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Copyrightlaw-summary,CopyrightlawintheU.S.isgovernedbyfederalstatute,namelytheCopyrightActof1976.TheCopyrightActpreventstheunauthorizedcopyingofaworkofauthorship.However,onlythecopyingoftheworkisprohibited-anyonemaycopytheideascontainedwithinawork.Forexample,acopyrightcouldcoverawrittendescriptionofamachine,buttheactualmachineitselfisnotcovered.Thus,noonecouldcopythewrittendescription,whileanyonecouldusethedescriptiontobuildthedescribedmachine.CopyrightscanberegisteredintheCopyrightOfficeintheLibraryofCongress,butnewlycreatedworksdonotneedtoberegistered.Infact,itisnolongernecessarytoevenplaceacopyrightnoticeonaworkforittobeprotectedbycopyrightlaw.However,theCopyrightActdoesprovideadditionalbenefitstothosewhoregisterwiththeCopyrightOffice.Consequently,copyrightregistrationandtheuseofacopyrightnoticeisrecommended.,Copyrightlaw-RightsGrantedUnderCopyrightLaw,1,therighttoreproduce复制ThereproductionrightisperhapsthemostimportantrightgrantedbytheCopyrightAct.Underthisright,nooneotherthanthecopyrightownermaymakeanyreproductionsorcopiesofthework.Examplesofunauthorizedactswhichareprohibited（禁止）underthisrightincludephotocopyingabook,copyingacomputersoftwareprogram,usingacartooncharacteronat-shirt,andincorporating（合并）aportionofanotherssongintoanewsong.,2，therighttopreparederivative(派生的）worksTherighttomakeaderivativeworkoverlapssomewhatwiththereproductionright.AccordingtotheCopyrightAct,aderivativeworkisaworkbasedupononeormorepreexistingworks,suchasatranslation,musicalarrangement,dramatization,motionpictureversion,soundrecording,artreproduction,abridgment（文摘）,oranyotherforminwhichaworkmayberecast,transformed,oradapted.,3，therighttodiscribecopiesoftheworktopublicThedistributionrightgrantstothecopyrightholdertheexclusive(独有的）righttomakeaworkavailabletothepublicbysale,rental（租赁）,lease,orlending.Thisrightallowsthecopyrightholdertopreventthedistributionofunauthorizedcopiesofawork.Inaddition,therightallowsthecopyrightholdertocontrolthefirstdistributionofaparticularauthorizedcopy.,4，therighttoperformthecopyrightedworkpubliclyThepublicperformancerightallowsthecopyrightholdertocontrolthepublicperformanceofcertaincopyrightedworks.Thescopeoftheperformancerightislimitedtothefollowingtypesofworks:literaryworks,musicalworks,dramaticworks,Choreographic(舞台舞蹈的)works,pantomimes,(哑剧)motionpictures,andaudiovisualworks.,5，therighttodisplaythecopyrightedworkpubliclyThepublicdisplayrightissimilartothepublicperformanceright,exceptthatthisrightcontrolsthepublicdisplayofawork.Thisrightislimitedtothefollowingtypesofworks:literaryworks;musicalworks;dramaticworks;choreographicworks;pantomimes;pictorialworks;graphicalworks;sculpturalworks;andstills(individualimages)frommotionpicturesandotheraudiovisualworks.,CopyrightOwnership,Oneofthemostimportantconcernsincopyrightlawisthedeterminationofcopyrightownership.Thegeneralruleisthatthecreatoroftheworkistheownerofallcopyrightinterestsinthework.However,wheretwoormorepartiescreateaworktogether,copyrightownershipbecomesamoredifficultissue.Inaddition,copyrightownershipismoredifficulttodeterminewhenthecreatorofaworkisbeingpaidbyathird-partytocreatethework.,1,JointAuthorship,Whenseveralpeopleworktogethertocreateasinglework,ajointworkmaybecreatedundertheCopyrightAct.AjointworkisdefinedbytheCopyrightActas:“aworkpreparedbytwoormoreauthorswiththeintentionthattheircontributionsbemergedintoinseparableorinterdependentpartsofaunitarywhole”.,2,WorksMadeforHire-TheStandard,Inaworkmadeforhiresituation,theauthoroftheworkisnolongertheindividualwhocreatedthework.Instead,theauthorisconsideredtobetheentitywhichhiredtheactualcreatorsofthework(suchasacorporationforwhomtheauthorworksasanemployee).,Termination(终结)ofTransfers,Althoughacopyrightownerisfreetotransferhercopyrightrightsassheseesfit,theCopyrightActcontainsanon-revocable（可撤销）rightforacopyrightownertoterminateanycopyrighttransfer.Thepurposeforthisistogivethecreatoroftheworkorthecreatorsheirs（继承者）asecondchancetoexploittheworkinsituationswherethevalueoftheworkmayhavebeensignificantlyenhancedsincetheoriginaltransfer.Generally,thereisafiveyearwindowoftimetoaccomplishtheterminationbeginningeitherat1，35yearsfromtheassignmentifthetransferwasmadeonorafterJanuary1,1978;or2，56yearsfromthedatecopyrightwasoriginallysecuredifthetransferwasmadebeforeJanuary1,1978.,Thankyou！2011.6.8,
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