定语从句第二课时.ppt

第二课时,关系副词where,when,why1.Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.-ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.-ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.,关系副词where,在定语从句中作地点状语.,e.g.Thebuildingisverynew.Helivesinthebuilding.Thebuildingwherehelivesisverynew.Thebuildinginwhichhelivesisverynew.,2.Wellneverforgettheday.WejoinedthePartyonthatday.-WellneverforgetthedaywhenwejoinedtheParty.-WellneverforgetthedayonwhichwejoinedtheParty.,关系副词when,在定语从句中作时间状语,e.g.5:30isthetime.MyplanearrivesatPudonginternationalAirport.5:30isthetimewhenmyplanearrivesatPudongInternationalAirport.5:30isthetimeatwhichmyplanearrivesatPudongInternationalAirport.,3.Thereasonistoinviteyoutotheparty.Icalledyouforthisreason.-ThereasonwhyIcalledyouistoinviteyoutotheparty.-ThereasonforwhichIcalledyouistoinviteyoutotheparty.,关系副词why,在定语从句中作原因状语,Thatisthereason.Hedidthatthingforthatreason.Thatisthereasonwhyhedidthatthing.Thatisthereasonforwhichhedidthatthing.,Illneverforgettheday_myhometownwasliberated.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogetherlastsummer.,when/onwhich,which/that/-,Hisfatherworksinafactory_radiopartsaremade.Hisfatherworksinafactory_makesradioparts.,where/inwhich,which/that,Iknewthereason_youcriedjustnow.Iknewthereason_hegavetoyou.,why/forwhich,that/which/-,Question关系代词还是关系副词？当先行词是表时间,表地点和表原因的词时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that或省略,缺少时间状语，地点状语或原因状语时，才能用when或where，why,11.Theplace_ourschoolislocatediscalledChangQiaoEstate.where,inwhich12.Thesevendays_westayedinPariswentbyquickly.when,onwhich13.Thereason_theteacherasksustospellallthenewwordsandphrasesisobvious.why,forwhich14.ThisistheInternetaddress_Igotthepieceofinformation.where,fromwhich,15.Theworkshop_wewillvisittomorrowisonlyastonesthrowfromourschool.which,/,that16.Mr.Zhuwillalwaysremembertheyear_hespentinBrisbane.which,/,that17.Mr.Zhuwillalwaysrememberthedayin1991_hearrivedinAustralia.when,onwhich18.Italyiscountry_youcanfindalotofgreatsculpturesandpaintings.where,inwhich,19.Thisistherestaurant_Mr.Wangusedtoworkasachef.where,inwhich20.Idontknowthereason_shewassoangrywithme.why,forwhich21.Themapdoesntshowtheplace_Iwasborn.where,inwhich22.Whydontyouasktheteacher_knowledgeofWesternpaintingisperfect.whose,介词加关系代词的用法：,A.介词位于关系代词前prep.+关系代词which或whom,不用that和who不能省略e.g.Languageisatool.Peoplecommunicateideaswitheachotherbymeansoflanguage.Languageisatoolbymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicateideaswitheachother.,A.介词位于关系代词前e.g.Heistheman.Ilearnedthenewsfromtheman.HeisthemanfromwhomIlearnedthenews.e.g.Thehotelstandsbytheseaside.Westayedduringourholidaysinthehotel.Thehotelinwhichwestayedduringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.,B.介词位于定语从句末，可用that/which/whom,并且关系代词可以省略。e.g.Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehousetwoyearsago.Thisisthehouse(that/which)Ilivedintwoyearsago.e.g.Heistheman.Ilearnedthenewsfromtheman.Heistheman(that/whom)Ilearnedthenewsfrom.,1Doyouknowtheboyto_shewastalking?2Doyouknowtheboy_shewastalkingto?3Thepencil_hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.,whom,who/whom/that/-,which/that/-,确认关系代词前的介词,一：考虑从句中词组的搭配Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.二：考虑和先行词的关系WellneverforgetthedayonwhichwejoinedtheParty.,Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.Hiswalking-stick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.Theknife,_wecutthebread,isverysharp.Idontthinkthenumberofpeople_thishappensisverylarge.Thisistheteacher_Ilived10yearsago.Doyourememberthedays_westayedtogetherinAmerica?Iknewthereason_youcriedjustnow.Onthehillweremapletreestheleaves_hadturnedred.,towhom,withoutwhich,withwhich,towhom,withwhom,on/duringwhich,forwhich,ofwhich,9Thisisthehero_weareproud.10Iwanttofindthepen_Iwrotetheletter.11SchoolwillbreakuponJuly,_wewillhavegotourschoolreports.12Chinahasmanyrivers,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.13Thegames_theyoungmencompetedweredifficult.14Therunner_youareaskingisoverthere.15Theperson_youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.,ofwhom,withwhich,bywhichtime,amongwhich,inwhich,aboutwhom,towhom,注意介词+whose的用法,IthankedTom,withwhosehelp,Isucceededinpassingthefinalexam.Wewillvisitthegreatscientist,inwhosehonortheprizesweregiven.Theresidents,allofwhosehomeshadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.,定语从句谓语动词为固定的介词短语时，介词不能置前,Itisnotnecessarytolookupinadictionaryeverywordwecomeacrossinourreading.ThepaintingwearelookingatisoneofQiBaishisworks.,不能使用that的定语从句,1.