新编实用英语四册教案.doc

.可编辑修改，可打印别找了你想要的都有！ 精品教育资料全册教案，试卷，教学课件，教学设计等一站式服务全力满足教学需求，真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源，打造完美教学模式新编实用英语4教案 任课教师：程敏Unit One English Studies and TestsTeaching Objectives: 1. Learn to talk about: 1) Taking English tests 2) Overcoming the troubles in English tests2. Learn to: 1) Ask for and give suggestions for English tests 2) Ask for and give suggestions for learning English 3. Learn to write: 1) Applied Writing: Filling out a test application form2) Functional Writing: Describing functionsSection ITalking Face to FaceSection IIBeing All EarsSection IIIMaintaining a Sharp EyePassage I Read the TextImportant Words and Expressionsacquire by learning or experience; tidy up; take on 学会，获取（知识）；收拾，整理；承载，开车去接 pick up: What a coincidence that I was in New York at the same time as you. two or more events similar or related happening by chance at the same time or place; the condition or fact of coinciding coincidence n. coincident a. (with) coincidental (ly) a. (ad.) 同时发生的（地） coincide v. (with) I have no illusion about his coming to see me.We were under an illusion that the company was doing very well but it was in difficulty.have no illusion be fully conscious of the true nature of sth esp. bad or difficult 对不抱幻想 be under an illusion to believe wrongly 有错觉，误以为illusion n. 错觉，幻觉；幻想All opposition to the company collapsed in the face of the threat of unemployment.She collapsed at the end of the marathon race.fall suddenly and completely; break down; to fall helpless or unconscious 瓦解, 崩溃,垮掉；倒下,晕倒collapse v. (intr.)not necessarily: 不一定Food that looks good doesnt necessarily taste good.What he said just now came straight from his heart.Many Chinese words have been mixed into English like tea and jiaozi.mix into: 融入 (of) reasonable hope of sth. happening, sth which is probable soon; every prospect a strong possibility; in prospect likely to happen in the near future 展望，期望，前景；极有可能； 即将面临的，期望中的Difficult Sentencesl (Para.1) A language belongs to a group of people and a word or saying means what the speech community has made it mean. 语言归属于讲这一语言的人，而词语或话语的意义则是讲这种语言的人们所赋予的。 refers to “the people who speak the language in a certain area” -(Para. 1) Sometimes the British words and phrases can stay so unfamiliar that they cause funny coincidences like these from my own life: “so . that”引导结果状语从句 l refers to “funny coincidences” mentioned in the following paragraphs有时有些英国英语的词语与美国英语大相径庭，会产生一些有趣的巧合，下面是我的一些切身体验： His question was so unfamiliar that we couldnt understand him. l (Para. 1) Sometimes the British words and phrases can stay so unfamiliar that they cause funny coincidences like these from my own life: l (Para. 3) The native speaker may feel that there is not just one word but two different words: 英国本地人可能觉得“茶”不是一个词而是两个不同的词： I cant help feeling that you havent been completely honest with us. means “think”引导表语从句 l (Para. 7) The reason is that they are more accustomed to foreign influences when the Britons have been living more isolate in their Isles. 原因是他们更习惯于外国的影响，而英国人却一直寓居在一群孤岛上。 We have only ten computers when we need twenty computers in the reading room. expresses a contrast and therefore can be translated as “而，可是” in Chinese l (Para. 9) In speech it is often abbreviated to “car-boot” and everybody . knows from the context that the person is talking about an open air flea market, where ordinary people try to get rid of their old belongings. 口头语常简化为“车尾卖”，从上下文人人都知道（语言基于约定俗成），说话人指的是一般人处理旧东西的露天跳蚤市场。 All of us went to the Palace Museum, where we visited the bed room section of the emperor. Passage2 1.Translate the passage paragraph by paragraph2.Do the exercisesSection IV Applied WritingDescribing OrganizationsDescribing an organization usually involves its time of establishment, location, constitution, size, engagement or business area and / or particular features. The following are some of the words and expressions usually used in describing an organization. 表示 成立于:be founded in / on, be established in / on, be set up in / on 表示 位于：be located at / on / in / by, be situated at / on / in / by 表示组成、构成:be made up of, be composed of, consist of, comprise, contain, be combined in / into, be merged into / with 表示 规模：have a staff / enrolment of ., have . employees, have . branches, have . multinational subsidiaries , cover an area of . square (kilo)meters, be equal in size to 表示 业务范围：(be) specialize(d) in, be engaged in, be devoted to, offer services / courses / programs in, deal in 表示 特征：Unit 2 Art of NegotiationSection I Talking Face to FaceI. GreetingII. Introduction: Presentation and demonstration are very important in launching a new product. Here are two samples of advertising presentation. Read them through and then practice the dialogue based on the information given.III. Data Bank Ill accept your offer if your order is large enough. 