资源描述
_必修四(本单元由：巧君、璐萍、亮英、晓兰、冉莹 负责)Unit 1Achievement n. 成就；功绩An achievement is something which someone has succeeded in doing, especially after a lot of effort.1、Let me congratulate you on your achievement. 请允许我为您的成就向您表示祝贺。2、She was given a prize for her achievements in textile design. 她因为在纺织品设计上取得的成就而得到奖励。3、Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort. 幸福不仅仅来源于拥有钱财；它来源于有所成就时的快乐以及有所创造时的兴奋。Welfare n. 福利；福利事业It means the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group.1、 Parents are responsible for the welfare of their children. 父母要对子女的幸福负责。2、 My principal concern is my familys welfare. 我至为关心的是我一家的幸福。3、 The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community. 个人的福利与社会的福利有着密切的关系。Project n. 项目；工程；规划It is a planned piece of work that is designed to find information about sth, to produce sth new, or to improve sth. 1、 We decided to set up a fund for the Project Hope. 我们决定为希望工程设立一项基金。2、 The class are doing a project on the Roman occupation of Britain. 这个班在进行一项关於古罗马人占领不列颠的研究。3、 Our projected visit had to be cancelled.我们计画中的访问不得不取消。4、 Will you be able to project the film for us? 你能为我们放映那部影片吗?Institute n. 学会；学院；协会An institute is an organization set up to do a particular type of work, especially research or teaching. You can also use institute to refer to the building the organization occupies.1、 New methods of teaching foreign languages are adopted in this institute. 该学院采用新的外语教学法。2、 Heibei Normal University has artistic courtyard department; Heibei music institute.河北师范大学有艺术院系；河北音乐学院。3、 A year after the Salon, the Art Institute of Chicago gave them a show, and Life magazine a four-page spread.绘画沙龙举行一年后，芝加哥美术馆为他们办了展览，生活杂志花了四页篇幅报道。Specialist n. 专家；专业工作者A specialist is a person who has a particular skill or knows a lot about a particular subject.1、 My teacher is a specialist in English linguistics. 我的老师是英语语言方面的专家。2、 What she actually needs is urgent, specialist legal advice.实际上她急需的是专家的法律意见。3、 As a mental health specialist, I am an active participant in the therapeutic environment.作为一名心智健康方面的专家，我在治疗方法的研究领域表现积极。Specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于If you specialize in a thing, you know a lot about it and concentrate a great deal of your time and energy on it, especially in your work or when you are studying or training.1、 He specializes in oriental history. 他专门研究东方史。2、 This shop specializes in chocolates. 这个商店专门出售巧克力。3、 This might entail taking classes or getting specialized training.这就可能要你参加课程或专门的培训。Connection n. 连接；关系A connection is a relationship between two things, people, or groups.1、 Is there a connection between smoking and lung cancer? 吸烟跟肺癌是否有关?2、 His dismissal has no connection with the quality of his work. 他被解雇一事与他的工作好坏无关.3、 How long will the connection of the telephone take？安装电话机与总机接通要多长时间?Human being 人类Human being means relating to or concerning people.1、 How long can a human being survive without food? 人不吃东西能活多久?2、 How can a merciful God permit a human being to suffer such torment ?仁慈的上帝怎么容许一个人受这样的痛苦？3、 Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human beings heart the love of wonder.每个人不管是六十岁或是十六岁，心中都有一股好奇心。Campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动A campaign is a planned set of activities that people carry out over a period of time in order to achieve something such as social or political change.If someone campaigns for something, they carry out a planned set of activities over a period of time in order to achieve their aim.1、 He fought in the North African campaign during the last war. 在上次战争中他在北非战役参战.2、 During the campaign, Obama has not talked much about his China policies.在竞选过程中，奥巴马并没有过多谈及其中国政策。3、 She spent her life campaigning for womens rights. 她毕生致力於女权运动.4、 They campaigned against a war of aggression.他们开展反侵略战争的运动。Organization n. 组织；机构；团体An organization is an official group of people, for example a political party, a business, a charity, or a club.1、 Hes involved in the organization of a new club. 他参与了新俱乐部的组织工作。