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教学无忧http:/jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/专注中小学 教学事业！Unit1 Suffering to be beautifulgrammar素材Ving的用法一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。如: 1. 作主语、表语动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如:Toms not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生气.(主语) Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语) -2. 作宾语动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, cant help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop.from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如: Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗? 3. 作定语 动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如: Dont forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。二、V-ing作现在分词充当非谓语动词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。如: 1. 作定语现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如:The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如:The song being broadcast is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。现在分词与动名词作定语的区别:现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动名词作定语表示作用与用途。如：Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句 which are sleeping)I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping)2. 作表语现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等修饰。如:The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。现在分词作表语与现在分词用于进行时态表达的意义是不同的.作表语,说明主语具备的性质,描述的是一种状态;而与助动词be构成现在进行时态和过去进行时态则强调动作正在发生,侧重对动作的描述。试比较:Mr. Zhang is encouraging his students to study English thoroughly. 张老师在鼓励学生们学好英语.The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。3. 作宾语补足语动词的现在分词作宾补表明宾语正在进行的动作。可以带现在分词作宾补的动词有find, see, hear, watch, have, get, catch, keep, leave等。如:When I came in, I found him lying in bed. 我进来时发现他躺在床上。4.作状语现在分词作状语可以表示伴随、原因、条件、结果等。如: All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new teacher to come. 所有的学生都坐在教室里等待新老师的到来。 (伴随)Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. (由于)没有收到他的回信,她决定再写一封。 (原因)Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. (如果)从小山顶上看,你会发现这座城市更美丽。(条件)My parents went to a birthday party yesterday, leaving me alone at home. 昨天我父母去参加一个生日舞会,留下我一个人在家。(结果)值得注意的是,现在分词作状语时如果句中主语不是自己的逻辑主语,也可以带自己的主语,构成独立主格结构.此外, 现在分词也可以用在with的复合结构中表示其逻辑主语是分词动作的发出者。如:Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow. 如果明天天气允许的话,我们将去野餐。(独立主格结构)With a guide leading the way, we found the village easily. 由于有向导引路,我们轻易就找到了那个村庄。(含with的复合结构作状语)实践演练:1. -You are brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regret _ thatA. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done2. The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A. who prepars B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing3.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added4. _ your homework, you mustnt listen to the music.A. When do B. When to do C. When doing D. When you doing5. _ the idiom, he looked it up in the dictionary.A. Not learningB. Never having learnedC. Having learnedD. Having been learned6. It rained heavily, _ severe (严重的) flooding in the country. .A. causing B. to cause C. caused D. being caused7. Any driver _ a license ought to be punished.A. doesnt have B. having no C. has not D. not havingKey: 1-4 DBCC 5-7 BAD客服唯一联系qq 1119139686 欢迎跟我们联系
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