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教学无忧http:/jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/专注中小学 教学事业！Module 4 Music Born in AmericaI教学内容分析本模块以Music Born in America为话题，介绍了美国的本土音乐，其中包括了Hip Hop，Soul music, Gospel music, Jazz, Blues等。与此同时，还介绍了香港本土的音乐以及几位著名的美国音乐人。通过本模块的学习，要求学生能使用恰当的词汇与同学以音乐为主题展开讨论，了解中外音乐的相互影响，发表对音乐的观点和看法。Introduction 部分介绍几种美国本土的音乐类型，为整个模块的学习提供了一些知识储备，教师可以适当地帮助学生复习以前学过有关音乐的词汇，让学生能够形成比较系统的词汇网。Reading and Vocabulary 部分通过阅读一篇介绍Hip Hop的文章，系统地了解Hip Hop的起源、发展及现状。由于这是一篇说明文，在学习过程中教师可以适当地训练学生寻找主题句或归纳段落大意的能力。Grammar (1) 部分是复习时间状语从句。教师应着重把握时间状语从句学习中常出错的两个方面，一是时态；二是个别引导词的语序问题。Listening部分有三个内容，一是通过短语配对，让学生学习用英语来解释一些词组，并为后面的听力做好词汇基础的铺垫；二是让学生听一段母子的对话，让学生获取信息完成书上的练习，并着重帮助学生理解几个省略句的意思，为后面的语法课做好语言材料的准备。Grammar (2) 部分利用听力原文的几个省略句，让学生学会看并知道运用省略句。Function 部分学习使用比较过去与现在的功能句式。Everyday English 部分围绕日常生活中常见的交际用语，主要通过选择题的形式让学生进一步理解听力原文中出现的几个短语。如：a bit, my cup of tea, its ones turn to do sth.等。Reading and Writing部分通过阅读文章，回答三个开放性的问题，使学生开始思考音乐与学习的关系，为后面的写作做好了铺垫。第二部分要求学生根据所提供的问题，写一篇关于学习习惯的文章。Speaking部分要求学生根据本模块所学的内容，学会就这些音乐的起源及其其他有关音乐的话题展开讨论。Reading Practice 部分一篇介绍香港本土音乐的说明文，要求学生通过阅读文章，学会概括段落大意，并回答几个与文章细节有关的问题，培养学生对文章理解的能力。Cultural Corner部分是一篇介绍三位对世界音乐的发展产生影响的音乐家，增加学生对音乐家的认识。Task部分是对本模块的一个复习与应用，要求学生运用本模块所学的内容，组织一场班级音乐会，并在当中介绍音乐的类型、背景等内容。Module File部分有助学生对本模块学习内容进行归纳，对自己的学习进行总结和检验。II教学重点和难点1. 教学重点(1) 掌握一些与音乐相关的词汇。(2) 学习使用一些比较现在与过去的句型。(3) 学习时间状语从句和省略句。2. 教学难点(1) 听懂有关音乐的交谈并获取信息，听懂课文中有关音乐种类的介绍。(2) 正确使用一些比较现在与过去的句型。(3) 学会描写自己的学习习惯，并能写出自己对某种音乐的看法。III教学计划本单元分六个课时： 第一课时：Introduction, Cultural Cornermusic第二课时：Reading and Vocabulary, Speaking第三课时：Listening, Function, Everyday English第四课时：Grammar (1), Grammar (2)第五课时：Reading Practice第六课时：Reading and Writing, Module FileIV教学步骤：Period 1 Introduction, Cultural CornerTeaching Goals: 1. To arouse Ss interest in learning about music born in America.2. To get Ss to learn some words to describe music.3. To get Ss to know something about American music.Teaching Procedures:Step 1. IntroductionPurpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about music born in America.1. Ask Ss to think of the types of music to arouse Ss interest in learning about music born in AmericaSuggested Answers:There are many types of music: rock music, folk music, light music, rap-hop, country music, classical music, jazz, blues, soul music, gospel music2. Let Ss work in pairs. Ask them to look at the pictures and answer the following questions. (1) What is the difference between a choir and a band?A _ is a large group of singers. A _ is small group of musicians. They play music and may also sing.(2) What instruments do jazz musicians play?(3) What is the difference between the soul singer and the blues singer?_ is often quieter than _, and people dont usually dance to it.Suggested Answers:(1) choir, band(2) Saxophones, guitar, drums and a double bass, etc.(3) Blues, soul music3. Ask Ss to read the passage on page 43 and then fill in the table.TypePlace of originTime of originFeatureGospel musicSoul musicJazzBluesSuggested Answers:TypePlace of originTime of originFeatureGospel musicSouthern United StatesIn the 19th centuryChurch, strong and rhythmicSoul musicSouthern United States/A mixture of blues, gospel, a little rock and rollJazzAfrican-Americans in New OrleansIn the early 20th centuryImprovisation and using unusual rhythms (syncopation)BluesAfrican-Americans in New OrleansIn the late 19th and early 20th centuriesUsing guitar, piano, harmonicaStep 2. Cultural CornerPurpose: To learn about American musicians.1. Ask Ss to say some American musicians if they know some. 2. Ask Ss to read the Cultural Corner and fill in the blanks.NameFeatureTitleLouis ArmstrongRobert JohnsonWoody GuthrieSuggested Answers:NameFeatureTitleLouis ArmstrongA jazz singerA pioneer of the improvised jazz soloRobert JohnsonA blues singerThe father of rock and rollWoody GuthrieA folk singerA pioneer of protest music3. Let Ss fill in the blanks by themselves to learn some useful expressions.(1) Louis Armstrong, _ in 1901, was one of the most _ artists _ _ _ _ music. His nickname was Satchmo, which _ _ _ “Satchel Mouth”, because of his large mouth.(2) Robert Johnson, _ in Mississippi, wrote very _ and sad blues songs, whose music has _ generations of modern rock musicians. He _ _ record 29 songs, and _ _ _ _ white audiences.