2、 She is brilliant but her work lacks organization. 她很有才华,但工作缺乏条理。3、 The human body has a very complex organization. 人体是个非常复杂的机体.Behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现The way that you behave is the way that you do and say things, and the things that you do and say.1、 She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother. 她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲.2、 Its hard to train children to behave well at the table. 培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。3、 Hows your new car behaving? 你的新汽车好使吗?4、 Behave yourself; dont make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止，别闹出笑话来。Behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性Peoples or animals behaviour is the way that they behave. You can refer to a typical and repeated way of behaving as a behaviour.1、 She was ashamed of her childrens (bad) behaviour. 她因为她的孩子不规矩而感到羞愧. 2、 Their behaviour towards me shows that they do not like me. 从他们对我的态度可以看出他们不喜欢我.3、 Hes making himself cheap by his unpleasant behaviour. 他那令人讨厌的行为有损他自己的身份。Shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线Shade is an area of darkness under or next to an object such as a tree, where sunlight does not reach.If you say that a place or person is shaded by objects such as trees, you mean that the place or person cannot be reached, harmed, or bothered by strong sunlight because those objects are in the way.1、 The trees give some welcome shade from the sun. 这些树遮住了阳光, 很舒适凉快。2、 There is not enough light and shade in your drawing. 你这幅画的明暗色调不够。3、 This seat is shaded by a tree. 这个座位有一棵树遮荫。4、 She shaded her eyes (from the sun) with her hand. 她把手放在眼睛上方挡住阳光.Move off 离开；起程；出发When you move off, you start moving away from a place.1、 A few minutes later, the whistle sounded and the train began to move off.几分钟后,汽笛响了,火车启动了。2、 The car stand at the traffic light for a few moment, then move off.那辆汽车在交通灯前停了一会儿，然后驶去了。3、 I want to move off campus.我要搬出去，在校外住。Worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的If something is worthwhile, it is enjoyable or useful, and worth the time, money, or effort that is spent on it.1、 I thought it was worthwhile to clarify the matter. 我认为澄清此事是值得去做的。2、 It wasnt worthwhile continuing with the project. 继续这个项目是不值得的。3、 She is willing to devote herself into the worthwhile cause.她愿意将自己的一生献给这项有意义的事业。Nest n. 巢；窝A birds nest is the home that it makes to lay its eggs in.1、 The blackbird sat on the nest waiting for the return of her mate. 黑鹂在巢中等候其雄鸟归来。2、 Every bird likes its own nest.金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。3、 Take up the prey in its mandible , the bird is returning to its nest.将被捕食的动物衔在口里，这只鸟正在回自己的窝去。Bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带A bond between people is a strong feeling of friendship, love, or shared beliefs and experiences that unites them.1、 This glue makes a good firm bond. 这种胶水粘得很结实.2、 A bond of sympathy develops between members of the group. 该组织成员间产生了志同道合的凝聚力。3、 Common tastes form a bond between the two men. 共同的爱好使两人结交为朋友。Observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守If you observe a person or thing, you watch them carefully, especially in order to learn something about them.If you observe something such as a law or custom, you obey it or follow it.1、 He observes keenly, but says little. 他观察敏锐, 但是很少说话。2、 She observed that hed left but made no comment. 她看见他离去, 但未置一词。3、 The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。4、 Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? 那个国家的人过圣诞节吗?5、 Wherever you may is, you must observe the law.不管你在哪里你都要遵守法律。Observation n. 观察；观测Observation is the action or process of carefully watching someone or something.1、 The fault escaped observation for months. 这故障数月来未引起注意。2、 He was taken into hospital for observation. 他被送进医院观察。3、 Hes just published his observations on British bird life. 他刚发表了英国鸟类生活观察报告.Childhood n. 