非限定性定语从句中，不能用that引导2.介词之后不能用that引导定语从句.Thisisthehero(whom/that)weareproudof.IwanttofindthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.Theydidratherbadlyinthemathsexam,whichwasnotwhatIhadexpected.,which指代整个句子,Thechemistryexamwaspostponed.Itwasexactlywhatwewanted.Thechemistryexamwaspostponed,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.Thechemistryexamwaspostponed,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.Thechemistryexamwaspostponed,anditwasexactlywhatwewanted.,第三课时,他拒绝和我说话，这使我很生气。Herefusedtospeaktome,whichmademeangry.Jack通过了所有的考试，这使他父母很开心。Jackpassedallhisexams,whichpleasedhisparents.,关系代词as,as引导非限定性定语从句，修饰整个主句1.表示说话人的依据、态度、解释或评论,含有“正如”的意思。As一般置于句首。e.g.Asweknow,waterresourcesareverylimitedontheearth.e.g.Aswasexpected,hediditsuccessfully.,2.常用as的结构：asas,soas,suchas,thesameas,e.g.Heusedsuchexpressionsashecouldfindinthetext.e.g.Thereisasmuchwaterasisneeded.e.g.Shewearsthesamekindoftheclothesashersisterdoes.,Cf:关系代词as&which,1.Tomwasabsent.Thatsurprisedhisteacher.Tomwasabsent,whichsurprisedhisteacher.which引导的定语从句不能放于句首2.Theearthisround.Itisknowntoall.Asisknowntoall,theearthisround.as引导的定语从句可以放于句首,定语从句与并列句,注意：并列句用连接词and,but来连接的,1.Mr.Lihasthreedaughters,noneof_isanengineer.2.Mr.Lihasthreedaughters,butnoneof_isadancer.,whom,them,定语从句与单句,1.Themothertoldthelazyboytowork,_didnthelp.2.Themothertoldthelazyboytowork._didnthelp.,which,It,练习：Thereare56studentsinourclass,mostof_aregirls.A.whichB.whomC.themD.that,B,注意标点符号。两个单句间用句号，而定语从句两个句子间用逗号。,Todaythemancametothemeetingontime,_wasunexpected.which_weknow,smokingisharmfultoourhealth.AsThesunheatstheearth,_isveryimportanttous.whichShewearsthesamekindoftheclothes_hersisterdoes.as,1._wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.who4.Sheisverygoodatdance,_everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as,D,A,C,D,5.Itwasraining,_wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.thewhichD.which6._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As7.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like,D,D,B,Ex6:Isthisthewoman-scientist_youwanttosee?whomEx7:Thebooks_arewrittenbyMr.Zhuareveryuseful.whichEx8:Thesemagazines_tellpeoplehowtocookareveryinteresting.which,Ex9:Thenews_shetoldmethedaybeforeyesterdaywasnottrue.whichEx10:Thecellphone_MissWhalenisusingcostheronly$1.which,用适当的关系代词连接下列句子。,1.ThestudentisfromAmerica.Shesitsnexttome.-ThestudentwhositsnexttomeisfromAmerica.2.Thepupilswereverynice.Wevisitedthemlastmonth.-Thepupilswhomwevisitedlastmonthwereverynice.3.Thenovelwasinteresting.Ireadit.-ThenovelwhichIreadwasinteresting.,4.IlikedtheEnglishcomposition.Youwroteitlastweek.-IlikedtheEnglishcompositionwhichyouwrotelastweek.5.Ilikethestudents.Iamteachingthem.-IlikethestudentswhomIamteaching.6.Sheisthenurse.Itoldyouabouther.-SheisthenursewhomItoldyouabout.,7.Imustthankmyteachers.Ihavelearnedalotfromher.-ImustthankmyteacherswhomIhavelearnedalotfrom.8.Thisisthelady.Herhusbandisaprofessor.-Thisistheladywhosehusbandisaprofessor.9.Chinaisacountry.Itshistorygoesbackthousandsofyears.-Chinaisacountrywhosehistorygoesbackthousandsofyears.,10.Mr.Smithteachesaclassforstudents.TheirnativelanguageisChinese.-Mr.SmithteachesaclassforstudentswhosenativelanguageisChinese.11.Iapologizedtomyfriend.Ispilledhercoffee.-IapologizedtomyfriendwhosecoffeeIspilled.,12.Ihavetocalltheman.Ipickeduphisumbrellabymistake.-IhavetocallthemanwhoseumbrellaIpickedupbymistake.,只能用that,不能用which的定语从句,1.先行词为不定代词:all,something,anything,much,little,everything,none,theone等Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Wehaventgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.,定语从句(三),关系代词和关系副词用法的区别：取决于定语从句中的谓语动词-及物动词后面无宾语，要用关系代词；不及物动词要用关系副词；e.g.Istillremembertheday_wespenttogether.Cf:Istillremembertheday_weworkedtogether.,that/which,when/onwhich,e.g.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain_isquiteandbeautiful.Cf:Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain_therearemanyplants.e.g.Thatisthereason_hegaveusforhisaction.Cf:Thatisthereason_hedidthatthing.,which/that,where/inwhich,that/which,forwhich/why,