资源描述
怎么考词语的派生是语法填空题的必考点之一，考查考生在理解上下语境的基础上，由所给词派生出其他词来。通常涉及形容词与副词之间的转换；动词(或名词)加后缀变成形容词的转换；动词加后缀变成名词的转换；形容词加后缀变成名词的转换；动词加后缀变成“人”的名词转换；加否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀的转换等。,怎么学在平时的学习中，注意积累常用后缀及前缀的用法，同时积累常用词的转化。怎么解首先要分析句子结构，看空格处要填的词在句子中充当什么成分；然后回顾思考充当这一成分需要哪类词，再看括号中所给词是什么词类，应如何将其转换成所需词类。,.语境感悟根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空，然后朗读或背诵短文，体会各种前缀、后缀等派生词的用法。Johnandhisfathernevermadean_1_(agree)ononething，sotheyoften_2_(approve)ofeachother，fortherewassomemisunderstandingbetweenthem.Onceona_3_(sun)day，Johnandhisparentswenttodinnerathisaunts_4_(invite).Ontheir_5_(arrive)，Johndidntsay“hello”for_6_(fear).Whentheyleftafterdinner，Johnsaid“Bye-bye！”,tohisauntinalowvoice.However，hisfatherdidnthearit.HethoughtJohnwas_7_(polite)，and_8_(behave)himself，withoutsayinggoodbye.Fromthenon，Johnsfathermadecomplaints_9_(continue)，andJohnwas_10_(friend)tohisfather，anddidntbackhim，whichmadehisfatherextremelyunhappy.Undoubtedly,itisunwiseofJohntodoso.Afterall，theyarefatherandson.Hisfathersenthimtoaclassofmannersto,_11_(rich)hisknowledgeofmanners，whichhisfatherbelievedwouldenablehimtobeagood-manneredboy.Johnsfathersaidhewas_12_(anger)athissons_13_(honest)，whichwould_14_(certain)endangerhisfuture.Hisfathers_15_(stop)nonsensecausedJohnmuchdiscomfort.Johnhadtogototheclass.Lateron，hedideverythingagainsthisfatherswill.,答案1.agreement动词加后缀变成名词，作动词宾语。2.disapproved加否定前缀，词性不变，在句中作谓语。3.sunny名词加后缀变成形容词，在句中作定语。4.invitation动词加后缀变成名词，作介词宾语。5.arrival动词加后缀变成名词，作介词宾语。6.fearforfear由于害怕。7.impolite形容词加否定前缀，词性不变，作表语。8.misbehaved动词加否定前缀，词性不变，作谓语。,9.continuously由动词变成形容词，再加后缀变成副词，常作状语。10.unfriendly名词同时加前缀与后缀，变成其他词性、词义。11.enrich形容词加前缀，变成动词，作谓语。12.angry名词加后缀变成形容词，作表语。13.dishonesty名词同时加前缀与后缀，派生其它词性、词义。14.certainly形容词加后缀变成副词，作状语等。15.nonstop动词加否定前缀，词性常不变化。,.考点确认一、常考前缀1.表示否定或相反意义的前缀dis-，mis-，un-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，anti-：disagree，misunderstand，unwilling，illegal，impossible，nonstop2.形容词变动词的前缀en-：ableenable；largeenlarge，richenrich3.其他inter-相互，over-超过；re-重新，ex-以前的，super-超，vice-副：interaction，overweight，reuse，ex-husband，supernatural，vice-chairman,二、常考后缀1.形容词ly变成副词：realreally，angryangrily，possiblepossibly2.动词或名词变成形容词的后缀-able，-ful，-ous，-y，-al，-ible，-ive，-ary：naturenatural，useuseful，continuecontinuous，healthhealthy3.动词变名词的后缀-al，-ance，-ence，-tion，-ssion，-ment，-ture，-y：arrivearrival，appearappearance，existexistence，inviteinvitation,4.形容词变名词的后缀-cy，-dom，-ence，-th，-age，-ty，-ity：fluentfluence，wisewisdom，silentsilence，growgrowth，safesafety5.表示人的后缀-er，-or，-ist，-ee，-ess，-ese，-an，-ian，-ant：teacher，inventor，artist，employee，Chinese，American，musician，servant6.表示否定的后缀-less：hopeless，endless，fearless，careless，treeless，meaningless7.形容词变动词的后缀-en，-fy：broadbroaden，classclassify8.名词变动词的后缀-ize：apologyapologize,三、转化法1.名词动词：backn.背vt.支持，seatn.座容纳2.动词名词：walktakeawalk，surveymakeasurvey3.形容词动词：slowadj.慢的v.减慢,四、合成法1.名词名词名词：classroom，teamwork，newspaper2.形容词名词名词：blackboard，highway3.副词名词名词：overcoat，underground，outbreak4.副词动词动词：update，overlook5.名词动词动词：sun-bathe，proof-read6.名词分词形容词：man-made，hand-made，peace-keeping7.形容词分词形容词：good-looking,
展开阅读全文