如果你的订数够多，我会接受你的报价的。 If you cut down your price by another ten dollars a set, Ill double my order. 如果你把每套的价格减少10元，我将把订数增加一倍。 Can we fix the price first and decide the discount later? 我们先定价然后再确定折扣好吗？ Compared with the market price, your quotation is still too high. 与市场价格相比，你的报价还是太高。 This works against common sense, doesnt it? 这有违常识，不是吗？ Lets not rush to conclusions yet. What I want to point out is this. 咱们先别急于下结论。我想指出的是 In that case it would be easy / difficult for us to proceed with our talk. 既然这样，我们就很难/容易继续我们的谈话/谈判。 You cant be serious, can you? / Are you kidding? 你不会是认真的，是吗？/你是在开玩笑吗？ It wont take long for me to be competent for the job. 我不久就能胜任这个工作。 This is absolutely unfair. We find it hard to accept the terms. 这绝对不公平。我们很难接受这些条款。 What? Are you the kind of person who can be easily tricked? 什么？你是那种轻易被骗的人吗？ I really dont wish to see you go home empty-handed. So shall we come to a last minute agreement? 我真不想让你空着手回家。所以我们能在最后时刻达成协议吗？ 13. The step youve just taken is a kind of breakthrough, but not yet a decisive move. 你所采取的步骤是一种突破，但还不是决定性的让步。 14 If you take one more step forward and accept our terms, well sign the contract right away. 如果你再前进一步，接受我们的条件，我们可以马上签订合同。 15 Lets put all the cards on the table and be completely straightforward about them. 咱们把所有的牌都摆到桌面上来，直截了当地谈条件吧。IV. Act out Ask the Ss to prepare the dialogues in pairs and them ask some of them to act out them out in class.V. Assignment: 1. Do Ex.1-3; 2. Preview Section III.Section III Maintaining a Sharp EyePassage 1 Art of NegotiationI. Greeting. II. Text Related InformationTop Ten Tips for Successful Salary Negotiations 1. Be persuasive； 2. Aim high, and be realistic； 3. Start off with the right tone； 4. Clarify your interests； 5. Anticipate their interests； 6. Create several options； 7. Focus on objective criteria； 8. Think through your alternatives: 9. Prepare thoughtfully to achieve your goals； 10. Review to learn. III. Important Words:1) out of （prep.）because of因为，出于，由于 e.g. They did come yesterday out of interest. 2) give-and-take （n.） willingness to compromise 相互让步，相互迁就 e.g. A successful marriage requires a lot of give-and-take. 3) ingredient （n.） element 要素e.g Imagination and hard work are the ingredients of success.4) look on sb. / sth. as： consider, regard as 看作，视为 e.g I have always looked on him as one of my best friends.end up in ：be . in the end告终，结束，最终e.g. Youll end up in hospital if you are not careful.6) push sb / sth to the ropes : put sb into a corner 使某人陷入困境e.g. In order to create a win-win negotiation, dont push the other party to the ropes.7) in the aggregate : in total, as a group 总体来说，总计 e .g. Unit sales for the last month amounted in the aggregate to 100, 000. 8) plunge into: throw oneself wholeheartedly into 全心投入，全神贯注于e.g. The students plunged into their final examinations. 9) expectations (n.) prospects, especially of success or gain 希望，期望中的事 e.g. I usually enjoy her novels, but the latest one didnt come up to my expectation. 10) back up (v.) support, esp. in an argument or talk支持（尤指在谈判，辩论中） e.g. If you hadnt backed me up at the negotiation, I would have lost it. 11) psyche oneself up (n.) make oneself ready mentally; get excited 做好心理准备；使兴奋起来 e.g. I made myself all psyched up for the exam, so it was a big letdown for me when I heard it was postponed.IV. Ask the Ss to read Passage 1 and try to answer the questions of Read and Think. Then choose three students to translate the passage orally, especially pay attention to some difficult sentences.* Explanation of Difficult Sentences:1. (Para. 1) . and sincerity is always subject to proof. 真诚始终需要考验。 Analysis: (be) subject to means “dependent on something else” “需要，取决于，经受”. e.g.：Subject to ministers approval, they have the authority to decide.2. (P. 3) For it to end in a positive manner it must be a win-win situation for both parties. 其积极的结果应该是双赢。3. (Para. 3) The goal of negotiation is not a dead competitor. 谈判的目的不是要将对手置于死地。 Analysis: （paraphrase = The goal of negotiation is not to defeat the competitor.） (P. 3)There is a point where your opponent will simply decide that there is no gain in negotiating with you and abandon the whole process. 谈判也会有一个界限，到了这个界限，对方就会考虑既然和你谈判没有收益，他就会完全放弃。Analysis: 引导定语从句，修饰a point，meaning “a specified limit or degree” Eg: The negotiation finally reached the point where both parties had to be careful.5. (Para. 4) Human behavior is a very difficult subject but luckily when the individual is viewed as part of a large group, it is easier to predict behavior in that context. 