高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础选编（一）

贵州福泉市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编阅读理解训练 (2015长春市质量检测二)Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk.Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “mothers milk” genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.As an adult the cloned cow “will produce milk that is similar to humans” in what will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(婴儿)”， said the institute.“The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world that incorporates two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk，” said the statement.The Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene, while their research involved two，meaning the milk will more_closely_resemble that of humans.“Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of the infants.” said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute.Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud.”She also rejected that she had rejected the “honour” of having the cow named after her. “They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.”文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道，属记叙文体裁，介绍了阿根廷通过添加人类基因的方式培育出了“类人乳”牛。5Whats the passage mainly about?AThe importance of genetic engineering.BWays to improve “mothers milk”CA cloned cow to produce humanlike milk.DAdvanced agricultural technology in Argentina.答案：C主旨大意题。根据科技新闻报道的特点，在文章第一段就会出现文章主题句，即 Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk.即可得出正确结论，故选C。6Which of the following can be best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?Ahave more varieties thanBbe more similar to Chave more nutrition thanDbe more different from答案：B词义猜测题。第四段内容介绍了中国培育了加入一个人类基因的牛可以被认为 “humanlike”，那么阿根廷加入两个，足见是“更接近人乳”了，故选B。7What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchners statements?AShe was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.BShe considered it an honor to name the special cow.CShe felt it improper to be named after the cow.DShe refused to give a name to the cow out of selfrespect.答案：A推理判断题。女总统的话the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud” 说明A 正确。B中说她认为给牛命名是一种荣耀，并未提及。最后一段，只要明确name和name after区别即可。be named after her 是以她的名字命名，而be named after the cow是以牛的名字命名；显然C是错误的，而D中give a name to the cow是给牛起名的意思，故D不对。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of Americas greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way from jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style. While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics (评论家)were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirtynine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.61Many of Gershwins musical works were _Awritten about New Yorkers Bcomposed for Paul WhitemanCplayed mainly in the countryside Dperformed in various ways62What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?AIt attracted more people to theatres. BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra. DIt caused a debate among jazz musicians.63What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?AHe created one of his best works. BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics. DHe changed his music style.64What do we learn from the last paragraph?AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in memory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.65Which of the following best describes Gershwin?ATalented and productive. BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy. DFriendly and honest.【要点综述】 这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了美国著名作曲家乔治格什温的生平以及他在音乐方面的巨大贡献。61D考查细节理解。从第二段的“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.”可知，乔治格什温的音乐作品是以各种形式演唱或演奏的。故选D。62B考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，这个音乐会充分证明爵士音乐流行的同时，也可以庄重、严肃。63A考查细节理解。从第四段的第二句可知B项不正确；从第四段的“When it was first performed, critics were divided over the music.”可知，不是格什温与评论家争辩，故C项不正确；没有提到他音乐风格的改变，故D项不正确；从第四段的最后一句“It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知A项是正确的。64B考查推理判断。从最后一段的“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”可知，世界各地的报纸对格什温的去世进行了广泛的报道。故选B。65A考查推理判断。从全文看乔治格什温创作了很多的音乐，其演奏的形式多样化，并得到观众赞赏，这体现了他是一位很有才华，且多产的作曲家。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasnt being “replaced”. Wed been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everythingso most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what wed lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasnt my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other giftgiving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “Youll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. Theyd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me.56The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “_”A. fashionable B. availableC. practical D. renewable57When she got the ring back, the writer was about _A. 13 years old B. 15 years oldC. 26 years old D. 28 years old58Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe writers family moved several times.BThe writer never stopped looking for her ring.CThe writers ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.DThe writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.59What would be the best title for the passage?A. My New Ring B. Lost and FoundC. