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Unit3Underthesea,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.annualadj.每年的;按年度计算的n.年刊;年鉴annuallyadv.每年地2.witnessvt.当场见到;目击n.目击者;证人;证据3.accommodationn.住所;住宿accommodatevt.提供住宿;使适应4.oppositeprep.在对面adj.相对的;相反的5.pausevi.抛弃abandonedadj.被抛弃的,放纵的,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,10.conservationn.保护;保存conservevt.保存;保护11.targetn.目标;靶;受批评的对象12.reflectvt.映射;反射;思考vi.思考reflectionn.映像;思考;反映13.pureadj.纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的purelyadv.完全;仅仅14.awareadj.意识到的;知道的awarenessn.意识15.vividadj.生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的vividlyadv.生动地;鲜明地;鲜艳地16.neatadj.整齐的;匀称的neatlyadv.整洁地;整齐地,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,17.narrowadj.狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的narrowlyadv.狭窄地;勉强地18.sharpadj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的sharpenvt.使锋利;使尖锐vi.尖锐sharpenern.卷笔刀;磨具19.tastyadj.好吃的tastevt.品尝n.味道;品味tastelessadj.无味的;无鉴赏力的20.scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓scaredadj.恐惧的,害怕的scaryadj.引起恐慌的21.Antarcticadj.南极的,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,22.pensionn.养老金;退休金pensionern.领取养老金者,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.inthemeantime在此期间;与此同时2.help(.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难3.be/becomeawareof对知道,明白;意识到4.upsidedown上下翻转5.(be)scaredtodeath吓死了6.aheadof优于;在前面7.holdup举起,抬起;支撑;阻挡;使延误8.sortout整理;选出;解决9.getcloseto靠近,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.2.走近一看,原来是一头大鲸受到约六、七条虎鲸的攻击。Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.3.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.4.我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出海面,然后又坠落到水里。Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.5.海水很浅,但到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended,therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.,Clancyhadheardthateveryyearthekillershelpedwhalerscatchhugewhales.Afterworkingatthewhalingstation,he1.witnessed(witness)itwithhisowneyes.Ontheafternoonhearrived,whenhewassortingouthis2.accommodation(accommodate),heheard3.aloudnoisecomingfromthebay.Thenhejumpedintotheboatwithotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay,4.wherehesawapackofaboutsixkillersworkingasateamattackingawhale.Somewerethrowing5.themselves(them)ontopofthewhalesblow-holetostopitbreathing6.andotherswerestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea.Thenthewhalerinthebowoftheboataimedtheharpoonatthewhale.Heletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Thebadly7.wounded(wound)soondied.Clancywassurprised8.tofind(find)thekillersdraggedthewhalesbody9.swiftly(swift)downintothedepthsofthesea.Thewhalersturnedtheboataroundandwenthome.,Hewastoldthatthebodywouldntfloatupforaround24hours,duringwhichthekillerswouldhaveagoodfeed10.onitslipsandtongue.Thewhalerswouldreturnthenextmorningtobringinthebody.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,witnessvt.当场见到;目击;经历,见证n.目击者;证人;证据Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.当时我以为只是一个故事罢了,但是后来我亲眼见过多次。(教材原句P20)常见用法1.witnesssth.见证;目击witnesstosth./doingsth.为作证2.bear/givewitnessto证实,证明be(a)witnessto看见(某事发生);是的目击者appealforwitnesses寻找目击者,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Herprincipalwascalledtowitnesstohergoodcharacter.她的校长被传唤来证明她优良的品德。Thisoldbuildinghaswitnessedbetterdays.这栋老房子见证过曾经的辉煌。