高考英语二轮复习 第1部分 提升语法运用 第10讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

第十讲 情态动词和虚拟语气1(2016高考全国甲卷短文改错)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 2(2016高考全国甲卷短文改错)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. 3(2016高考北京卷单选，34改编)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week？If you (tell) me，I could have helped.4(2016高考天津卷单选，5改编)It was really annoying；I get access to the data bank you had recommended.5(2016高考天津卷单选，15改编)I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I would (injure)6(2016高考江苏卷单选，28改编)If it (be) for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.7(2015高考北京卷单选，34改编)If I (see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it.8(2015高考江苏卷单选，28改编)It might have saved me some trouble I known the schedule.9(2015高考天津卷单选，13改编)I wish I (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.10(2015高考安徽卷单选，32改编)It is lucky we booked a room，or we (have) nowhere to stay now.11(2015高考陕西卷单选，23改编)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I dance as well as Ellen. 12(2015高考江苏卷单选，28改编)It might have saved me some trouble have I known the schedule. 13(2015高考全国卷短文改错)We must found ways to protect the environment.If we fail to do so，well live to regret it. 14(2015高考福建卷单选，28改编)Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You (make)full preparations.15(2015高考江苏卷单选，34改编)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around Thomas Edison.答案：1.删除can或can改为should2.chosechoose3had told4.couldnt5.have been injured6.hadnt been7.hadnt seen8.had9.had been10.would have11dancedanced12.第二个havehad13.foundfind14should have made15.but for1熟记虚拟语气的三种句型公式(1)表示与现在事实相反的情况(2)表示与过去事实相反的情况(3)表示对将来情况的主观推测2.表示能力，can与be able to一般可互换，但be able to可用于将来时和完成时等更多时态；在表示过去具体某次能够成功做成某事时，只能用was/were able to。3表示请求许可，可说May/Might/Can/Could I.？但表示给予许可时，不能用might/could，即不说you might/could。4must强调主观认为“必须”做某事，只有一般现在时态；而have to强调客观上要求“不得不”做某事，有更多的时态变化；mustnt“不准”，而dont have toneednt“不必”。5表示“应该，应当”，should和ought to可互换，只是ought to的语气稍重；should强调主观看法，而ought to强调客观要求。6表示推测的情态动词，若按语气强弱排列，依次有must，can，could，may，might等。其中，could，might不一定是can，may的过去式，只是语气分别比can，may更弱。使用时注意以下几点：(1)must只用于肯定句，表示有把握的推测，可译作“一定会，准会”。(2)can一般不用于肯定句，可译作“可能”；但语气稍弱的could可用于肯定句；can表示“有时也会”时也可用于肯定句。(3)may不用于疑问句，表示没有把握的推测，常译作“或许，可能”。(4)用于否定句：cant，couldnt不可能；may/might not可能不。.单句语法填空1(2016四川凉山州二次诊断)We often hear that children wish they (be) grownups，and that old people wish to be young.2(2016江苏淮安四次调研)She would be much healthier now she not burdened herself with that much pressure from work when young.3I am sure I saw Brian in the park this morning.You be imagining things.He left for America last night.4On Sundays when I was a child，father and I get up early and go fishing.5The old couple each get a very nice present from our manager on their birthdays.6Sometimes smiles around the world be false，hiding other feelings like anger，fear or worry.7(2016福建毕业班质检)You have bought the book for me，but thank you all the same.8According to the factory safety rules，all accidents be reported to the safety officer.9School is over.How can we contact Robert?Try phoning him.He be home by now.He lives only a stones throw from the school.10(2016江西南昌三中模拟)Jack，look！Everybody is doing homework quietly. you make a noise in class?11If Mr.Dewey (be)present，he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.12Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he (do)something instead of just talking.13Our company will organize a trip to Hong Kong next month.I am taking my mother there.Id rather you (do)After all she has just recovered from her illness and she still feels weak.14The upset mother thought to herself，“If only I (know)whats going on in my little boys head right now.”15His ship was delayed because of the heavy fog yesterday；otherwise I (pick)him up on time.16(2016陕西西工大附中模拟)Im going to San Francisco for a couple of days.I really envy you.How I wish I (get)away for a while.17He agreed to our suggestion that we (put)on a play at the English evening.18But for the help from the doctor，the little boy (lose)his life.19If you had told me in advance，I (meet)him at the airport.20The order came that the medical supplies (send)to the earthquakestricken area soon.答案：1.were2.had3.must4.would5.shall6.can7neednt8.shall9.should10.Must11.had been12did/should do13.didnt14.knew15.would have picked16.would/could get17.