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Unit 4 Global warming.单词拼写1The drug is effective but has a _(倾向)to cause headaches.2There was_(普遍的)support for the war.3Many experts_(提倡)rewarding your child for good behaviour.4The_(平均的)cost of making a movie has risen by 15%.5On _of(代表一方)everyone here，may I wish you a very happy retirement.6Prisoners can only leave their cells under certain_(情况)7He_(使振作)himself with a glass of iced tea.8The fire was caused by an_(与电有关的)fault.9Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his_(贡献)to Quantum Theory.10Weve had a few_(分歧)，but were still good friends.单项填空1.We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great _to human beings and society will never be forgotten.AadvanceBprogressCcontributionsDachievement2Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _you enjoyed yourselves.Aas long asBunlessCas soon asDthough3_you eat the correct foods _be able to keep fit and stay healthy.AOnly if；will youBOnly if；you willCUnless；will youDUnless；you will4This play，_，is very wonderful for there are many interesting characters in it.Aout of the questionBon the wholeCin doubtDon condition that5The _ runner can run two miles in fifteen minutes.AcommonBaverageCusualDgeneral6He often beat his wife. At last，she couldnt _him and left home.Aput upBput up withCcatch up withDcome up with7I am _the government as well as to the general public for just treatment _peasant workers, who have made great contribution to the improvement of city life.Aasking；on behalf ofBapplying；in the name ofCdemanding；in the name ofDappealing to；on behalf of8We cant judge what he really meant by doing so until we know all the_AcircumstancesBguessCmemoryDjudgment9It is still in question _a can of coke could stop thirst but _no doubt that it can make one_Aif；there is；refreshedBwhether；it is；refreshCthat；there is；refreshDwhether；there is；refreshed10There is an increasing_ for people to go to work by bike instead of by car.AconsequenceBtendencyCcircumstanceDexistence.阅读理解AAlthough our reliance on fossil fuels(化石燃料) has created global warming, we now have the opportunity to begin a transformation towards a clean energy economyone that is supported by highly efficient industries, fueled by clean, renewable resources, like wind, solar and geothermal (地热的) energy, and based on modern smart transportation planning.A clean energy economy is a win for American jobs. Studies by leading research institutions have shown that if we invest in clean energy over fossil fuels, we will create more American jobs. A report released by the United Steelworkers and the Sierra Club, for example, found that thanks to the growth of wind energy, about 5，200 manufacturing jobs could be created in Iowa alone over the next decade. Additional studies have found that thousands more jobs could be created in other states that have suffered industry job losses and that welcome the opportunity to train workers for the new energy economy.But, in order to fully transit to a clean energy economy，we need our elected officials to take action. Without policies from the government, the private field may continue to invest in oldfashioned, polluting technologies. More than 70 coal plants without technology to capture carbon pollution are now being considered. If these projects go ahead, this will be billions of dollars invested in technology that is outdated and not “clean coal”. We need effective policies to push growing clean energy industries forward.Each of us can play a role in bringing about this muchneeded transition. Tell your business and elected leaders that the next generation deserves to grow up in a world powered by clean energy. Tell your mayor that you want city planning that encourages more efficient new buildings and sidewalks and bike paths that make it easy to walk or ride a bike. Tell your state and national officials to invest in energy grids (电力网) that can deliver renewable energy to everyone. Tell your company that instead of oldstyle coal power you want to buy solar, wind, or geothermal energy. Tell your elected officials that you want national policies that encourage investors to make longterm commitments to clean energy.1The underlined part “a transformation” in Paragraph 1 refers to “_”Aa change from fossil fuels to clean energyBa choice for fossil fuelsCa chance of developing modern industriesDa choice for global warming2According to Paragraph 2, a clean energy economy_Ahas helped develop more wind energyBis quite beneficial to ordinary peopleChas developed fast in most states of the USDis valued by the governments around the world3Which of the following is a major concern to the government according to the passage?AInvestments in clean energy.BCoal plants without advanced technology.CTechnology for capturing carbon pollution.DPolicies on the good use of clean energy.4What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AEveryone can contribute to the clean energy.BCitizens have the right to talk to the mayor.CElected leaders should be responsible for the next generation.DMore investments should be put into energy grids.5If this passage is taken from a newspaper, in which part would you most probably find it?ACulture.BSociety.CEconomy.DNature.BBeijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951.Britain is suffering through its longest cold snap(寒潮)since 1981.And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South，including Floridas orange groves and beaches.Whatever happened to global warming?Such weather doesnt seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesnt contradict global warming at allits just a temporary phenomenon in the longterm heating trend.