Thetemplesandtheatersallbearwitnesstothecitysformergreatness.庙宇和剧院都印证了这个城市以前的辉煌。Thedetectivesareappealingforwitnesses.侦探正在寻找目击者。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析1.witness指证据或证人,尤指后者,且有亲眼见到之意。Witnessestothecrashsaytheysawanexplosionjustbeforethedisaster.空难目击者称,就在灾难发生之前他们看见飞机发生了爆炸。2.proof指足以直接证明某事为事实的依据,侧重作为充分证据所导致的结果。Haveyougotanyproofthatyouownthisbike?你有什么证据证明这辆自行车是你的?3.evidence为普通用词,在法律上指能起证明作用的,如证明、公证书以及所有的实物东西等。在生活中指任何一样可证明某一件事的真实性的东西。Therewasntenoughevidencetoprovehisguilt.没有充分的证据能证明他有罪。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用完成句子1.有谁目击了这场交通事故?Didanyonewitnessthetrafficaccident?2.许多变革发生于19世纪。The19thcenturywitnessedmanychanges.3.司机作证说,他看到此人进入那栋建筑物。Thedriverwitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,urgevt.催促;极力主张;驱策“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.乔治大声喊道:“有人落水了!把船头调回去!”(教材原句P20)常见用法1.urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事urgethat/Itisurgedthat.极力主张(从句用虚拟语气)urgesb./sth.on激励(人);驱策(动物)urgesth.onsb.向某人强调某事2.haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事Iurgethatyou(should)readthisreportcarefully.我劝你仔细看看这份报告。Heurgedthehorsesonwithawhip.他用鞭子策马前行。Theyurgedonustheneedforcooperation.他们向我们强调合作的必要性。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸urgentadj.紧急的,迫切的inurgentneedof急需现学活用单句填空1.Theyurgedustogive(give)oursupport.2.Urged(urge)onbythecrowd,theItalianteamscoredtwomoregoals.3.Thesepeopleareinurgent(urge)needofrelief.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,abandonvt.遗弃,抛弃;放弃,终止;使放纵,使听任FromJamessface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌,生怕被我们遗弃。(教材原句P21)常见用法1.abandonsth.forsth.放弃而从事abandononeselfto沉溺于,纵情于(=beaddictedto)beabandonedby被抛弃2.with/inabandon尽情地;放纵地Thebadweatherforcedthemtoabandontheirplan.恶劣的天气迫使他们终止了计划。Thosewhoabandonthemselvestodespaircannotsucceed.那些自暴自弃的人不会成功。Peoplewereshoutingandcheeringingayabandon.人们兴高采烈,纵情欢呼。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸abandonedadj.被遗弃的;无约束的anabandonedcar一辆废弃的汽车词义辨析abandon,desert与giveup1.abandon强调永远或完全地放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的。Aftercarefulconsideration,itwasagreedtoabandontheproject.经过慎重考虑,大家同意放弃这个项目。2.desert着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味。Hehasbeendesertedbymostofhisadvisers.他的大多数顾问都弃他而去。3.giveup侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。Coastguardshadgivenupallhopeoffindingthetwodiversalive.海岸警卫队对两位潜水员生还已完全不抱希望。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用abandon及其相关短语的适当形式填空那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的孩子在大街上游荡,他已陷入了绝望。Thechildwasabandonedbyhisparents.Lateron,theabandonedboywasfoundwanderinginthestreet,abandoninghimselftodespair.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,reflectvt.反射;映射;思考vi.思考Imsittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingonthedayadayofpuremagic!我坐在温暖的夜空下,手里拿着一瓶冷饮,回忆着当天的事情这是神奇的一天!(教材原句P24)Whiteclothesarecoolerbecausetheyreflecttheheat.白色的衣服因为反射热穿起来比较凉快。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,常见用法bereflectedin反射在;反映出reflectsb./sth.insth.在中反射出reflectsth.fromsth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflecton/uponsth.认真思考某事reflectwhat/how.反映出,显示出Increasedsaleswerereflectedinhigherprofits.销售量的增加显示了更高的利润。Doesthisletterreflectwhatyoureallythink?这封信是否表达了你真实的想法?巧学妙记,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸refectionn.