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Unit One Cultural relicsPeriod Three Grammar 教学目标：1. 复习定语从句的基础知识； 2. 区分关系代词和关系副词，并掌握关系副词引导定语从句的用法； 3. 掌握非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别教学内容 一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句，顾名思义，是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或事、物。例如：1) A man who doesnt want to learn from others cant achieve much 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。A man 被限定后，指一类特定的人。限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。例如：2) Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam，which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。本句若去掉定语从句，主句部分的含义仍然完整。历年的高考题中，非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一，因此值得我们注意。二、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可指代前面整个句子。例如： That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。句子中的which指代“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这件事。三、除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。例如：After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life毕业后我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II， when Jews were badly treated in Germany 第二次世界大战期间，爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国，那时犹太人在德国受到极大的歧视。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。四、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。试比较：The American journalist (whom who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters 播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother， whom he loved and respected as his own mother他急于想去医院看望他的继母，他像对亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬她。课堂检测1. She heard the terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth Ait Bwhich Cthis Dthat2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course made the others unhappy Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat3. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect A. what B. which C. that D. it4. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，_ was very reasonable A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose5. The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital，_ she spent her19th birthdayA. that B. which C. whereD. and用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1This is the moment _ Spielbergs career really took off. 2What was the reason _ he studied law?31958 is the year _ Spielberg made his first real film.4He read the book about _ his brother had told him.5Tell me the reason _ you were late this time.6The painting at _ I looked was painted by Vincent Van Gogh. 7The gun with _ he was shot was never found.8I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.9At the time _ I saw him, he was well. 10. Some of the roads were flooded, made our journey more difficult.11. He has smoothly entered a key middle school, makes his parents very happy. 12. Mr King, legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.13. He made the same mistakes again, _ made his parents very angry.14. Mr Smith, _ gave a talk several months ago, will come again.15. My uncle has come back from abroad, _ I havent met for a long time.as, which引导的非限制性定语从句as, which 引导非限定性定语从句时，as和which都能指代整个主句所表达的内容, 且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。as引导的非限定性定语从句可放在句首、句中或句末, 意为“正如、恰如”。As we know, Taiwan belongs to China.Taiwan, as we know, belongs to China.Taiwan belongs to China, as we know.as是关系代词, 作know的宾语,代替主句Taiwan belongs to China。which 引导的非限定性定语从句，只能放在主句之后。 Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.as引导限制性定语从句, 构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，as在定语从句中应充当主语、宾语或表语。课堂检测请从as, that, which中挑选合适的词填入横线上。1. It is such a big stone nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone nobody can lift it.3. It is so difficult a question no one can answer it.4. It is so difficult a question no one can answer.5. He bought the same book I bought yesterday.6. He found the same book I lost yesterday.7. The weather turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect.8. The weather turned out to be very good, was expected.9. I have got into the same trouble he (has).10. Its as pleasant a film I have ever seen. 11. is known to all, he is the best student.12. Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office. 13. I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. 14. He is such a good teacher we all like.15. He is such a good teacher we all like him.16. He is so good a teacher we all like him.17. He is such a good teacher we all know.18. He is a good teacher, makes us respect him. 19. He is as good a teacher we all like. 20. A container weighs more after air is put in, proves that air has weight.
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