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通过描述自己小时候渴望得到一枚戒指，愿望得到满足后的快乐心情，以及不慎丢失后的沮丧心情和多年后失而复得的欣喜，表达了作者怀旧和敝帚自珍的生活态度。56A词义猜测题。根据后一句“every girl except me had one” 可知，每个女孩都有一枚有自己符号的戒指，说明这类戒指很流行。故答案选A。57D推理判断题。 根据原文我们得知，作者在13岁生日时得到那枚戒指，一个月后丢失，两年后卖掉房子，新房东买房13年之后换新地毯时重新找到戒指，即十五年之后，故答案为D。58A细节理解题。根据第三段末尾和第四段开头可知答案A正确。59B主旨大意题。只有B项才能概括全文大意。 本文主要讲述了戒指的失而复得。【重庆市名校联盟2014联合模拟】DJack Andraka from Maryland won the grand prize at the 2013 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. It is the largest high school science competition in the world.The Maryland teenager is the youngest winner of the $75,000 award，who was chosen from among 1,500 students in 70 countries.Jack Andraka invented a test for pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest forms of cancer. He started to learn it after losing a close family friend to the disease.“I went on the Internet and I found that 85 percent of all pancreatic cancers are diagnosed late, when someone has less than a 2% chance of survival,” he says, “ and I was thinking, Thats not right. We should be able to do something. ” He found that early discovery is important to increasing the chances of surviving the disease. The Maryland teenager requested and received permission to work in a laboratory at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. There he developed a simple paper test, which can identify the disease in a single drop of blood. His test has proven correct 90% of the time. It also is 100 times more sensitive than other tests. “It costs three cents per test, and then also it takes only five minutes to run.” he said. Jacks success wouldnt have been possible without Anirban Maitra, a professor at Johns Hopkins. He was the only person among the 200 researchers Jack contacted who showed interest in his project. “I was very surprised that this was a 15-year old boy who was writing this. I wanted to meet this clever young man and see what he wanted to talk about and so I called him over for an interview.” Jack worked in Professor Maitras laboratory, completing his project in seven months. The government has given the Maryland teenager patent rights to the pancreatic cancer test. He is now talking with companies about developing the test into a simple product. Whatever happens, the professor believes Jack Andrakas name is one we will be hearing again over the next 10 to 20 years.48. What made Jack Andraka research pancreatic cancer? _ A. A high school task B. A professors encouragement C. Losing a friend D. Doubts about the present test49. We can infer from the text that Jack Andraka _. A. left a deep impression on Professor Maitra. B. was thought highly of by companies. C. got support from others easily. D. wasnt afraid of failure.50. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests Jack Andraka will _. A. become rich B. make contributions continually C. get a good job D. make products to treat cancer51. Whats the best title for the test? _ A. Intel International Science and Engineering Fair B. Jack Andrakas fights against cancer C. Research on Pancreatic cancer D. Teenage cancer research 【参考答案】4851、CABD【重庆市名校联盟2014联合模拟】EAlthough man has known asbestos for many hundreds of years, it was not until 160 years ago that it was mined for the first time on the North American continent. H. W. Johns, owner of a New York City Supply Shop for roofers, was responsible for the opening of that first mine.Mr. Johns was given a piece of asbestos which had been found in Italy. He experimented with the material and then showed its surprising powers to his customers. After putting on a pair of asbestos gloves, which looked much like ordinary work gloves, he took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in his hands. How astonished the customers were to discover that he was not burned at all. You can well imagine that he had increasing business in asbestos roofing materials. However, because it was very expensive to transport them from Italy to the United States, Mr. Johns sent out a young scientist to seek a source nearer home. This young man found great vein(岩脉), in the province of Quebec in Canada.Ever since 1881 Quebec has led the world in the production of this unusual mineral, which is made up of magnesium, silicon, iron, and oxygen. When it is mined, the asbestos is heavy, just as you would expect a mineral to be. When it is separated, a strange thing happens; the rock breaks down into fine, soft, soapy fibers. Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into threads, but they have found thousands of uses of this fireproof material, of the so-called “cloth of stone”.52. Which title best expresses the main idea of this passage?A. Asbestos mined in Canada B. Fireproof matterC. A “wonder” mineral D. A new roofing material53. Johns proved his ability as a salesman by_.A. going into roofing business B. carrying asbestos from ItalyC. sending a trained scientist D. showing the use of asbestos gloves54. Which is the most important character of asbestos that the author wants to show us? A. It is like thread. B. It feels soapy.C. It burns easily. D. It is unusually heavy.55. The authors main purpose in writing this passage was to _.A. show the need for more scientists B. compare asbestos with other mineralsC. increase the sales of asbestos D. present facts about asbestos【参考答案】5255、CDAD