反射;反映;思考beareflectionof是的反映belostinreflection陷入深思中onreflection再三考虑现学活用单句填空1.Shecouldseeherfacereflected(reflect)inthewater.2.Takesometimetoreflectonyourfutureplans.3.Therisingcrimerateisareflection(reflect)ofanunstablesociety.4.Justastheclothesapersonwears,thefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomhespendshistime,hishousereflects(reflect)hispersonality.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,awareadj.意识到的;知道的ThefirstthingIbecameawareofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingmepurples,reds,oranges,yellows,bluesandgreens.我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。(教材原句P24)常见用法be/becomeawareof意识到,觉察到beawarethat.意识到,觉察到makesb.awareof使某人知道、明白asfarasImaware据我所知,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Iwasamillionaire,butwasawarethattherewerealotofhungrypeopleintheworld.我曾是百万富翁,但我意识到世界上还有许多忍饥挨饿的人。Theirsuddenattackmadeusmoreawareofthedangeraroundus.他们突然的攻击使我们更加注意我们周围的危险。拓展延伸awarenessn.意识;知道unawareadj.没有发觉的;不知道的beunawareof没有发觉,不知道Itisimportantthatstudentsdevelopanawarenessofvaluingparentslove.重要的是学生们要逐渐懂得珍惜父母的爱。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用aware的相关用法完成句子1.据我所知,尚无人对此采取任何措施。AsfarasImaware,nobodyhasdoneanythingaboutit.2.缺乏对地方习俗文化差异的了解会带来麻烦。Alackofawarenessofculturaldifferencestolocalcustomscancreateproblems.3.我们正意识到光污染的负面影响。Wearebecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsoflightpollution.4.应当让司机认识到酒后开车的危险。Driversshouldbemadeawareofthedangerofdrivingafterdrinking.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓Itoldmyselftheywerentdangerousbutthatdidntstopmefromfeelingscaredtodeathforamoment!我自言自语地说它们并不危险,但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。(教材原句P24)常见用法scare.away/off把吓跑了scaresb.into/outofdoingsth.恐吓某人做/不做某事scaresb.todeath把某人吓得要死Thedogscaredthethiefaway.狗把小偷吓跑了。Histhreatsscaredthemoutofcarryingouttheplan.他的威胁迫使他们不敢实行该计划。Youscaredthemtodeathwithyourmouth.你一开口就把他们吓了个半死。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.scaringadj.令人害怕的scaredadj.感到害怕的,感到惊恐的bescaredtodosth.不敢做某事bescaredof/that.害怕bescaredtodeath吓得要命现学活用用适当的介词填空1.Someparentstrytoscaretheirchildrenintobehavingwell.2.Thechildhasalwaysbeenscaredofdogs.3.Hisfacewaswhiteasasheetandhelookedscaredtodeath.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,help(.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难WhatevidencewastherethatOldTomwashelpingthewhalersout?有什么证据能表明(虎鲸)老汤姆在帮捕鲸人摆脱困境?(教材原句P21)MyfatherhelpedmeoutwithmoneywhenIlostmyjob.我失业的时候,父亲资助我钱帮我渡过难关。Hehelpedheroutofthecar.他帮她从轿车里出来。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事canthelptodosth.帮不上忙做某事canthelpdoingsth.情不自禁,忍不住做某事canthelpbutdosth.不得不做某事helponeselfto随便吃、喝等;自取2.withoneshelp/withthehelpof在某人的帮助下现学活用单句填空1.WheneverIhearthestory,Icannothelpcrying(cry).2.Weweretoldtohelpourselvestothefoodattheparty.3.Whenshesawtheaccident,shecouldnthelpbutcry(cry).,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,seesb.看见某人Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出海面,然后又坠落到水里。(教材原句P20)see后可接现在分词、(不带to的)动词不定式及过去分词作宾语补足语,在含义上也有所区别:seesb.doingsth.强调看见某人正在做某事,其被动语态为beseendoingsth.。seesb.dosth.强调动作的完成,其被动语态为beseentodosth.。在seesb./sth.done结构中,宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上为被动关系。还有一些感官动词也具有类似的用法,常见的这类动词有feel,hear,watch,notice,observe等。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用单句填空1.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspoken(speak)asmuchaswecan.2.Iheardhersinging(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,where.,therebe.