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Module 6 Why Do We Need Dictionaries (满分：120分；时间：100分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2016石家庄市高三年级调研检测)During the two and a half years since I settled down in Germany，Ive caught a cold several times and gotten to experience how different German cold remedies (疗法) are from the Chinese ones.Back in Taiwan，whenever I had a streaming nose and a dry throat，Id rush to the hospital to get prescribed medicine.For a fever，I would receive a red pill，which I now know is a type of antibiotic(抗生素)Another thing I know now is that the criminal behind my cold is a virus.The drugs I used only relieved the symptoms.When I went to a German hospital intending to get some medicine to treat my cold，I got nothing more than a pat on my shoulder and words from the doctor，saying that I should get some really good rest.The first time this happened，I was shocked.I wondered how I could put up with my sickness without the help of medicine.But the longer I stayed in Germany，the better I knew how to selfmedicate as other Germans do.I learned to take vitamin C to build up my resistance.But what I like the most is drinking “Erkltungstee”For German people，Erkltungstee is what their grandmother gives them when they catch a cold.Its a tea bag mainly made of lime flower and orange rind.Another popular cold remedy in Germany is chicken soup.During my first winter in Germany，I got a really bad cold.My neighbor brought me a bowl of chicken soup to make me feel better.It contained a lot of ginger，onion，garlic，carrots and celery.Germans believe these ingredients are perfect for helping your body recover.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在德国如何应对感冒的故事。1How did the author feel after seeing the German doctor?ARelieved.BSurprised.CSatisfied.DStressed.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first time this happened，I was shocked”可知，作者第一次在德国看医生时，医生的应对方式让他很震惊。【答案】B2According to the author，what effect do antibiotics have on his cold?AThey cure his cold.BThey prevent the disease.CThey kill the virus in him.DThey make him feel better.【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“The drugs I used only relieved the symptoms”可推知，作者之前生病时所吃的抗生素只是缓解了感冒的症状，让自己感觉好一些而已。【答案】D3What do Germans think of “Erkltungstee”？AIt can replace any cold remedy.BIt can build up ones resistance.CIts a good way to selfmedicate.DIts better than chicken soup.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“But the longer I stayed in Germany，the better I knew how to selfmedicate as other Germans do”并结合最后一段所列举的Erkltungstee的例子可知，它是一种自我疗法。【答案】C4What can we infer from the text?AGermans tend not to use antibiotics to treat cold.BThe author often catches a cold in Taiwan.CThe author seldom drinks chicken soup.DGerman doctors are cold to patients.【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段和最后一段的整体内容可知，德国人感冒后医生是不给开药的，而且德国人有自我疗法。由此可推知，德国人不会感冒了就去吃抗生素。【答案】AB(2016山东省实验中学高三第三次诊断考试) Kenji Croman has broken his bones，his shoulder and elbow, and nearly drowned several times.Hes also had three close encounters with sharks over the years.A 10foot wave landed directly on top of him five years ago, bending his body to the point that he actually kicked himself in the head.“I literally heard every bone in my body crack.” he said.Croman has been photographing ocean waves since 2008, sometimes risking his life to get that perfect shot at the surf break.Despite the risks and certain injuries that come with wave photography, the Hawaii resident, body surfer and former competitive swimmer，wouldnt do anything else.The 36yearold photographer loves the thrill of meeting breaking waves head on, shooting waves as his interest and shooting surfers to pay the bills.The process of photographing waves requires more than just swimming out to where the surf breaks and waiting, he says.The night before a photo shoot Croman checks Surfline.com，a website and the coastal camera network that provides live and predicted ocean weather information, to see what the winds, waves and tide will be like at certain times.Croman has both a primary camera and a backup for emergencies.He goes without a wetsuit and uses heavy duty underwater housing to protect his camera.There is no great way for him to protect himself.He admits there are probably protective clothes he should be wearing, but there is little he could have done to decrease the impact of the 10foot wave that crashed on top of him.The hardest part of Cromans job is staying calm in the face of breaking waves when his initial reaction is to panic and swim away.At most, Croman will take two to three shots of a single wave.