotupatfivesothatIcouldcatchthetrain.,我买了些牛肉和蔬菜，为的是给晚饭做个汤Iboughtsomebeefandvegetables_Iboughtsomebeefandvegetables_Iboughtsomebeefandvegetables_Iboughtsomebeefandvegetables_,soastomakeasoupfordinner.,inordertomakeasoupfordinner,sothatIcouldmakeasoupfordinner,inorderthatIcouldmakeasoupfordinner,Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomebodyaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick？getthewrongendofthestick完全误解，弄错他完全搞错了。He_.,got(heldof)thewrongendofthestick,accusesb.ofsth._=chargesb.withsth.相同结构的有：_提醒某人_抢了某人_通知某人_治愈，治疗某人_警告某人,因某事指责/控告某人,remindsb.ofsth.,robsb.ofsth.,informsb.ofsth.,curesb.ofsth.,warnsb.ofsth.,accuse,charge,blame词义辨析,accuse（指控）sb.of(doing)sth.charge(指控）sb.with(doing)sth.accuse(指责）sb.of(doing)sth.blame（责备）sb.for(doing)sth.,他被警察指控谋杀。_.Tom_hisbossofhavingbrokenhisword.A.blamedB.accusedC.chargedD.scolded,Hewasaccusedofmurderbythepolice,B,themanwassupposedtobribedhimbesupposedtodo应当，认为必须besupposedtohavedone表示理应做过某事，（但可能没做）他大约一小时后到。He_inaboutanhour.杰克现在应当完成工作了。Jack_.,issupposedtobehere,issupposedtohavefinishedthework.,accurateadj.正确无误的,精确的,准确的accuracyn.准确，精确preciseadj.精确的，独特的，精细的exactadj.正确的，准确的，严谨的，精密的accuratelyadv.精确，准确correctadj.正确的，准确,LanguagePointsforUsingLanguage,1)_statistics,measurements,calculations,areveryimportant.2)Itsimpossibletosaywithany_howmanyareaffected.3)Thisisthe_dressforaformaldinner.4)The_timeisthreeminutesandthirty-fiveseconds.,Accurate,correct,accuracy,exact,5)Theybothcamehereat_thesametime.6)Heis_ineverything.7)Thediagramhadbeencopiedwithgreat_.8)Heisamanwitha_mind.,precise,precise,exactly,precision,edition版本,书报等一次发行总数editorn.编辑editorialadj.（定语）编辑的n.社论，社评editv.编辑，剪辑editsth.outof(sth)删除,notev.注意，观察，记录n.摘记，短信，注释，纸币，音调，暗示，含义notedown记录notedadj.闻名的，著名的take/makeanoteof记录sound/strikeanoteof表示某种感情观点comparenotes交流看法,chiefadj.最重要的,主要的,最高权威的辨析：chief,principal和majorchief主要的，首要的.指人时表示地位高、权力大，指物时表示重要。principal首要的，主要的。正式用语。由于某中重要性而具有首要的地位。major主要的，首要的。指与他物相对比时突出显赫的地位。,翻译句子他是我们的处长那场意外事故的主要原因是什么？上海是中国的主要城市之一。,Heisthechiefofmydepartment.,Whatsthechiefcauseoftheaccident?,ShanghaiisoneofthechiefcitiesofChina.,senioradj.年长的，（级别、职位、资格）较高的，高年级的（作定语）seniorn.年较长的人，毕业班或高年级的学生junioradj.较幼的，较小的superioradj.较高的，优越的，优良的，不屈服的注意：本身都是比较级形式，无须再添加more或-er；这三个词用于比较级中不与than连用，而与to连用。,1)Heisnotsuperiortotemptation.2)Thisengineissuperiorinmanyaspects.3)Heistwoyearsseniortome.4)Iwillhavetoaskmysuperior.5.)Heiswearingasuperiorsmile.,他经不住诱惑。,他脸上带有高傲的微笑。,那事我得先问一下我们公司老板。,他比我大两岁。,这台发动机在很多方面性能都非常优越。,approvev.赞成，认可，满意，批准，通过approvaln.赞成、同意、认可onapproval(指货物）不满意可以退换的approvingadj.赞许的、认可的approvedschool少年罪犯教养院（感化院）,Youcanjointheclassifyourmotherapproves.2)Youmadeagooddecision,andIthoroughlyapproveit.3)Shereceivedmanyapprovingglances.4)Idontapproveofsmokinginbed.,你作出了一个好决定，我不折不扣（衷心）地表示赞同。,你可以参加这个班，如果你母亲同意的话。,她赢得了很多赞许的目光。,我不赞成躺在床上吸烟。,Grammar,Inversion,基本语序naturalorder,subject主+predicate谓+object宾,IloveEnglish.,倒装Inversions把谓语动词放在主语之前,叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be动词等放在主语之前，叫部分倒装。Herecomesmylistof.(全倒)NeverwillZhouYangforget.（半倒）,原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.,全部倒装,1.用于therebe句型。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.,.