Windows程序设计课件第四章.ppt

1,第四讲Windows窗口程序基础,主讲：何军2011-秋季学期,2,Refreshing,Win32API简介进程控制API,3,Outline,Windows窗口基本知识窗口程序“HelloWorld”Windows的消息驱动实例剖析,4,1.Windows窗口基本知识,5,1.1GUI,什么是GUI?GraphicalUserInterface（图形化用户界面）,6,窗口的基本组成,7,2.窗口“HelloWorld”,8,2.1创建Win32工程,9,2.2窗口程序结构,10,2.3窗口程序中的重要函数,WinMain函数什么是APIENTRY?,intAPIENTRYWinMain(HINSTANCEhInstance,HINSTANCEhPrevInstance,LPTSTRlpCmdLine,intnCmdShow),11,#ifdef_MAC#defineCALLBACKPASCAL#defineWINAPICDECL#defineWINAPIVCDECL#defineAPIENTRYWINAPI#defineAPIPRIVATECDECL#ifdef_68K_#definePASCAL_pascal#else#definePASCAL#endif#elif(_MSC_VER=800)|defined(_STDCALL_SUPPORTED)#defineCALLBACK_stdcall#defineWINAPI_stdcall#defineWINAPIV_cdecl#defineAPIENTRYWINAPI#defineAPIPRIVATE_stdcall#definePASCAL_stdcall#else#defineCALLBACK#defineWINAPI#defineWINAPIV#defineAPIENTRYWINAPI#defineAPIPRIVATE#definePASCALpascal#endif,12,2.3窗口程序中的重要函数,RegisterClassEx函数,ATOMMyRegisterClass(HINSTANCEhInstance)WNDCLASSEXwcex;wcex.cbSize=sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);wcex.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;wcex.lpfnWndProc=WndProc;wcex.cbClsExtra=0;wcex.cbWndExtra=0;wcex.hInstance=hInstance;wcex.hIcon=LoadIcon(hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_WIN32HELLO);wcex.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);wcex.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);wcex.lpszMenuName=MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_WIN32HELLO);wcex.lpszClassName=szWindowClass;wcex.hIconSm=LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL);returnRegisterClassEx(,13,2.3窗口程序中的重要函数,WndProc函数,LRESULTCALLBACKWndProc(HWNDhWnd,UINTmessage,WPARAMwParam,LPARAMlParam)PAINTSTRUCTps;HDChdc;switch(message)caseWM_PAINT:hdc=BeginPaint(hWnd,14,WinMain中的消息循环,2.3窗口程序中的重要函数,/Mainmessageloop:while(GetMessage(,15,2.4两个问题？,WinMain函数中的消息循环是死循环吗？在程序中没有看到WndProc函数被调用，它是如何起作用的？,16,Callback机制,17,3.Windows消息驱动,18,3.1消息机制,操作系统支持消息机制消息队列进程间相互通讯的机制消息的同步处理SendMessage消息的异步处理PostMessage,/*Messagestructure*/typedefstructtagMSGHWNDhwnd;UINTmessage;WPARAMwParam;LPARAMlParam;DWORDtime;POINTpt;#ifdef_MACDWORDlPrivate;#endifMSG,*PMSG,NEAR*NPMSG,FAR*LPMSG;,19,3.1消息机制,窗口中各种操作均对应于某种消息最大化，最小化窗口激活窗口移动也可自定义消息,#defineWM_NULL0 x0000#defineWM_CREATE0 x0001#defineWM_DESTROY0 x0002#defineWM_MOVE0 x0003#defineWM_SIZE0 x0005#defineWM_ACTIVATE0 x0006#defineWM_SETFOCUS0 x0007#defineWM_KILLFOCUS0 x0008#defineWM_ENABLE0 x000A#defineWM_SETREDRAW0 x000B#defineWM_SETTEXT0 x000C#defineWM_GETTEXT0 x000D#defineWM_GETTEXTLENGTH0 x000E#defineWM_PAINT0 x000F#defineWM_CLOSE0 x0010#defineWM_QUIT0 x0012#defineWM_ERASEBKGND0 x0014#defineWM_SYSCOLORCHANGE0 x0015#defineWM_SHOWWINDOW0 x0018#defineWM_WININICHANGE0 x001A#defineWM_DEVMODECHANGE0 x001B#defineWM_ACTIVATEAPP0 x001C#defineWM_FONTCHANGE0 x001D#defineWM_TIMECHANGE0 x001E#defineWM_CANCELMODE0 x001F#defineWM_SETCURSOR0 x0020#defineWM_MOUSEACTIVATE0 x0021#defineWM_CHILDACTIVATE0 x0022#defineWM_QUEUESYNC0 x0023,20,GetMessage何时返回FALSE?WM_QUIT,3.2消息机制的几个重要函数,/Mainmessageloop:while(GetMessage(,BOOLWINAPIGetMessage(_outLPMSGlpMsg,_in_optHWNDhWnd,_inUINTwMsgFilterMin,_inUINTwMsgFilterMax);,21,TranslateMessage与DispatchMessage把键盘输入翻译成为可传递的消息分发一个消息到对应窗口的窗口函数,3.2消息机制的几个重要函数,BOOLWINAPITranslateMessage(_inCONSTMSG*lpMsg);,LRESULTWINAPIDispatchMessage(_inCONSTMSG*lpMsg);,22,SendMessage与PostMessage消息传递的两个重要函数同步传递SendMessage异步传递PostMessage,3.2消息机制的几个重要函数,LRESULTWINAPISendMessage(_inHWNDhWnd,_inUINTMsg,_inWPARAMwParam,_inLPARAMlParam);,BOOLWINAPIPostMessage(_in_optHWNDhWnd,_inUINTMsg,_inWPARAMwParam,_inLPARAMlParam);,23,3.3Windows消息循环,24,4.实例剖析,25,26,本节课小结,27,重要概念,Callback函数（回调函数）消息驱动（消息循环）,28,新的Win32API,消息循环相关GetMessage,TranslateMessage,DispatchMessage,PostMessage,PostQuitMessage窗口相关CreateWindow,ShowWindow,UpdateWindow,DestroyWindow图形界面相关BeginPaint,EndPaint,TextOut,