“Ive shot waves for so many years now that I see the wave in slow movement，” he said.【语篇解读】这是一篇写人的记叙文。曾是游泳队员，身体冲浪的夏威夷居民Kenji Croman现在的职业是海浪摄影师。这是一份需要莫大勇气却又充满冒险和刺激的工作。巨浪的拍打使他的身体多个部位骨折，还多次险遭鲨鱼的袭击，然而Kenji Croman却乐此不疲。5What do we know about Kenji Cromans job from the first paragraph?AIt is a game of death.BIt is full of mysteries.CIt requires patience.DIt calls for courage.【解析】推理判断题。由第一段的描述可知，在Kenji Croman的摄影生涯中，他多次面临生命危险，身体遭受极大痛苦，但他没有因此而放弃自己的工作。由此可见这是一份要求从业者具备莫大的勇气的工作。【答案】D6How does Kenji Croman make a living?ABy taking swimming races.BBy teaching photography.CBy shooting surfers.DBy surfing waves.【解析】事实细节题。由“.shooting waves as his interest and shooting surfers to pay the bills.”可知答案为C。【答案】C7Why does Kenji Croman check the websites like Surfline.com?ATo get better prepared for shooting.BTo predict something about weather.CTo learn more about surfing waves.DTo buy better equipment for safety.【解析】推理判断题。根据“.that provides live and predicted ocean weather information, to see what the winds, waves and tide will be like.”可知，Kenji Croman每次出海前都要了解一下海上天气状况，其目的是为顺利摄影做好充分的准备，以应对突发情况。故正确答案为A。【答案】A8What would be the best title of the text?ATaking adventures around the oceanBRisking his life for the perfect waveCMaking preparations for life risksDAppreciating breaking waves in danger【解析】标题归纳题。这篇短文的主题就是赞扬Kenji Croman为拍摄好的作品而不惜冒险的行为，因此最佳答案为B。【答案】BC(2016山东省济宁市第一中学高三二模)Noah Webster, born on October 16, 1758, is known for The American Dictionary of the English Language.He has been called the“Father of American Scholarship and Education.”His“BlueBacked Speller”books were used to teach spelling and reading to five generations of American children.But how much do you know about him beyond that?At the age of 16, Noah Webster began attending Yale College.Unfortunately, he spent his four years at Yale during the American Revolutionary War, and, because of food shortages, many of his college classes were held in Glastonbury, Connecticut. Later, he served in the army.Having graduated from Yale in 1778, Webster wanted to continue his education in order to earn his law degree.He had to teach school in order to pay for his education.He set up many small schools that didnt survive, but he was a good teacher because instead of forcing his students to learn, like what most teachers did, he rewarded them.He earned his law degree in 1781, but did not practice law until 1789.Once he started he found the law was not to his liking.Webster did not have much money.In 1793, Alexander Hamilton lent him $1,500 to move to New York City to edit a newspaper.In December, he founded New Yorks first daily newspaper，American Minerva，and edited it for four years.For decades, he published textbooks, political essays, a report on some diseases, and newspaper articles for his party.He wrote so much that a modern list of his published works required 655 pages.Noah Webster died on May 28, 1843 and was buried in the Grove Street Cemetery.【语篇解读】这是一篇写人记叙文。介绍了美国著名词典编纂者被誉为“美国学术和教育之父”厄诺韦伯斯特的一些鲜为人知的人生经历。9Which of the following best describes Websters life at Yale?ATough.BSmooth.CNormal.DTiring.【解析】推理判断题。第二段中讲到，厄诺韦伯斯特在耶鲁大学四年赶上美国独立战争，食物缺乏。由此可知，他当时的耶鲁的生活是非常艰难的。故答案为A。【答案】A10. What did Noah want to be after graduation from Yale?AA teacher.BA lawyer.CA headmaster.DA scholar.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Having graduated from Yale in 1778, Webster wanted to continue his education in order to earn his law degree.”得知韦伯斯特从耶鲁大学毕业后，为了获得律师学位想继续学习。因此答案为B。