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Unit2Cloning,-2-,主题语境:人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新,科学家精神,信息安全,-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.differvi.不同;相异高考佳句Becauseacollegecommunitydiffersfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.(2016北京卷)因为大学社区与家庭不同,许多学生都会努力寻找一种归属感。(1)differencen.不同之处(2)differentadj.不同的(3)AdiffersfromBin.A与B在方面不同。(4)differwithsbon/over/aboutsth在某事上与某人意见不一致,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)单句语法填空Humansdifferotheranimalstheirabilitytospeak.Ihavetodifferwithyouthat.,fromin,about/on/over,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)一句多译英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。(differ)(different)(difference),BritishEnglishdiffersobviouslyfromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.BritishEnglishisobviouslydifferentfromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.ThereareobviousdifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.,(3)介词填空Thetwosquaresdiffercolorbutnotsize.Thehusbanddiffersthewifewhoistotakechargeofthemoney.ThisisadifferentcartheoneIdroveyesterday.,inin,withon/about/over,from,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.undertakev.(undertook;undertaken)着手;从事;承担;保证,答应教材原句Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.(Page11)这是一项很难完成的任务。(1)undertakesth着手/从事/承担某事(2)undertaketodosth保证/答应做某事(3)undertakethat.保证四维热练完成句子Thecompanyhasannouncedthatitwillafullinvestigationtheaccident(对这次事故进行全面调查).He(答应完成)theworkbyFriday.,undertake,into,undertooktofinish,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.objectionn.不赞成;反对;异议经典例句Idliketocometoo,ifyouhavenoobjection.如果你不反对,我也想来。(1)objectvi.反对;不赞成n.物体;目标(2)objecttosb/sth不赞成某人/某事(3)objecttodoingsth反对做某事(4)objectthat.反对(5)haveanobjectionto反对(6)have/makeanobjectionto/against(doing)sth对(做)某事表示反对,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)单句语法填空UnlessourmanagerobjectstoToms(join)theclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.Despite(object)bytheWhiteHouse,theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.Moststudentsobjectto(charge)forparkingonthecampus.,(2)一句多译一些同学反对这个方案。Somestudentstheplan.(object)Somestudents.(objection)Somestudentstheplan.(against),joining,objections,beingcharged,objectto,have/makeanobjectiontotheplan,areagainst,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.obtainvt.获得;赢得经典例句Hefailedtoobtainascholarship.他没有获得奖学金。词语辨析obtain,acquire,gain,earn与achieveobtain意为“获得,买到”。指通过努力或请求得到,含有满足要求或达到目的的意味,用于正式语体中;acquire意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等”,也可用于“对财物等的获得”,强调“一经获得就会长期持有”。gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处”;亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。earn意为“挣得,赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。achieve意为“得到;获得”,多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子Ihaventbeenableto(买到那本书)anywhere.Detailscanbe(从获得)theMinistryofEducation.,obtainthatbook,obtainedfrom,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.forbidvt.(forbade,forbad;forbidden)禁止;不准教材原句Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning.(Page12)有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度,禁止进行克隆人的研究(1)forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事(2)forbiddoingsth禁止做某事(3)forbidthat.禁止(从句中常用“should+动词原形”)温馨提示forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语,而是跟动词-ing形式做宾语,也可用forbidsbtodosth形式,有类似用法的单词还有allow,permit,advise等。,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)单句语法填空Itsforbidden(marry)someonewhoisnotamemberofthesamefaithinthatcountry.Thenewlawforbids(smoke)inoffices.Everyoneisforbidden(smoke)here.(2)写作升级Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it做形式主语改写)满分表达,tomarry,smoking,tosmoke,Itsforbiddenforustoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(3)完成句子Ourschool(不允许学生吸烟).Smokingshould(禁止)inpublicplaces.,forbidsstudentstosmoke,beforbidden,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于经典例句WeowethisdiscoverytoNewton.我们的这一发现归功于牛顿。(1)owesbsth或owesthtosb欠某人债(2)owe.to.把归功于(3)oweittosbthat.多亏某人帮忙(4)owingto=becauseof“因为,由于”,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式做宾语,构成介词短语,表原因。,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)单句语法填空Owingbadweather,thismorningsflightwillbedelayed.Heowed$300me.Ioweeverythinghim.,to,to,to,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)一句多译由于下雨,运动会不得不推迟。,thesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.(owingto),thesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.(becauseof),thesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.(onaccountof),OwingtotherainBecauseoftherainOnaccountoftherain,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.payoff得到好结果;取得成功(常用主动态);偿清;付清工资并解雇经典例句Atlast,hishardworkpaidoff.最后,他的努力得到了回报。(1)payfor付的钱(2)payback偿还(3)paysbforsth因某事而付某人,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)单句语法填空ThatIcanpaythehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.Hehadtoworkpart-timesoastopayhiseducation.TheeffortsmadebyJackandhisparentspaid.Wouldyouliketopayavisituswhenyouarefree?,back,for,off,to,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级Ifyoulearntoreadbetterandwritebetter,therearebigbenefitsthatpayoffinallyourstudies.(用现在分词短语做定语改写)满分表达Ifyoulearntoreadbetterandwritebetter,therearebigbenefits.,payingoffinallyourstudies,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.infavourof赞成;支持经典例句Iaminfavourofstoppingworknow.我赞成现在停止工作。(1)infavour赞同;流行;得宠(2)infavourwithsb受某人支持(3)insbsfavour对某人有利(4)outoffavour失宠;不流行(5)dosbafavour=doafavourforsb帮某人忙(6)dosbthefavourtodosth帮某人做(7)owesbafavour欠某人情,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子Areyoucloningorcloning?你是支持还是反对克隆(技术)?Therewere247votes(同意)theplanand152against.Theexchangerateis(对我们有利)atthemoment.Couldyou(帮我个忙)andpickupSamfromschool?,infavourofagainst,infavourof,inourfavour,domeafavour,-22-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,Coulditbesolvedifcorrectionsweremadeintheirresearchprocedure?(Page12)如果改进研究程序,问题会不会解决呢?句型:if引导的虚拟条件句,-23-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,温馨提示(1)当if引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had,should,were时,可将if省略,而将had,should,were置于句首,采用倒装结构。若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式,不能用谓语动词的省略形式。(2)当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称作“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。(3)有时不是用条件句而是由介词(without没有)、介词短语(butfor要不是)、连词(but但是)、副词(otherwise否则)等或上下文来含蓄地表示某种假设的情况。,-24-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练(1)单句语法填空HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy(save).Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit(break)downwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.We(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.IfTom(spend)moretimestudying,he(be)abletodowellinthetestnow.,wouldhavebeensaved,shouldbreak/broke/weretobreak,wouldbe,hadspent,wouldbe,-25-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(2)一句多译要不是你的帮助,我们是不会成功的。,wecouldnthavesucceeded.,wecouldnthavesucceeded.,wecouldnthavesucceeded.,wecouldnthavesucceeded.,Iftherehadntbeenyourhelp,Butforyourhelp,Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Withoutyourhelp,
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