童年；幼年时代A persons childhood is the period of their life when they are a child.1、Why is it that he rarely mentions his childhood? 他为什么很少提到他的儿童时代呢？1、 He was my playmate in childhood. 他是我童年时的玩伴。2、 He spent his childhood in the remote mountain area.他的童年时代是在这个偏远的山区度过的。Outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚Someone who is outspoken gives their opinions about things openly and honestly, even if they are likely to shock or offend people.1、 His outspoken remarks made him an easy target for the opposition.他那番直言不讳的言语使他成了反对派的主要抨击对象。2、 Hans got in bad with some of his friends because of his outspoken opposition to the war. 汉斯因为坦率地反对这场战争，使得他的一些朋友不再喜欢他了。3、 She was outspoken in her criticism of the plan.她对该计划的批评直言不讳。Respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意If you respect someone, you have a good opinion of their character or ideas.Respect is also a noun. It means a feeling of admiration for sb/sth because of their good qualities or achievements.1、 I deeply respect her courage. 我深深敬佩她的勇气。2、 If they had any respect for human life they wouldnt do such terrible things. 他们如果还顾及人的生命就不会做出这样可怕的事来。3、 With respect to the question of style this book has not much to say.关于这本书的格式问题没有什么可说的。4、 In respect of style this essay is much better than that.在格式方面，这本书比那本好多了。Argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论If one person argues with another, they speak angrily to each other about something that they disagree about.1、 We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. 我们跟服务员争执那顿饭的价钱。2、 I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。3、 The lawyers argued the case for hours. 律师们对那个案件辩论了几小时。Argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵An argument is a statement or set of statements that you use in order to try to convince people that your opinion about something is correct.1、 We agreed without much further argument. 我们没怎麽进一步争论就达成了一致意见。2、 There are strong arguments for and against capital punishment. 对於执行死刑, 赞成与反对的双方都有强有力的论据。3、 Most families have arguments over money. 整件事酿成了激烈的争吵。Entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演Entertainment consists of performances of plays and films, and activities such as reading and watching television, that give people pleasure.1、 Young people often spend big bucks on entertainment.年轻人常常在娱乐上花很多钱。2、 He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书，他是一个无聊的人。3、 Local entertainments are listed in the newspaper.报纸上列有当地的娱乐活动。Lead a life 过着的生活1、 The couple lead a happy life. 那对夫妻过着幸福的生活。2、 The unemployed usually lead a hard life.失业的人生活一般很困难。3、 We hardly lead a life of luxury but we are not poor either.我们谈不上奢侈的生活，但也不穷。Crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤A crowd is a large group of people who have gathered together, for example to watch or listen to something interesting, or to protest about something.1、 A crowd had already collected outside the embassy gates. 使馆大门外已经聚集了一群人。2、 He pushed his way through the crowd. 他在人群中往前挤。3、 Pupils crowded round (their teacher) to ask questions.小学生围着（老师）提问题。4、 Dont crowd me: give me time to think! 不要逼我: 给我时间让我想想!Crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海move in large numbers into a small space1、 Disturbing thoughts crowded into my mind. 我心乱如麻。Inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示If someone or something inspires you to do something new or unusual, they make you want to do it.1、 His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts. 他那高尚的榜样激发我们大家更加努力。2、 The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetry.英格兰湖区的美景给了华兹华斯灵感而创作出他最伟大的诗篇。3、 His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. 他最好的乐曲创作灵感来自怀念他的母亲。4、 His inspiring speech elevated the audience.他那鼓舞人心的讲话使听众振奋。Inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞Inspiration is a feeling of enthusiasm you get from someone or something, which gives you new and creative ideas.1、 Wordsworth drew (his) inspiration from the Lake District scenery. It was a great source of inspiration to him. 华兹华斯从风景优美的英格兰湖区获得灵感. 