人的行为是一个非常难以理解的问题，但所幸的是把个体的行为作为团体的一部分来看待时，就比较容易从团体的这一环境中预测其行为。 Analysis: Is viewed as means“is regarded as” ；context means “circumstance” . Eg: Conflict is viewed as an inevitable part of the child-parent relationship. 6. (Para. 7) Chances are that you will not know the person with whom you will be negotiating. Analysis: “Chances are that”means “it is likely ” 很有可能你不认识你要会谈的人。 Eg: Chances are that she has already heard the news. 很可能她已经听到这个消息了。7. (Para. 8) Rehearse the presentation in advance using another person as the opponent. 找个人当你的对手，事先将你的陈述演练一遍。 Analysis: 祈使句，句中 rehearse means “practice” ，and in advance means “before the negotiation”. V. Try to complete the exercises after Passage 1, especially 4&5.Passage 2 Watch That First Step 1. Text-related InformationHow to Influence Your Prospects with Powerful Negotiation Skills Here are 2 MUST-KNOWS before you ever negotiate:1. Ignorance is your most expensive commodity; 2. Psychological negotiations start from day oneIn todays information-rich market place, arrogance is your worst enemy. Chances are your prospects know as much if not more about your products and service than you do. II. Important Words:1) litter with make untidy by discarding rubbish 在上乱扔杂物，在上零乱堆满 Eg: Selfish picnickers always litter the beach with food wrappers.2) land a contract with: make a contract with与签定合同Eg: The IT company landed a long term contract with a famous international company. 3) blurt out : utter suddenly and impulsively 脱口说出，冲口说出 Eg: Tom blurted out the news before he considered the consequence. 汤姆未考虑后果就把消息泄露了。4) take aback: take by surprise 吃惊 Eg: We were taken aback by her caustic remarks. 她挑衅似的言辞使我们大吃一惊。5) pertain to : relate to有关联；关于 Eg: The evidence that we found pertains to the accident. 我们发现的证据与此次意外事件有关。 6) come to pass : happen 发生，发现 Eg: So it came to pass that they married. 7) take a back seat to doing sth. : be less important than 屈居于后，位于之后Eg: In a negotiation, time takes a back seat to making a successful agreement. 8) bottom line : the original meaning of the phrase is “the line in a financial statement that shows net income or loss” “账本底线” Here it is used figuratively. Eg: The bottom line has to be kept in a negotiation. 10) concede v. make a concession; yield; acknowledge reluctantly, as being true, just, or proper; admit 作出让步；屈服；不情愿地承认是真的、公正或合适的；承认 Eg: The counterpart conceded several points in the negotiation as the bottom line approached.The losing candidate conceded at midnight after the polls had closed. 投票数揭晓后，败北的候选人在午夜时才认输。 III. Explanation of Difficult Sentences:1. (Para. 1) There is so much international business going on these days that we seldom give much thought to the pitfalls of negotiations with prospective business partners or customers. Analysis: Give much thought to means “think about, consider” 考虑 Eg: He gave much thought to the local people wherever he went. 2.(Para. 4) His host, taken aback, responded, but we have been doing business! Analysis: taken aback 过去分词短语做状语；be taken aback means “be surprised” “(感到）十分吃惊”Eg: 3. (Para. 5) As it turned out, they started meeting on the third day and a contract was signed on Saturday, but the American was in such a hurry to conclude the contract within the week that he conceded a number of points as his self-imposed deadline approached. 结果，他们在第三天开始举行会谈，并在星期六签了合同。但是这位美国人因为自己定的最后期限就要到了，不得不在一周内仓促签约，为此作了不少让步。 Analysis: As it turned out 非限制性定语从句，meaning “如结果那样，结果（是）”; Eg: As it turned out, she got a cold.It was such a lovely day that we decided to go for a picnic. Section IV Trying Your HandI. Greeting.II. Applied Writing: Negotiation AgendaIn preparing for an agenda for a negotiation, there are three basic elements we have to pay attention to: time, events and places.III. Functional Writing Describing FunctionsFunction descriptions are usually found in product directions, instruction manuals and other printed sales-promotion materials. To describe the function(s) of something is to state clearly for what purpose it is used or created, in what way it works or the duty it performs. The following are some of the expressions and patterns commonly used in describing functions. act as .起的作用，充当 function as .起的作用serve as .用作，充当 serve to .用来 be used to .（被）用来 be used for . （被）用来 be used as .（被）用作IV. Assignment:1Finish the Ex. 2. Preview Unit 3. Unit 3 DNA and Cloning Section I Talking Face to FaceI. GreetingII. Introduction: Such words as gene, DNA and clone are frequently used terms nowadays and they represent the advances in genetics. How much do you know about cloning? Whats your opinion of cloning?III. Data Bank Do you happen to know the meaning of the word “clone”? 