(3) Woody Guthrie, known as a pioneer of _ music, was _ _ a president. As he grew older, his songs became more humorous and optimistic. His belief is that it doesnt matter if youre black, white, , you can do something _ your life.Suggested Answers:(1) born, influential, in the history of, was short for(2) born, poetic, influenced, managed to, make an impression on(3) protest, named after, withStep 3. Homework1. Ask Ss to review what we have learnt today.2. Ask SS to preview Reading and Vocabulary.Period 2 Reading and VocabularyTeaching Goals:1. To help Ss improve their reading skills.2. To let Ss master some words and phrases.3. To get Ss to talk something about hip hop.Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Leading-inPurpose: To let Ss arouse interest in learning about Hip Hop.Show a picture to Ss and ask them to answer some questions.(1) What are they doing in the picture?(2) Do you know what kind of dance do they dance?Suggested Answers:(1) They are dancing.(2) Its hip-pop.Step 2 Vocabulary studyShow Ss some pictures and introduce some new fashionable words.breakdancinggraffiti artrapperDJ-ingStep 3 ReadingPurpose: To get Ss to learn about Hip Hop.1. Ask Ss read the passage quickly and try to catch the main idea of each part.Suggested Answers:Part 1: Hip hop is an American cultural movement which started in the 1970s at block parties in New York, especially in a district called the Bronx.Part 2: MCs, another style of music known as rap was born.Part 3: There are two main reasons for the success of hip hop.Part 4: How did rap singers record their songs? (By the way, teacher can underline the new words and phrases in order to let Ss pay more attention to them.)2. Ask Ss to read part 1 carefully and fill in the blanks:Hip HopWhatWhenWhereMain aspectsSuggested Answer:Hip HopWhatAmerican cultural movementWhenStarted in 1970sWhereAt block parties in New YorkMain aspectsBreakdance, graffiti art, DJ-ing, rapping (MC-ing)3. Ask Ss to read Part 2 carefully, and then answer the following questions.(1) Why did DJ Herc stop playing reggae music?(2) How did the DJs make the percussion breaks in the songs longer?(3) What were DJs who shouted during the songs called?(4) How long were the performances of the shouting DJs?(5) Apart from the DJs, what else happened at block parties?(6) What did they experiment with later?Suggested Answers: (1) Because he noticed that people didnt like it.(2) By using two records on two turntables.(3) MCs(4) Hours(5) Breakdancing (6) They experimented with different vocal and rhythmic approaches.4. Ask Ss to read Part 3 & 4 carefully, and then answer the questions.(1) What are the two reasons for the success of hip hop?(2) How did the first generation of rappers record their music?(3) Which city was the capital of hip hop in 1985?(4) Which style of rapping soon spread to other parts of the United States?(5) What is the new type of hip hop in England?Suggested Answers:(1) Firstly its cheap and easy. Secondly, people were bored with the pop music of the day, and hip hop took advantage of disco music and provided a kind of disco music for people who hated disco.(2) They recorded the backing tracks in the studio and the rappers added their vocals later.(3) New York(4) The East Coast rap(5) In England, a new music form emerged, called trip hop, a mixture of jazz, hip hop and electronic music.5. Ask Ss to work in groups of four. Let them read the comments about hip hop music in Activity 7 on page 47, and express their own ideas.(Teachers can let Ss do the speaking together.)Step 4. Language Points1. Ask Ss to discuss the important and difficult language points.(1) The words of early blues songs often consisted of a single line repeated two or three times before changing. 早期的蓝调歌曲通常包含一句要反复唱两三遍才换的歌词。consist of无被动态，类似用法的词组还有： belong to, take place, happen, come true, come out, break out, etc.【例】This is a charity committee _ ten members. A. consists ofB. consist ofC. consisted of D. consisting of Key: D(2) , but Herc and other DJs made them longer by using two records on two turntables, side by side.side by side 肩并肩,相互扶持Eg Two children are walking side by side. We stand side by side with you in this competition. 【拓展】类似的短语还有:neck and neck “并驾齐驱地 head to head 交头接耳地(3) They experiment with different vocal and rhythmic approaches. 他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法。 experiment with 用做实验Eg They are experimenting with new methods of teaching.