【答案】B11What can we infer from Paragraph 4?AWebster was a most productive author.BWebster led a miserable life in New York City.CWebsters books added up to 655 pages.DWebster didnt write any political works.【解析】推理判断题。由第四段“For decades, he published textbooks, political essays, a report on some diseases, and newspaper articles for his party.He wrote so much that a modern list of his published works required 655 pages.”可知韦伯斯特出版过课本、政治论文、关于疾病的报道、报纸上刊登文章。这都表明韦伯斯特是一位多产的作者。故选A。 【答案】AD(2016北京高考)Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of todays students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control；guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades，however，continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media，have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility，college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually (在思维方面) and personally.While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.Because a college community (群体) differs from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults：the response to being controlled by their elders.If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined (规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency.What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.Every college discussion about community values，social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and selfregulation，of the necessary tension between safety and selfdiscovery.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。大学生走出了家门，还没有进入社会，因此他们的大学时期应该是从受家庭庇护到拥有自主性和承担起成年人的职责的一个过渡时期。但是随着手机等社交传媒的应用，大学生依旧受到家庭的管制和庇护。作者针对这一问题发表了自己的看法，探讨了校方应该如何处理。12Whats the authors attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?ASympathetic.BDisapproving.CSupportive.DNeutral.【解析】推理判断题。第一段中作者提到大学期间应该让学生培养自主性，让他们向成年人的身份转变，但是如今的大学生没有肩负起成年人的职责；第二段中作者分析了原因，指出这是因为家长在孩子读大学之后还通过手机、邮件等方式帮助上大学的子女，结果，大学就成了与家庭一样的环境。由此可推知，作者对于这种现象是不赞成的，故选B项。【答案】B13The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means _.AchangeBchoiceCtextDextension【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子的前后语境可知，此处指把大学阶段作为从受到家庭的庇护到拥有自主性和担负起成年人职责的“转变”，故选A项change。【答案】A14According to the author，what role should college play?ATo develop a shared identity among students.BTo define and regulate students social behavior.CTo provide a safe world without tension for students.DTo foster students intellectual and personal development.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，大学教育应该尝试新的方法培养学生在思维方面和个性方面的发展，故D项正确。由第四段内容可知，学生如果依靠管理方来规范他们的社交行为和思维模式，就不能面对在一个更大和复杂的社交环境中寻找自己的身份带来的挑战，故排除A项(应该是鼓励他们finding an identity)；由第五段内容可知，大学监管和塑造学生的行为表现会引起学生的反感，故排除B项；最后一段说，大学在社会价值、风尚和行为规范方面的讨论应该包括对学生自治和自我规范的发展的重要性的认识、对安全和自我发现之间必要的紧张关系的认识，故排除C项。【答案】D15Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I：IntroductionP：PointSp：Subpoint(次要点)C：Conclusion【解析】文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段起到以目前大学教育现状导入的作用，第三段是第一个主要点(大学教育应该尝试新的方法培养学生在思维方面和个性方面的发展)，第四段是第二个主要点(培养学生的社会实践能力)，第五、六段是第二个主要点的次要点，第七段是结论(大学探讨应该包括意识到培养学生自主性、自我规范等方面的重要性)。【答案】C.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2016山东省潍坊市重点中学高三12月阶段性教学质量检测)A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.16Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.17After a while, it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.18That means harmful material may get into our food supply.19Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctly.Plastic recycling programs also workwhere old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products.We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to, rather than end it after the first use.We could, when we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.20And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.AThen, fish may eat the plastics.BIt asks for them to better measure and direct plastic use.CThe plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.DThe report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.EPlastics should be gathered together and reused.FBut people can make a big difference.GIt is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.