高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础编选（一）1

湖北黄梅县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础编选阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。I received a call today asking if I would be willing to bring food to a family in need. The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for several weeks. Of course, I responded with an immediate“Yes! ”. As I planned the meal in my head, I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food. I have done so countless times with a very open heart. But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. When my mother passed away, our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks. A woman from the church of our community stepped by each evening with some food. The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain. Later in my life, when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy with twins, women of the church again stepped in to help. They arranged babysitting for my two-year-old daughter, and brought lovely dinners to our house. Even when I was put in the hospital, my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room. How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired husband and young daughter! Food is all about comfort. It feeds our bodies, but it can also feed our souls. When you hear people talking about their favourite holidays, it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food. I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to prepare food for others. It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need. 【文章大意】作者的母亲过世的时候, 社区教堂中的女人给她带过食物; 作者怀孕的时候, 社区教堂中的女人也同样给她带过食物, 并帮她照顾她两岁的女儿。因此, 今天有人需要帮助的时候, 作者也非常愿意伸出援手。1. The author has given lots of food to others because. A. she is poor at cookingB. she is a church memberC. she is friendly to othersD. she has received others food【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. ”可知作者乐于赠送食物给别人是因为她自己也曾经受到别人的许多馈赠。2. We can learn from the first paragraph that the author. A. had to stay in bed for several weeksB. knew the family in need very wellC. was glad to be able to lend a handD. was tired of preparing food【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“Of course, I responded with an immediateYes! ”可以推断作者非常高兴能帮助别人。3. Which of the following is TRUE about the author? A. Her mother died when she was in hospital. B. She didnt get enough food during her pregnancy. C. She received food as well as comfort in her hard times. D. She thinks offering food is the best way to show love. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知作者在她自己有困难的时候接受过他人的食物与照顾。4. According to the passage, which of the following conclusions can we get? A. A good beginning makes a good ending. B. One good turn deserves another. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Every man has his faults. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。通过上下文可知, 作者在自己困难的时候接受过别人的帮助, 如今她也非常乐意帮助别人, 由此可得出这么一个结论: 善有善报。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类Strawberry (草莓) fields dotted with hunched-over workers picking and packaging, then pushing the delicate red fruit to waiting trucks it is a typical winter scene embedded in the patchwork of homes and farms that make up eastern Hillsborough County. That scene is changing, though, as the labor pool shrinks and technology comes knocking. Wish Farms owner Gary Wishnatzki and his engineer partner Bob Pitzer are banking on technology. As strawberry season wrapped up in February, their driverless strawberry-picking machine drove into the fields for some test runs. The results were impressive and enlightening（有启迪作用的）, Wishnatzki said. For some three years now, farmers have been forced to abandon millions of dollars worth of strawberries in fields, mostly in Hillsborough and Manatee counties, because they lacked laborers, industry experts say. The problem has been just as serious in California, Arizona and other farm communities. The reasons for the shrinking worker pool are numerous. Migrant（移民）workers who have picked the fields for years are aging. Young adults in migrant families already in the United States are getting better educations and have more choices these days, including the construction industry, which again is on the upswing. Stricter security is allowing fewer undocumented workers to cross the border from Mexico. And Mexicans are having much smaller families now just over two children per family, compared with 7.3 per family in 1960, according to a Pew Hispanic Center report released in 2012.And since Mexicos economy bounced back faster than that of the U.S., more Mexicans have been able to find work closer to home, according to the study.