用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Nowcomesourturn.Outwentthechildren.,名词,注意：,代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。,Hereyouare!Outtheywent.,3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。,Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Underthetreestandsalittleboy.,4.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsataboy.,强调状语,PresentatthemeetingwasMissLi.,强调表语,Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.,保持句子结构平衡,.用于only开头的句子(修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.,部分倒装,.用于never,hardly,seldom,little,atnotime,notonly,rarely,little,notabit等否定词开头的句子里。NevershallIdothisagain.,.用于nosoonerthan,hardlywhen和notuntil的句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.,.用于so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。Jackcannotanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.HehasbeentoBeijing._SohaveI.Sohehas,我也去过。是的，他确实去过。,SuchaninterestingbookisitthatJohnhasreadittwice.,.在so/suchthat的结构中,若so/such置于句首,则句子部分倒装.)ItissuchaninterestingbookthatJohnhasreadittwice.2.)ItissointerestingabookthatJohnhasreadittwice.,SointerestingabookisitthatJohnhasreadittwice.,.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.,.用于省略if的虚拟条件句Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexaminationHadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.,.用于某些祝愿的句子。Mayyousucceed.,1.-DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?-Idontknow,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso,配套练习,.Multiplechoices.,2.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didntthevillagersrealized,3.Onlyinthisway_doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.canweD.wecan4.Hardly_whenitbegantorain.A.hadhearrivedB.arrivedheC.hehadarrivedD.didhearrive,5.Onlywhenclassbegan_thathehadlefthisbookathome.A.willrealizeB.hedidrealizeC.didherealizeD.shouldherealize6.Notasinglemistake_inthedictationyesterday.A.didhemakeB.madebyhimC.hemadeD.hehadmade,7.Nosooner_histalkthanhe_bytheworkers.A.hefinished;surroundedallB.didhefinish;didsurroundC.hadhefinished;wassurroundedD.afterhefinished;wassurroundednear,8.Little_knowaboutverbs,Franz_hishead.A.didhe;darenotliftB.he;darenotliftC.didhe;darenottoliftD.doesnt;doesntdarelift,9.Ifinallygotthejob.Neverinalllife_sohappy.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt,10.Innocountry_Britain,ithasbeensaid,_experiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.otherthan;onecanB.otherthan;canoneC.ratherthan;onecanD.ratherthan;canone,把下列句子改为倒装。,1.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore._Iseenhim.2.shehadhardlygoneoutwhenastudentcametoseeher._whenastudentcametoseeher.,Neverbeforehave,Hardlyhadshegoneout,3.Ididntgothere.hedidntgothereeither.Ididntgothere,_.,neither/nordidhe,4.AterribleGenie(妖怪)stoodbeforethefisherman.Beforethefisherman_.,stooda,terribleGenie,5.peopleseldomdidexperimenttotesttheirideas._totesttheirideas.,Seldomdidpeopledoexperiment,6.YoucanlearnEnglishwellonlyinthisway._youlearnEnglishwell.,Onlyinthiswaycan,7.LuXunwasnotonlyagreatwriter,butalsoagreatthinker._agreatwriter,butalsoagreatthinker.,NotonlywasLuXun,8.Itdidntstopraininguntilmidnight._itstopraining.,Notuntilmidnightdid,
展开阅读全文