“Its part of natural variability，”said Gerald Meehl，a senior scientist. With global warming，he said，“well still have record cold temperatures. Well just have fewer of them.”Scientists say manmade climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more severe weather extremes. But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.So what is going on?“We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern Hemisphere”，Arndt said.In the atmosphere，large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic and the tropics. This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted. But recently，this air flow has become bent into a zigzag(之字形)pattern，wandering north and south. If you live in a place where it brings air up from the south，you get warm weather. In fact，record highs were reported this week in Washington state and Alaska.But in the eastern United States，like some other unlucky parts of the globe，Arctic air is coming from the north. And thats how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing，a reading of minus42 in mainland Norway，and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain. The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time，but it is not clear why its so strong right now.6What is the BEST title of the text?AFreezing weather is hitting the Deep SouthBWell still have record cold temperaturesCThe air flow has become a zigzag patternDCold snap doesnt contradict global warming7With global warming，we will_Aalso meet with severe cold snapBhave more hot temperatures foreverCnever experience cold temperaturesDhave more cold temperatures8According to experts，the current cold snap _Asuggests that the climate has changed greatlyBis not related to the climate changeCshows that the climate will turn coldDis affected by global warming9Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951 because of _Aa fence from the ArcticBa cooling trend in climateCa big outbreak of Arctic airDits large population10We can conclude that_Anot all the parts of the Northern Hemisphere are cold in face of the cold snapBthe zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentallyCBeijing will get cold weather next yearDWashington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year.翻译句子1我想火车是正午开，你最好坐出租车去，否则可能会误车的。(if not)2如果你这样做，那将会有影响 。(difference)3我们只好忍受不便了。(put)4我代表这里所有的人，祝你退休后生活幸福。(behalf)5你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。(circumstance)参考答案.1.tendency2.widespread3.advocate4.average5.behalf6.circumstances7.refreshed8.electrical9.contribution10.disagreements.1.C句意：我们随处可见纪念碑。那些为人类和社会作出巨大贡献的人将永远不会被忘记。achievement指“(个人取得的)成就”；progress“进步”；advance“前进；提升”。make contributions to“为作出贡献”，符合语境。2A考查连词辨析。句意：我们度假花了很多钱。是吗？嗯，只要你们玩得开心，那(花很多钱)也没什么关系。as long as只要，符合句意。unless除非；as soon as一就；though虽然。3A句意：只有正确饮食，你才能保持身体健康。从句意可知，unless不符合句意；若选D的话，应当在you will后加上not。only if表条件，意为“只有”，当only if置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，故选A。4B句意：大体上， 这个戏剧是很棒的，因为里面有很多有趣的角色。out of the question“不可能”；on the whole“总的来说”；in doubt“怀疑”；on condition that“条件是”。5B句意：普通的跑步者能在15分钟内跑两英里。common常见的，时常发生的，不足为奇的；average平均的，普通的；usual通常的，惯常的；general大体上。6B句意：他经常打他妻子。最后，她不能忍受他而离开了家。put up建立；put up with容忍，忍受；catch up with赶上；come up with 提出。根据句意应选B项。7Don behalf of代表；in the name of以的名义；appeal to呼吁。句意：我代表农民工呼吁大众和政府要公平地对待他们；他们对我们城市生活的提高已做出了巨大的贡献。8A句意：我们只有了解了全部情况后，才能对他这样做的真实意图做出判断。这里考查circumstance，常用复数形式，意为“情况”，符合句意。guess“猜”；memory“记忆”；judgment“判断”，都不符合句意。9D句意：到底一罐可乐是否能解渴还无定论，但是有一点是确定的，那就是它确实能叫人提神。第一空考查的是whether引导的同位语从句，if不能引导同位语从句；第二空考查的是常用句式There is no doubt that.；第三空考查的是make的用法(make sb.adj.)和refresh的意义的结合，refresh是及物动词，此处用过去分词形式的形容词表示人感到清爽的。10B句意：人们骑自行车而不是开车去上班趋势有所增加。 tendency趋势，符合句意。consequence后果；circumstance环境，情况；existence存在。.1.A词义猜测题。前面指化石燃料，后面提到用干净的能源，两者之间是一种改变，故答案为A。2B推理判断题。根据第二段.if we invest in clean energy over fossil fuels，we will create more American jobs可推断，它能够增加就业机会，对普通人很有好处，故答案为B。3D细节理解题。根据第三段Without policies from the government.和We need effective policies to push growing clean energy industries froward可知，答案为D。4A主旨大意题。第四段首句Each of us can play a role in bringing about this muchneeded transition提出了论点，下文为具体措施，故答案为A。5C推理判断题。本文的话题是清洁能源经济，是关于经济发展的，故答案为C。【语篇解读】科学家早就向世人警告，全球正在变暖，然而最近世界上出现了大面积的降雪、寒潮又是怎么回事？文章就此内容进行解释。6D标题概括题。文章的开头提出了矛盾，但是接下来进行了一些解释。根据文章，我们可以看出，寒潮与全球变暖并不矛盾。7A细节理解题。根据第三段中的倒数第二句话“With global warming，he said，well still have record cold temperatures”可知答案。8B推理判断题。依据第四段中的最后一句话“But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.”可知答案。9C细节理解题。依据文章最后一段的第一、二句话“But in the eastern United States，like some other unlucky parts of the globe，Arctic air is coming from the north. And thats how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing.”可知答案。10A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知答案。.1.I think the train leaves at midday. Youd better take a taxi. If not，maybe youll miss it.2If you do so，it will make a difference3.We had to put up with the inconvenience.4.On behalf of everyone here，may I wish you a very happy retirement.5.Under/In no circumstance should you lend him any money.
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