“We came up with a concept we perceive as a necessity,” Wishnatzki said. “The labor pool has been shrinking for over 10 years now. It has been pretty harmful.” So in 2012, he and Pitzer formed their partnership, Harvest CROO Robotics, to develop a mechanical picker. The Harvest CROO design has multiple picking heads that will move across a field, picking 25 acres over a three-day period, the typical time for picking fruit as it ripens. It has a “vision system” to distinguish between red and green strawberries and is able to get under the leaves to find and pick the ripe berries. Picking strawberries is nothing like using a combine on a corn field, coming through and thrashing down the plants. Strawberries are delicate and ripen in various intervals, which Harvest CROO is taking into account in developing its machine. A strawberry-picking machine will never completely replace the need for human labor in the fields, Wishnatzki said, but if the machines can supplement（补充）labor enough to keep the industry profitable, he and Pitzer will have met their goal.【小题1】Which of the following describes the typical winter scene of eastern Hillsborough County? AFarmers work hard on a corn field.BWorkers pick and package strawberries.CScientists test machines in strawberry fields.DFarmers operate strawberry-picking machines.【小题2】The mechanical picker is introduced due to _. Athe labor shortageBthe market demandCthe aging of the local populationDthe new concept of farming【小题3】Which of the following statements about Mexicans is true according to the passage? AMexicans like to find jobs far away from home.BThere are more Mexican laborers than needed in Arizona.CSecurity regulations now make it easier to employ Mexicans.DYoung people from migrant Mexican families now have access to more career choices.【小题4】 The “vision system” is designed to _. Atake picturesBlocate leavesCfind the ripe berriesDhelp the color-blind【小题5】The goal of developing the strawberry-picking machine is to _. Aget rid of human laborBhelp farmers make moneyCshow the power of robotsDcompete with the corn industry【2014高考英语湖北省汉阳市联考试题】C.400-year-old plants from the Little Ice Age were brought back to life, which could help us understand how the Earth will deal with climate change.Moss(藓类植物) found buried beneath the Teardrop glacier(冰川) on Ellesmere Island in Canada has been brought back to life. Findings suggest that these plants could help repopulate regions exposed by melting ice caps. Plants that were buried beneath thick ice in Canada more than 400 years ago and were thought to have frozen to death have been brought back to life by Canadian scientists.Samples of the moss plant, covered by the glacier during the Little Ice Age of 1550 to 1850 AD, were replanted in a lab at the University of Alberta and grew new stems(茎). Researchers now think these findings can give indication as to how regions can recover as the ice covering them melts.Biologist Dr. Catherine La Farge and her team at the University of Alberta were exploring the region around the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island. Ice on Ellesmere Island region has been melting at around four meters each year for the past nine years. This means that many areas of land that were previously covered by ice have since been exposed. Many ecosystems that were thought to have been destroyed during the Little Ice Age between 1550 and 1850 AD can now be studied, including many species that have never been studied before.While examining an exposed area of land, La Farge and her team discovered a small area of moss called Aulacomnium turgidum. It is a type of bryophyte(苔藓类植物) plant that mainly grows across Canada, the US and the Highlands of Scotland.Dr La Farge noticed that the moss had small patches of green stems, suggesting it is either growing again or can be encouraged to repopulate. Dr La Farge told the BBC, “When we looked at the samples in detail and brought them to the lab, I could see some of the stems actually had new growth of green branches, suggesting that these plants are growing again, and that blew my mind. When we think of thick areas of ice covering the landscape, weve always thought that plants have to come from refugia(濒绝生物保护区), never considering that land plants come from underneath a glacier. Its a whole world of whats coming out from underneath the glacier that really needs to be studied. The ice is disappearing pretty fast. We really have not examined all the biological systems that exist in the world; we dont know it all.”Dr La Farge took samples of the moss and, using carbon-dating techniques, discovered that the plants date back to the Little Ice Age. Dr La Farges team took the samples, planted them in dishes full of nutrient-rich potting soil and fed them with water.The samples were from four separate species including Aulacomnium turgidum, Distichium capillaceum, Encalypta procera and Syntrichia ruralis. The moss plants found by Dr La Farge are types of bryophytes. Bryophytes can survive long winters and regrow when the weather gets warmer.However, Dr La Farge was surprised that the plants buried under ice have survived into the twenty-first century. Her findings appear in proceedings（论文集）of the National Academy of Sciences.59. Dr La Farges research is of great importance to _.A. knowing what the plants during the Little Ice Age were