那地方是他灵感的巨大源泉。2、 I sat down to write my essay, but found I was completely without inspiration. 我坐下来写文章, 可是发觉自己毫无灵感。3、 Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration. 天才是10%的灵感加上90%的勤奋.Support n. & vt. 支持；拥护If you support someone or their ideas or aims, you agree with them, and perhaps help them because you want them to succeed.1、 The American public stopped supporting the war in Vietnam. 美国公众不再支持美国在越南进行的战争了。2、 Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?3、 I was supported by my parents when I was studying. 我求学期间由父母供养。Look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起regard sb/sth with contempt; consider sb/sth inferior to oneself; despise sb/sth1、 She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。2、 He was looked down upon because of his humble background. 他因家世寒微而被人看不起。Refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考If you refer to a particular subject or person, you talk about them or mention them.If you refer to a book or other source of information, you look at it in order to find something out.1、 When I said some people are stupid, I wasnt referring to you. 我说有些人很愚蠢, 并不是指你。2、 The speaker often referred to his notes. 那个讲演的人不时地看发言稿。3、 This incident in his childhood is never again referred to. 他小时候的这件事永远不再提了。Audience n. 观众；听众；读者The audience at a play, concert, film, or public meeting is the group of people watching or listening to it.The audience for a television or radio programme consists of all the people who watch or listen to it.1、 The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play. 那出戏首次公演之夜观众非常热情。2、 She has addressed audiences all over the country. 她曾向全国各地的听众演讲。3、 His book reached an even wider audience when it was filmed for television. 他的书拍成电视以後, 使读者范围扩大到观众了。by chance 碰巧；凑巧by accident; accidentally; unintentionally1、 I met her quite by chance. 我遇见她完全是偶然的。2、 Were you brought together by chance, design or destiny?你们是因机缘走到一起，早有计划，还是命运使然？3、 When one wins a lottery, is this always purely by chance?当某人彩票中奖后，是不是纯粹依靠的是运气呢？Come across （偶然）遇见；碰见meet or find sb/sth by chance 1、 I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。2、 She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。3、 Never have I come across such a difficult problem.我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。Career n. 事业；生涯A career is the job or profession that someone does for a long period of their life.1、 She chose an academic career. 她选择了学术界职业。2、 She experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married. 她放弃职业结婚以后有一种失落感。3、 This career offers a challenge. 这份职业具有挑战性。Rate n. 比率；速度The rate at which something happens is the number of times it happens over a period of time.The rate at which something happens is the speed with which it happens.1、 At the rate you work, youll never finish. 按你这样的工作速度, 你绝对做不完。2、 They drove at a steady rate. 他们以平稳的速度开车。3、 Whats the going rate of computer programmers? 计算机程序设计人员的一般工资是多少？Sickness n. 疾病；恶心Sickness is the state of being ill or unhealthy.Sickness is the uncomfortable feeling that you are going to vomit.1、 They were absent because of sickness. 他们因病缺席。2、 The sickness passed after I lay down for a while. 我躺下一会後就不恶心了。3、 Is there much sickness in the village now? 这村庄现在患病的多吗?4、 The symptoms of this disease are fever and sickness. 这种病的症状是发烧与呕吐。Intend vt. 计划；打算If you intend to do something, you have decided or planned to do it.1、 Its not what I intended (it to be). 那并不是我的本意。2、 I intend that you shall take over the business. 我有意让你接管公司。3、 I think the bomb was intended for me. 我认为那颗炸弹是要炸我的。4、 I intended it as a joke. 我不过说笑罢了。Emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况An emergency is an unexpected and difficult or dangerous situation, especially an accident, which happens suddenly and which requires quick action to deal with it.1、 You should only use this door in an emergency. 在紧急情况下才能使用这扇门。2、 The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。3、 It is important to keep/stay calm in an emergency. 