【拓展】experiment的其他用法： make/do/carry out/perform /try an experiment on/upon/in/ with 做实验(试验)，对做实验（试验） by experiment通过实验Eg They find out what foods the baby likes by experiment. approach v & n（Teacher can present some sentences in order to review the meaning of approach. The time is approaching when we must leave. (vi来临) As you approach the town the first building you see is the church. （vt走近） His work is approaching perfection. （vt 近似，接近） Did he approach you about lending him some money? （vt找商量） He approached the difficulty with great thought. （vt着手） Our approach drove away the wild animals. （n走近） All the approaches to the town were blocked. （n通路） That professors new approach to language teaching was considered better than anyone elses. （n方法，手段）(4) Disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid-1970s. 20世纪70年代中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。be in decline 在下降中,在衰退中The company is in decline because of falling demand.【拓展】decline的其他用法： She is on the decline, and may die soon. （在下降中,在衰退中） She declined to help me. （拒绝）After his wifes death, he fell into a decline. （失去力量、影响等；衰落）Our business has gone into a decline this year. (5) Hip hop took advantage of that and provided a kind of disco music for people who hated disco. take advantage of利用Eg Why do you always want to take advantage of me?【拓展】advantage的其他词组： ave the advantage of sb 比某人强Eg You really have the advantage of me. be to ones advantage 对某人有利Eg The agreement is to our advantage. give sb an advantage (over) 使某人在方面比较有利【练习】 I think we should _ Changjiang River, which can solve the power problem of some parts of China. (Key: D)A. have the advantage ofB. take the advantage ofC. be to its advantage ofD. take advantage of(6) The new style soon spread to other parts of the United States. 这种风格很快就传到了美国的其它地方。 spread to + n 传到了地方Eg That the news spread to his home is not a good business. spread解释为“传播”的意思时可与其它的介词连用：spread through / across / from to Eg The illness spread through the whole village. The fire spread from the factory the houses nearby.2. Ask Ss to translate the following phrases.(1) cultural movement(2) block parties(3) especially(4) four main aspects(5) come from the term (6) the percussion breaks(7) at the time(8) on two turntables(9) side by side(10) at the same time(11) the moment (12) be bored with(13) be in decline(14) a strong beat(15) take advantage of (16) add their vocals(17) the next generation of (18) the capital of hip hop(19) spread to / across (20) be based in (21) a mixture of (22) music play on computerSuggested Answers:(1) 文化运动(2) 街区舞会 (3) 尤其是(3) 四个主要的元素(5) 来源于的术语 (6) 打击乐(1) 当时(8) 在两个唱盘上 (9) 肩并肩，一起(10) 同时(11) 一就 (12) 对厌烦(13) 走下坡路(14) 节奏强烈 (15) 利用(16) 加进他们的声音(17) 下一代 (18) 嬉蹦乐之都(19) 传播到某个地方(20) 驻足在 (21) 的混合物(22) 电脑上播放的音乐3. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and fill in the missing words.All You Need to Know About Hip HopPart 1What is hip hop and how did it start?Hip hop is an American (1) _ which started in the 1970s at block parties in New York, (2) _ in a district called the Bronx. There are four main (3) _ of hip hop: breakdance and graffiti art plus two types of hip hop music DJ-ing and rapping. Rapping (4) _ MC-ing (coming from the term master of ceremonies). The DJs at block parties in the 1970s played a lot of soul music and they (5) _ that people (6) _ the percussion breaks in the songs because they were the best parts to dance to. So they started repeating the percussion breaks. This is a (7) _ used by DJs in Jamaica. There were a lot of Jamaicans in New York who (8) _. At first, they played a lot of reggae.Part 2What was the big breakthrough?DJ Herc, one of the most popular Jamaican DJs at the time, noticed that New York audiences didnt really like reggae music, so he started (9) _ other kinds of music, (10) _ rock and disco music. The percussion breaks were usually short, but Herc and other DJs made them (11) _ by using two records on two turntables, (12) _. Some of the DJs began speaking and shouting while the music played. Shouting DJs became known as MCs. And so the style of music known as rap was born.(13) _, MCs often performed for hours, repeating words and phrases and then improvising. (14) _, they experimented with different vocal and rhythmic approaches, using rhyming words, often words from African-American culture. (15) _, people started breakingdancing at block parties.Part 3Why was hip pop so successful?There are two main reasons. (16) _, its cheap and easy you just need two turntables and a microphone. Anyone can be an MC, using songs which have already been recorded.(17) _, people were bored with the pop music of the day disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid-1970s. However, disco music had a strong beat, and it was easy to dance to. Hip hop (18) _ that and provided a kind of disco music for people who hated disco!Part 4How did rap singers record their song?