你知道“克隆”一词的意思吗？ Have you ever heard of the Human Genome Project? 你听说过人类基因组工程吗？ Where did you get that information about human cloning? 你是从哪儿获得那则关于克隆人的信息的？ How come you know so much about genetics? 你怎么知道这么多关于遗传学的知识？ Ive been wondering at the source of the rumor that a human has been cloned. 我一直想知道有人被克隆了的谣言是怎么来的。 How do you know the cloning project has been completed already? 你怎么知道这项克隆工程已完成了的？ It is reported that Dolly died some time ago. 据报道，多莉前些时候死了。 According to the latest news, the project has been under way for some time. 据最新消息，这项工程已进行了一段时间。 I hear that some scientists plan to clone humans. 我听说有些科学家计划克隆人类。 Its said that a certain company has cloned a baby. But nobody believes it. 据说某公司克隆了一婴儿，但没人信。11. As far as I know, this is a dangerous experiment. 据我所知，这是个危险的誓言。12. Some countries are trying to pass laws banning human cloning. 有些国家正在通过法律禁止克隆人类。 13. Most governments are against human cloning. 大多数政府反对克隆人类。 IV. Act out Ask the Ss to prepare the dialogues in pairs and them ask some of them to act out them out in class.Section III Maintaining a Sharp EyePassage 1 To Clone or Not to CloneI. Greeting. II. In this section, learn a passage about cloning.III. Text Related Information1. What is cloning? To Human Genome Project researchers, cloning refers to copying genes and other pieces of chromosomes to generate enough identical material for further study. Two other types of cloning produce complete, genetically identical animals. Blastomere separation (sometimes called “twinning” after the naturally occurring process that creates identical twins) involves splitting a developing embryo soon after fertilization of the egg by a sperm (sexual reproduction) to give rise to two or more embryos. The resulting organisms are identical twins (clones) containing DNA from both the mother and the father. 2. Why clone? One goal of this and similar research is to develop efficient ways to alter animals genetically and reproduce them reliably. Alterations have included adding genes (such as those for human proteins) to create drug-producing animals as well as inactivating genes to study the effects and possibly create animal models of human diseases. Cloning technology also may someday be used in humans to produce whole organs from single cells or to raise animals having genetically altered organs suitable for transplanting to humans. Using the same technique that produced Dolly, researchers have cloned a number of large and small animals including sheep, goats, mice and cows. But scientists remain uncertain about whether genetic changes in the cells used to obtain nuclei will lead to adverse effects on the health of the cloned animals. 3. What is the Human Genome Project? Started formally in 1990, the World Human Genome Project is a 13-year effort. The project originally was planned to last 15 years, but rapid technological advances have accelerated the expected completion date to 2003. Project goals are to 1) identify all the approximate 30 000 genes in human DNA, 2) determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA, 3) store this information in databases, 4) improve tools for data analysis, 5) transfer related technologies to the private sector, and 6) address the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project.To help achieve these goals, researchers also are studying the genetic makeup of several nonhuman organisms. These include the common human gut bacterium Escherichia coli, the fruit fly, and the laboratory mouse. IV. Important Words:1) needless to say adv. of course not need to say 不用说 e.g. Needless to say, it rained when I left my windows open. Needless to say, he kept his promise. 不用说，他信守了他的诺言。 Needless to say, I survived. 不用说, 我得救了.Needless to say, learning without thinking is useless. 不用说，学而不思则罔。 Needless to say, the old master worker was happy to have such good apprentices有这样好的徒工，老师傅甭提多高兴。2) populate vt. live in 居住e.g. Settlers from abroad populated the new land soon.The town is heavily populated by immigrants.该镇居住着很多外来移民。* population: （n.）the people who inhabit a territory or state 人口e.g. What is the population of this country? 这个国家的人口是多少？ There has been a steady decrease in population in this city. 这个城市的人口在持续下降。 We have a growing population and therefore we need more food. 我们的人口在增长，因此需要更多的食物。3) dilemma n. a difficult situation (whether or not to choose) 左右为难，进退两难 e.g Her offer has put me in a bit of a dilemma.She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at school or get a job.她进退两难，不知该留在学校读书还是找份工作。The doctors dilemma was whether he should tell the patient the truth. 医生进退两难的是该不该把真情告诉患者。We must get out of the present dilemma by some means o