likeB. understanding how ecosystems recover from glaciers.C. regrowing many species that have been destroyed before.D. figuring out the effects of melting ice caps on moss.60. The underlined part “blew my mind” in Paragraph 6 can best be replaced by “_”.A. surprised me B. greatly frightened me C. put my doubt out of my mind D. was exactly what I had in my mind61. According to the passage, Aulacomnium turgidum _.A. lives better in small groups B. is very active in hot weatherC. is strong enough to survive coldness D. is chosen from Canadian refugia62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Bryophyte ecology is greatly affected by climate change.B. 400-year-old mosss survival is a mystery to solve.C. Moss in ancient times was discovered in Canada.D. 400-year-old plants were brought back to life.【参考答案】59、 61-62 黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类The following are selected contributors notes for an essay collection.KATY BUTLER, a 2004 finalist for a National Magazine Award, has written for The New Yorker, the New York Times, Mother Jones, Salon, Tricycle, and other magazines. She was born in South Africa and raised in England, and came to the United States with her family at the age of eight. “Everything Is Holy,” her essay about nature worship, Buddhism (佛学), and ecology, was selected for Best Buddhist Writing 2006. In 2009 she won a literary award from the Elizabeth George Foundation. “What Broke My Fathers Heart” was named a “notable narrative” by the Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, won a first-place award from the Association of Health Care Journalists, and was named one of the 100 Best Magazine Articles of All Time. Butler has taught narrative nonfiction at Nieman Foundation conferences and memoir writing at Esalen Institute. Her current book project is Knocking on Heavens Door: A Journey Through Old Age and New Medicine to be published in 2013. VICTOR LAVALLE is the author of a collection of stories, Slapboxing with Jesus, and two novels, The Ecstatic and Big Machine, for which he won the Shirley Jackson Award, the American Book Award, and the Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence. He is a 2010 Guggenheim Award winner and an assistant professor at Columbia Universitys School of the Arts. About “Long Distance” he says: “This essay actually came about when I was asked to write about my life after having lost a great deal of weight. And yet, when I sat down to work, all I could do was return to that time when I was much heavier and deeply unhappy. Why? I sure didnt miss those days. And yet, I felt I couldnt write about my present without touching on that past. But, of course, I never reach the true present in the essay. Maybe I still dont know how to talk about a life with greater happiness. ” BRIDGET POTTER was born in Brompton-on-Swale, Yorkshire, and came to the United States as a teenager in 1958. She spent the first forty years of her career in television, beginning as a secretary, then as a producer and an executive, including fifteen years as senior vice president of original programming at HBO. In 2007 she earned a BA in cultural anthropology from Columbia University. This year she will complete an MFA in nonfiction, also from Columbia, where she has been an instructor in the University Writing Program. She is currently working on her first book, a memoir / social history of the 1960s, from which her essay “Lucky Girl” is adapted. PATRICIA SMITH is the author of five books of poetry, including Blood Dazzler, chronicling the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina, which was a finalist for the 2008 National Book Award, and Teahouse of the Almighty, a National Poetry Series selection. Her work has appeared in Poetry, The Paris Review, TriQuarterly, and The Best American Poetry 2011. She is a Pushcart Prize winner and a four-time individual champion of the National Poetry Slam, the most successful poet in the competitions history. RESHMA MEMON YAQUB wouldnt even be fit to write a grocery list were it not for her guardian editors. Her stories owe many glorious plot twists to Zain, eleven, and Zach, seven. Ditto their dad (Amer) and grandparents (Ali, Razia, Muhammad, Nasreen). Costars: Sophie, Sana, Yousef, and Maryam. Miss Yaqub lives in Bethesda, Maryland. Her next project is an investigation into the whereabouts (行踪) of two missing people: Mr. Right and Ms. Memoir Literary Agent.【小题1】 Which of the following won the Shirley Jackson Award? ABest Buddhist Writing 2006.BTeahouse of the Almighty.CMother Jones.DBig Machine.【小题2】 What is “Long Distance” mainly about? AThe true happiness in the writers present life.BNature worship, Buddhism and ecology.CThe whereabouts of two missing people.DThe authors past life experience.【小题3】 When did the author of “Lucky Girl” come to the United States? AIn 1958.BIn 2007.CIn 2010. DIn 2013.【小题4】Who is the most successful poet in the competitions history? ABRIDGET POTTER.BKATY BUTLER.CPATRICIA SMITH.DVICTOR LAVALLE.