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教学无忧http:/jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/专注中小学 教学事业！难句剖析拓展1. Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem. 附近水泥厂产生的污染对此也难逃其咎。剖析：contribute to 导致，如：Drink contributed to his ruin. 酗酒促使他毁灭。拓展：contribute用法：(常与to连用)捐献；贡献；投稿；起作用；导致。如：He contributed to the church and the Red Cross. 他向教会和红十字会捐款。Exercise contributes to better health. 锻炼有利于强身健体。The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to world civilization. 宋朝为世界文明贡献了三大发明。He contributed an article to China Daily. 他为中国日报撰写了一篇文章。2. They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money. 他们建议鼓励公众来帮助解决这一问题。中科院一位教授提议设立基金来募集资金。剖析：注意句中用了虚拟语气。suggest和propose表示“建议，提议”，当后面跟有that引导的宾语从句时，从句中要用should+v. 结构，should 可以省略。句中the general public be encouraged= the general should be encouraged; a fund be established= a fund should be established。又如：We all suggest that a lab(should ) be built. 我们都建议建一座实验室。拓展：下列动词后面跟宾语从句时从句要用虚拟语气：一坚持(insist), 二命令(command, order), 三建议(advise, propose, suggest), 四要求(ask, demand, request, require)3. With more than 50 million Chinese living and working overseas, the Mid-Autumn Festival reminds them of their Chinese origins and would help to unite Chinese people all over the world. 有超过五千万中国人在海外定居和工作，中秋节能使他们记得他们的中国血统，有助于世界各地中国人团结一心。剖析：1)with+名词/代词+现在分词，是with 复合结构的一种，名词/代词与后面的现在分词存在逻辑上的主谓关系。如：With prices going up so fast, we cant afford luxuries. 由于物价猛涨，我们买不起高档商品。2)remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事，如：The story reminded me of an experience I once had. 这个故事使我想起了我的一次经历。3)all over the world 遍及全世界，此处是短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词Chinese people。拓展： “with+名词+不定式/动词-ing/过去分词/介词短语等”结构常作状语，表伴随、原因、条件等，还可以作定语。4. UNESCOs agenda for the worlds tangible and intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities which are in danger. 联合国教科文组织为保护世界物质和非物质文化遗产设置的专门机构同时也是一个预警体系, 那些任意开发、污染严重、受游客破坏严重的文化遗产以及面临消亡的文化活动都会得到警告。剖析：1)act as 担任；充当。如：He acted as a German spy during World War . 他在二战期间充当德国间谍。2)at the mercy of 受支配；任由摆布。如：They were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids. 即使没有现代航海技术的帮助，他们也没有任凭大海摆布。3)in danger 在危险中，如：The patient is in danger of death. 那个病人有死亡的危险。拓展：in+n. 表示状态的词组有：in safety 处于安全状态 in peace 平静地，在和平中 in surprise 惊讶地 in disappointment 失望地 in trouble 处于困境5. The living Treasures are honoured for their achievements in many different areas of life. 这些古稀老人因为在生活的不同领域取得成就而受到尊敬。剖析：be honoured for 因为而受到尊敬，如：The employee should be honoured for his great help to the manager. 这个雇员帮了经理的大忙，因而应当受到奖励。拓展：单词辨析：living, alive两者均可用作形容词，作“活着的” “在世的”解，但用法不尽相同。living 多作定语，置于所修饰的名词前，如：He has no living relatives. 他的亲戚们都去世了。Hes one of the greatest living composers. 他是当今最伟大的作曲家之一。alive作表语、后置定语和补语。The fish we caught is still alive. 我们抓的鱼还活着。Who is the greatest writer alive?谁是当今最伟大的作家？语法剖析活用（一）Subjunctive Mood宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。从句中用“should+动词原形”构成，而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。 如：He insisted that he(should) be sent to the West. I requested that you should attend the party. What he advised to us is that the meeting not be held today. 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。 The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that he was honest. (二)Adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession1. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常由where(哪里)，wherever(无论什么地方) 引导。Sit wherever you like. 想坐哪里就坐哪里。You have the right to live where you want. 你有权住在你想住的地方。2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句通常由下列词引导：if(如果)，unless(除非)，suppose(supposing)(假设)，provided(that)(假若)，providing(that)(假若)，on condition(that)(如果)，as(so) long as(只要)。如：If you want to succeed, youd better work hard. 如果你想成功, 最好努力工作Ill come unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则我一定来。You can borrow the book as long as you promise to keep it clean. 只要你保证不弄脏，你就可以借书。注意：条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。如：If he has the book, he will lend it to you. 如果他有这本书, 他将会借给你的。3. 让步状语从句让步状语从句通常由下列词引导：although(though)(虽然)，as(尽管)，even if(even though)(即使)，no matter(how, what, where, when)(不管(怎样、什么、哪里、何时)，whether.or(不管) 。如：Although he is poor, he is honest. 他虽然穷，但是诚实。Even if our car can go 100 miles an hour, we cant get there by ten. 即使我们的汽车每小时能跑100英里，10点以前我们还是到不了那里。Whatever you say she never listens. 不管你说什么，她都不听。注意:though/although 不能与but 连用，但可以与yet, still, however连用。如：Although she slept ten hours last night, she is still tired. 尽管她昨晚睡了10个小时她仍然很困。as 在引导让步状语从句时，如果把强调部分置于句首，句子用倒装语序。其结构是：表语/状语/动词原形+as+主语+其他，如：Pretty as she is, she is not clever. 尽管她很漂亮但不聪明。Hard as he worked, he made little progress. 尽管他努力地工作，但没取得什么进步。Try as she might, she failed. 尽管她试了，但失败了。活学巧用11. 单项填空1)（2006，全国）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ityesterday. A. was happeningB. happensC. has happenedD. happened2)（2006，海淀统考） _ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for答案：1）D2）B客服唯一联系qq 1119139686 欢迎跟我们联系
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