在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。Generation n. 一代；一辈A generation is all the people in a group or country who are of a similar age, especially when they are considered as having the same experiences or attitudes.1、 My generation behaves differently from my fathers and grandfathers. 我这一代人和我父辈及祖辈表现不同。2、 Each generation has its own standards of judgment.每一代都有它自己的判断标准。3、 There exists a generation gap between the young and the old.青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。Determination n. 决心；果断Determination is the quality that you show when you have decided to do something and you will not let anything stop you.1、 His determination carried him through (the ordeal). 他靠坚定的信心度过了难关。2、 He confronted his pile of work with determination. 他很坚定地正视这一大堆工作。3、 It takes a lot of determination to become a movie star.要想成为一名电影明星需要下很大的决心。Kindness n. 仁慈；好意Kindness is the quality of being gentle, caring, and helpful.1、 Your kindness quite overwhelmed me. 你的好意使我感激难言。2、 How can I ever repay you for your kindness? 我该怎样才能报答你的好意呢？3、 Kindness always begets kindness.善有善果。Considerate adj. 考虑周到的Someone who is considerate pays attention to the needs, wishes, or feelings of other people.1、 It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. 在我睡觉时你不弹钢琴, 真是体贴入微。2、 She considerately left the door open for me.她考虑周到地让门敞开着等我进来。3、 You might be a thought more considerate of other people. 你该多想著点儿别人。Consideration n. 考虑；体谅Consideration is careful thought about something.1、 He has never shown much consideration for his wifes needs.他从来不大考虑妻子的需要。2、 he proposals are still under consideration. 那些提议仍在审议中。3、 After careful consideration, weve decided to accept their offer. 经过慎重的考虑，我们决定接受他们的提议。Deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生；发表（演说等）If you deliver something somewhere, you take it there.When someone delivers a baby, they help the woman who is giving birth to the baby.If you deliver a lecture or speech, you give it in public.1、 Did you deliver my message to my father? 你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗?2、 She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生了一个健康的男孩儿。3、 Her baby was delivered by her own doctor. 她的婴儿是由她自己的医生给接生的。4、 The president will deliver a speech about schools.总统将要就学校问题发表演讲。Carry on 继续；坚持If you carry on doing something, you continue to do it.1、 Carry on working/with your work while Im away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。2、 They decided to carry on in spite of the weather.他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持下去。3、 All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.我们所需要的就是能有足够多的钱来支持我们的工作。Modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的A modest house or other building is not large or expensive.not large in amount, size, etc; moderate1、 Might I make a modest suggestion? 我可以提个小小的建议吗?2、 We should be modest and prudent.我们应该谦虚谨慎。3、 A modest man will never boast of his merits.谦虚的人决不夸自己的功劳。unit 2Statistic n.统计量；-s统计学 adj. 统计的, 统计学的n.(statistics) (also informal stats) pl. a collection of information shown in numbers: crime / unemployment statisticsadj: statistical analysis / methods / data 1、The statistics were given in parenthesis. 统计数字在括号里。2、I happen to have the official statistics with me. 我碰巧身边有官方的统计数字。3、Have you any statistics that would enforce your argument? 你有任何统计资料可以加强你的论点吗？Sunburned adj. 晒伤的；古铜色的suffering from sunburn(of a person or of skin) having an attractive brown colour from being in the sun1、Her shoulders were badly sunburned. 他的肩膀被严重晒伤了。2、She looked fit and sunburnt. 她看起来又健康又古铜肤色。Struggle vi.奋斗，努力；斗争，搏斗 n.斗争，搏斗 (with sb)fight (with sb) （与某人）争斗, 搏斗, 打斗 (against/with sb/sth)move ones body vigorously, eg trying to get free (against/with sb/sth) (for sth)try to overcome difficulties, etc; make great efforts1、two boys struggling (together) （在一起）扭打着的两个男孩 2、The shopkeeper struggled with the thief. 店主与那窃贼搏斗起来. 3、The prisoner struggled (against his captors) but couldnt escape. 那囚
展开阅读全文