(should)put18.would have lost19.would have met20.(should)be sent.单句改错1I used to living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou. 2Youd better to wear rubbers，for its raining outside. 3I would rather to work than play. 4I can have lent you the money.Why didnt you ask me? 5She should able to give us a good answer. 6Judging from what you say，he ought succeed. 7How I wish there are 28 hours a day so that I had more time for fun. 8Had he worked hard years ago，he would become very rich today. 9If I were a boy again，I will remember that a good skater never tries to skate in two directions at once. 10It might have been done better if you have been more careful. 答案：1.livinglive2.去掉to3.去掉to4.cancould5should后加be6.ought后加to7.arewere8.become前加have9.willwould10.havehad.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。My 14yearold son John and I noticed the coat at the same time in a secondhand clothing store.It 1. (stand)out among the old coats.The price was also unbelievable: $28(171 yuan)Woolen topcoats were popular with teenage boys，but they could cost several hundred dollars now.He put 2. on and the fit was perfect.John wore the coat to school the next day and came home 3. a big smile.“Did 4. (kid)like your coat？” I asked.“They loved it，” he said.Over the next few weeks，John changed.He was polite and overall much happier.“Good dinner，Mom.” he would say every evening.One day when I suggested that he should start on his homework beforedinner，John，5. always put things off，said，“Youre right.I guess I will.” 6. I talked to one of his teachers about these differences，she joked that the coat 7. (change)him.As is 8. (know)to John and me，clothes do not define a person，9. there is something to be 10. (value)for looking good.1解析：stood。考查动词的时态。整篇文章叙述过去的一件事情，故用一般过去时。2解析：it。考查代词。在这里it代指前面的coat。3解析：with。with短语作状语。4解析：kids。考查名词单复数。从后文中的They可判断此处应该用复数形式。5解析：who。考查定语从句。先行词为John，在从句中作主语；另外，此处是非限制性定语从句，故用who。6解析：When。考查连词，引导时间状语从句。7解析：must have changed。考查情态动词。此处是对过去的肯定推测，故用must have done。8解析：known。考查非谓语动词。as is known to sb.为固定句型，意为“据某人所知”。9解析：but。考查连词。前后表转折。10解析：valuable。考查词性转换。应用形容词作表语。.短文改错Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining the heavy traffic.It has serious influenced peoples daily life and economic development.To solve the problem，some pieces of advice is put forward.Some people suggest that more streets and roads are built.By this way，the traffic density can be reduced，thus speeding up the flow of buses and cars.Some people advised limiting the number of bikes and cars.This can decrease the traffic flow.But on the other hand，this will effect the consumption and make buses more crowded.In my opinions，the number of private cars should be put under the control.And at the same time，buses should have their own special routes where cannot be used by other vehicles.答案：Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining theabout heavy traffic.It has influenced peoples daily life and economic development.To solve the problem，some pieces of advice put forward.Some people suggest that more streets and roads built. this way，the traffic density can be reduced，thus speeding up the flow of buses and cars.Some people limiting the number of bikes and cars.This can decrease the traffic flow.But on the other hand，this will the consumption and make buses more crowded.In my ，the number of private cars should be put under control.And at the same time，buses should have their own special routes cannot be used by other vehicles.写作提升根据上下文和括号中的提示，用正确的虚拟语气完成语段。Im very grateful for your help during my study in America.Without your help，1. (我的英语不会提高的那么快)If you were to visit China this summer，2. (我将到机场接您)By the way，do you know how everything is going with Mr.Smith？I failed to get in touch with him after I left America.I would be very thankful 3. (要是你能给我提供他的电子邮箱和电话号码)How I wish 4. (我能尽快与他取得联系)!答案：1.my English couldnt have improved so quickly2I would pick you up at the airport3if you could offer me his email address or telephone number4I could contact with him as soon as possible情态动词和虚拟语气注意虚拟条件句与主句的谓语动词与现在事实或将来可能的事实相反，从句用一般过去时(be用were)；与将来可能事实相反时还可用were to/should动词原形，主句用would/should/could/might动词原形；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/should/could/might have过去分词。