资源描述
福建永春县2017高考英语完形和阅读一轮编练【由浙江省金华十校2014高考英语模拟试题改编】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将选项标号涂黑。 How far would you walk to learn about something that interested you? When he was young, Jacob Lawrence often walked more than sixty 1 from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of ArtJacob wanted to be a（n） 2 ，and he believed that studying the famous paintings 3 in that museum would help himIt was 1930,when many people were out of work, money was 4 and people suffered a lotStill the streets were 5 with energy and colorAs he walked through Harlem, Jacob looked hard at the people, the churches, and barbershops and so onHe 6 those images in his mind, along with the images of paintings he saw in the 7 Jacob came from a poor familyHis mother believed there was little chance 8 her son could grow up to be a successful painterShe wanted him to aim for something more 9 But Jacobs teacher, Alston, in an art program saw that he was talentedAlston 10 him how to use paints to make stage setsAs time passed, Alston let Jacob rent work space in his own studio That was an exciting place for a young black man 11 to become an artistMany creative people 12 there to talk about art, literature and historyFrom their 13 ,Jacob learned that history books often 14 the accomplishments of African AmericansHe decided to paint a sel1es of pictures describing the story of a black heroHe 15 Toussaint, who had helped free his people 16 French rulingMany people admired Jacobs pictures, but he needed 17 admirationTo help his family, he often had to work at jobs that 18 him away from paintingThen something encouraging happenedAn artist named Augusta got Jacob a jobFor eighteen months, Jacob was given a 19 to paint pictures For the first time, he felt like a 20 artist1A stepsB blocksC buildingsD avenues2A artistB tutorC scholarD official3A swingingB existingC hangingD twisting4A blankB looseC toughD tight5A linedB decoratedC associatedD filled6A storedB receivedC createdD remembered7A museumB studioC churchD street8A whetherB whichC thatD when9A preciousB practicalC standardD flexible10A recommendedB remindedC providedD showed11A hesitatingB strugglingC marchingD participating12A settledB wanderedC gatheredD rushed13A experiencesB performancesC accentsD conversations14A acknowledgedB accusedC ignoredD witnessed15A choseB acceptedC countedD employed16A againstB fromC forD with17A more thanB rather thanC other thanDless than18A brokeB gaveC permittedD took19A awardB titleC salaryD prize20A permanentB popularC positiveD professional【参考答案】120、BACDD AACBD BCDCA BADCD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviour patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts (本能). Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviourists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviourist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviourists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behaviour. Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviourists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.1 This passage is mainly concerned with _. A. relation between personality and behaviour B. relation between behaviour and environment C. different accounts of patterns of human behaviour D. different theories of the formation of human personality and behaviour.2 The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means _. A. teachers B. advisorsC. advocatesD. judges3 Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To call our attention to the changes of human behaviour. B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science. C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behaviour. D. To present an argument in the field of social science.参考答案13、DCD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safetyBut there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the stormThese people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-Kilometer- an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up “Storm chasing (追逐)”is becoming an increasingly popular hobby，especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and JulyA storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to l,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop Although anyone can do it，storm chasing is extremely dangerousThe power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in secondsStorm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rainIf you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm - chasing vacations during the storm season Even then，storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement“Storm chasing is 95driving，”says Daniel Lynch，who spends most of his summer storm-chasing“Sometimes youCan sit around for hours waiting for something to happen，and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.” However，for storm chasers，it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm，it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life，”says Jasper Morley“Every storm is an example of the power of natureIt is the greatest show on Earth”1For storm chasing，the first thing storm chasers do is to Ahead straight for the center of the storm Bget into the car for safetyCwait patiently for the storm to develop Dcollect information about a coming storm 2Beginners of storm chasing are advised Anot to drive in a heavy rain Bto do it in an organized way Cnot to get too close to a storm Dto spend more time on it in summer3By saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph，the author means that Astorm chasing costs a lot of money Bstorm chasing is worth hours of waiting Cefforts in storm chasing are well paid Da storm presents the greatest show on Earth4What can we learn from the text? ASometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment BMany storm chasers get killed in the storms CStorm chasing is becoming popular around the world DStorm chasing is only fit for young people参考答案、DBCA 2016高考英语阅读理解（人物传记、故事类）【2016全国新课标I】C I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job, youre consciously aware than that box youre got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17A provider B delivery man C collector D medical doctor30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatverymuch.D.Theicewontlastanylonger.31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A.ToLondonB.ToNewarkC.ToProvidenceD.ToWashington【答案】29-31.B D.B【技巧点拨】词义猜测题的答题技巧。1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测2.根据同位关系进行猜测3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。在本文中要根据上下文对作者工作的描写来推测出正确的词义。30. D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。31.B细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。考点：故事类短文阅读2016高考英语阅读理解（人物传记、故事类）【2016全国新课标II】B Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:”Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.” A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ”But Im just not creative.” “Do you dream at night when youre asleep?” “Oh, sure.” “So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “Thats pretty creative. Who does that for you?” “Nobody. I do it.” “Really-at night, when youre asleep?” “Sure.” “Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _?A. know more about the students B. make the lessons more exciting C. raise the students interest in art D. teach the students about toy design6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. He liked to help his teacher. B. He preferred to study alone. C. He was active in class. D. He was imaginative.7. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden.8. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams? A. To help them to see their creativity. B. To find out about their sleeping habits. C. To help them to improve their memory. D. To find out about their ways of thinking.【答案】5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 7.B 词义猜测题。根据划线单词后一句“I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.”可知我冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险。说明我的这种教育方法也有不足之处。故划线词意为“drawback缺点”。故B正确。8.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后七段中的对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的、有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们发现自己的创造性和想象力。故A正确。 除此之外，我们还可以根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号(；)也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。 还可以根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。例如BiggestpowerfailureinthecityshistoryAllofouricecreamandfrozenfoodsmelted 根据因果关系，停电只能导致冰淇淋和冷冻食品“融化”，也就是melted。考点：考查记叙文阅读
展开阅读全文