(19) _ that rap artists recorded their music, musicians recorded the backing tracks (the music without the singing) in the studio and the rappers added their vocal later. The next generation of rappers recorded their vocals at the same time as the musicians.New York was the capital of hip hop during the 1980s, and the style was known as East Coast rap. (20) _ There were a lot of West Coast rappers based in California. In Miami, Florida, a new style developed, strongly influenced by Cuban and Puerto Rican music.In the late 1980s, hip hop spread across the world, to Japan, India and many parts of Europe, especially France, Belgium and Italy. In England, a new music form emerged, called trip hop, a mixture of jazz, hip hop and electronic music (for example, music played on computers).Suggested Answers:(1) cultural movement (2) especially (3) aspects(4) is also known as(5) noticed(6) preferred(7) technique(8) brought the idea with them(9) playing(10) including(11) longer (12) side by side(13) At the beginning (14) Later(15) At the same time(16) Firstly(17) Secondly(18) took advantage of(19) The first time (20) The style soon spread to other parts of the United States.Step 5. Speaking1. Ask Ss to discuss what they have learnt in the reading passage.2. Ask Ss to try to use their own words to retell the passage, the topic is the origins of hip hop.Step 6. Homework1. Ask Ss to review what we have learnt today.2. Ask Ss to finish Activity 2,3, 5, 6 on page 45-46.Period 3 Listening, Everyday English, FunctionTeaching Goals: 1. To enable Ss to know some skills of listening;2. To study some daily expressions;3. To learn some expressions of comparing the present and the past.Teaching Procedures:Step 1. RevisionCheck the answers to the answers of Activities 2, 3, 5, 6 on pages 4546.Step 2. Listening1. Let Ss finish Activity 1 on page 49 to learn the some new instructions.2. Ask Ss to listen to the conversation and finish Activity 2 on page 49.3. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and fill in the missing words.FX Noisy musicMother: Can you turn that down a bit?Daughter: _(1)_Mother: Turn down the music, please? Its too _(2)_?Daughter: Sorry! I cant hear you. Wait a minute!FX Music turned down.Daughter: Sorry, mum. What did you say?Mother: _(3)_Daughter: Oh! Sorry! _(4)_Mother: Im not surprised.Daughter: _(5)_Mother: Im not surprised that you couldnt hear me.Daughter: Was I playing the music too loud?Mother: Yes, you were.Daughter: Sorry. _(6)_Mother: What are you listening to?Daughter: A new American hip hop band.Mother: Theyre very loud.Daughter: Yes. Great, arent they?Mother: What are they called?Daughter: _(7)_. It isnt my CD, its my friend Angelas.Mother: Well, they arent my cup of tea. Bands are so much noisier than they used to be.Daughter: _(8)_ I listened to one of your CDs _ (9)_. It was REALLY loud!Mother: Well, when I was your age, we didnt listen to such loud music.Daughter: _(10)_Mother:We didnt!Daughter: Really?Mother: All right, we did. But we didnt play music as loudly as you do these days.Daughter: OK. Ill turn it down.Mother: Thank you. but why are inside listening to music anyway? Its a beautiful day. When I was young, we used to spend much more time _(11)_ than you do. Why dont you turn the music off and go for a walk?Daughter: I dont want to. Anyway, Im waiting for a phone call.Mother: Who from?Daughter: Angela. She said shed call me but she hasnt.Mother: Why dont you call her?Daughter: _(12)_.Mother: Well, why dont you go and see her? She only lives round the corner.Daughter: Yes! Good idea! Shes got more CDs than me.Mother: _(13)_ Suggested Answers:(1) What? (2) loud(3)I asked you to turn the music down!(4) Couldnt hear you!(5) Pardon?(6) Didnt mean to.(7) Dont know(8) Not true! (9) the other day(10) I bet you did!(11) in the open air(12) Its her turn to call me (13) Honestly3. Ask Ss to fill in the blanks after listening.(1) The mother asked the daughter to _ _ the music _ _ for its too _.(2) The daughter felt sorry because she didnt _ _.(3) What the daughter listened to is a new American _ _ _.(4) Mother said that music was not her _ _ _ and bands now are _ _ than they _ _ _.(5) Then the mother suggested the daughter _ _ the music and go for a walk because _ _.Suggested Answers:(1) turn down, a bit, loud (2) mean to (3) hip hop band(4) cup of tea, much noisier, used to be
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