在的地方,有Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended,therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.水很浅,但到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。(教材原句P24)where.,therebe.意为“在的地方,有”,where引导地点状语从句。Wheremanisgreedy,thereisneverpeace.只要人类有贪欲,就绝不会有和平。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。where引导的地点状语从句一般放在主句的后面,但在一些谚语或表示抽象意义的句子中,常将地点状语从句放在主句之前。Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremainwhereshewasandwaitforhermother.那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸wherever“在何处,无论何处”,既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导地点状语从句。AsfarasImconcerned,youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.在我看来,你愿意去哪里就去哪里。现学活用完成句子1.有团结就有胜利。Wherethereisunity,thereisvictory.2.无火不生烟,无风不起浪。Wherethereissmoke,thereisfire.3.我已经决定两年后大学毕业时去最需要我的地方。IvemadeupmymindtogowhereImmostneededafterIgraduatefromuniversityintwoyearstime.,一、单句填空1.(2015浙江高考改编)Ifyoureluckyenoughtolandsuchan(accommodate),though,besureyoure100percentontime.1.accommodation。空前有不定冠词an修饰,此空填名词。句意:如果你很幸运,得到了去这样的工作场所的机会,务必要准时抵达。2.(2014上海高考改编)TheBritishandSwedishgovernmentshaveintroducedaso-called“trafficlightsystem”toclassifyfoodshealthyorunhealthy.2.as。固定搭配classifyas“把分类为”。3.(2014福建高考改编)Couldyoutellmethetrickofmakingsuch(taste)cakes?Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.3.tasty。此处应用形容词修饰名词cakes。tasty“可口的,美味的”。句意:你能告诉我制作如此美味的蛋糕的窍门吗?喔,我只是按照食谱上的说明做的。,4.(2014湖北高考改编)Theauthorurgesreaders(consider)theroleofelevatorsincitydevelopment.4.toconsider。urgesb.todosth.“催促某人做某事”,不定式作宾语补足语。句意:作者催促读者考虑电梯在城市发展中的作用。5.(2014湖北高考改编)Hewantedtheglasssurfaces(reflect)theskyandthecity.5.toreflect。wantsth.todosth.意为“想用某物来做某事”。句意:他想用玻璃的表面来映射天空和城市。6.(2013陕西高考改编)Those(witness)questionedbythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.6.witnesses。witness作“目击者,见证人”讲时为可数名词,其复数形式为witnesses。句意:刚才警察盘问的那些证人对打架事件做了各种不同的描述。,7.(2013陕西高考改编)Icameuponashabbyhouse(abandon),fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.7.abandoned。house与abandon之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。句意:我遇到了一所被遗弃的房子,里面到处都是玻璃碎片和垃圾。8.(2013安徽高考改编)Theymakethewishescometrueeitherbyprovidingthingsthatarenecessary,orbyraisingmoneyor(help)outinwhateverwaytheycan.8.helping。空格前省略了by,应用动名词helping。句意:他们是通过以下方式使愿望成真的:提供必须的物品、筹资或以他们所能采用的任何方式来帮助他们摆脱困境。9.Ofteninmoviesaboutschools,studentsgain(popular)ontheathleticsfieldmorethanintheclassroom.9.popularity。此处应用名词作动词gain的宾语。,10.Toasmallandfarawaytownlikethis,acaraccidentisalwaysconsideredinterest,sopeoplesoongatheredaround.10.of。“of+抽象名词”相当于名词的形容词形式,表示事物的特征。此处ofinterest相当于interesting。,二、单元话题微写作保护企鹅根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。1.一位农民目睹了一场可怕的情景,360只企鹅在两夜间都被狐狸杀死了。(witness;terrifying;penguin)2.此后,他发现中岛上几乎到处都有遗弃的死企鹅。(MiddleIsland;abandoned)3.当地官员催促他帮忙解决困境。(urge;helpout)4.仔细思考后,他建议在岛上放养一只猎狗来保护企鹅。(reflecton)5.狐狸看到狗就被吓跑了,有的甚至被吓死了。(fleeaway;bescaredtodeath)6.因为意识到了猎狗的重要作用,政府在岛上放养了更多的猎狗。(beawareof),Afarmerwitnessedaterrifyingscene.360penguinswerekilledbyfoxesoverabouttwonights.Fromthenon,hefounddeadpenguinsabandonednearlyeverywhereonMiddleIsland.Localauthoritiesurgedhimtohelpout.Afterreflectingonwhathadhappened,hesuggestedsendingonehuntingdogtoprotectthepenguins.Themomentthedogappeared,foxeswerefrightenedtofleeaway,somewereevenscaredtodeath.Awareoftheimportantrolethedogplayed,thelocalgovernmentintroducedmoredogsontheisland.,
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