【答案】1620DCAFB.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)A man and his girlfriend were married.All of their friends and family came to partake in the festivities and celebrations.In the ceremony, everyone could tell the couples_21_for each other was true.A few months later, the wife came to the husband with a_22_， “I read in a magazine, a while ago, about how we can_23_our marriage，” she offered.“Each of us will write a list of the things that we find a bit_24_with the other person.Then, we can talk about how we can fix them together and make our lives_25_.”The husband_26_.So each of them went to a_27_room and thought of the things that annoyed them about the other.Then they thought about this question and wrote down what they_28_.The next morning, they decided that they would_29_their lists.“Ill start，” offered the wife.She took out her list.It had many items on it，_30_to fill 3 pages.In fact, as she started reading the list of the little annoyances, she noticed that_31_was starting to appear on her husbands face.“Whats wrong？” she asked.“Nothing，” the husband replied，“_32_ reading your list.”The wife continued to read_33_she had read all three pages to her husband.“Now, you read your list and then well talk about the things on both of our lists，” she said_34_.Quietly the husband stated, “I dont have anything on my list.I think that you are_35_the way that you are.You are lovely and wonderful and I wouldnt want to try and_36_anything about you.”The wife, _37_by his honesty and the depth of his love for her and his _38_of her, turned her head and wept.In life, there are enough times when we are disappointed，_39_and annoyed.We dont really have to go looking for them.We have a wonderful world that is full of beauty, light and promise.Why_40_time looking for the bad, disappointing or annoying when we can see the wonderful things before us.【语篇解读】生活中总是有许多令人失望、沮丧和烦恼的时候，但当我们的生活很美好时，为什么要浪费时间去自寻烦恼呢？21A.honestyBinformationCloveDmarriage【解析】根据下文内容可知，此处表示“每个人都能看出他们对彼此的爱是真诚的”。【答案】C22A.questionBproposalCproblemDdoubt【解析】本空后面的部分是妻子给丈夫提议的内容，因此答案选B，proposal意为“提议，建议”。【答案】B23A.completeBimproveCdestroyDstrengthen【解析】结合下文可知，妻子在杂志上读到的是关于如何巩固婚姻的文章，故答案选D，strengthen意为“加强，巩固”。【答案】D24A.annoyingBrelaxingCdelightingDamusing【解析】依据语境，在一张纸上写的内容应该是对方使自己不愉快的事，故答案选A，annoying意为“恼人的，使人烦恼的”。下文“that annoyed them about the other”也有提示。【答案】A25A.happierBfartherClongerDricher【解析】商量解决问题的目的当然是使生活更幸福，因此答案选happier。【答案】A26A.confusedBworriedCrefusedDagreed【解析】由“So each of them went to a_27_room and thought of the things that annoyed them about the other”可知，丈夫同意了妻子的提议。【答案】D27A.comfortableBseparateCsmallDquiet【解析】根据语境推断，此处指夫妻俩各自走向不同的房间去想对方的缺点。【答案】B28A.fit in withBlooked up toCcame up withDfaced up to【解析】接着他们都在思考这个问题，并且把他们想到的都写下来。fit in with“适合，与一致”；look up to“尊敬，尊重”；come up with“想出，提出”；face up to“敢于面对”。【答案】C29A.go overBcarry outCanswer forDlook for【解析】go over“查看，细看”；carry out“执行，实施”；answer for“对负责”；look for“寻找，期待”。第二天早上，他们决定看看彼此的缺点。【答案】A30A.equalBaccurateCenoughDtemporary【解析】既然“It had many items on it”，那么应该是“足足写满了三页”。【答案】C31A.angerBhappinessCsadnessDsmiles【解析】由下文“Whats wrong？”可推断，此处表示“丈夫的脸上显得有些悲伤”。【答案】C32A.stopBkeepCdelayDappreciate【解析】根据“Nothing”以及下文“The wife continued to read.”可知，此处表示“继续念吧”。【答案】B33A.beforeBuntilCunlessDafter【解析】妻子又接着念，一直把整整三页向丈夫念完。【答案】B34A.happilyBmiserablyCslightlyDcautiously【解析】依据上文内容，妻子向丈夫提议双方各自写出对方的小毛病，目的是使他们的生活更幸福，因此，当她说“现在该你念了，然后我们谈谈所列举的缺点”这句话时，心情是很高兴的。happily“高兴地，愉快地”；miserably“痛苦地，悲惨地”；slightly“轻微地，稍微地”；cautiously“谨慎地，小心地”。【答案】A35A.wrongBhonestChopefulDperfect【解析】由“I dont have anything on my list.”可推知“丈夫觉得妻子这样就很完美了”，因此，答案选D。【答案】D36A.tellBchangeCdiscussDinterrupt【解析】丈夫觉得妻子很完美，所以他不想尝试来改变她。【答案】B37A.touchedBencouragedCfrustratedDsupported【解析】由“turned her head and wept”可知，妻子被丈夫的诚实和对她深深的爱所“感动”，因此答案选A。【答案】A38A.forgivenessBsympathyCacceptanceDunderstanding【解析】因为丈夫没有写妻子的任何缺点，也不想让妻子为自己改变什么，由此可知，丈夫接纳了妻子的全部。【答案】C39A.inspiredBexcitedCsatisfiedDdepressed【解析】根据连词连接成分对等可知此处填depressed，意为“沮丧的，消沉的”。inspired“激动人心的”；excited“兴奋的”；satisfied“满意的”。【答案】D40A.saveBkillCdevoteDwaste【解析】由“We have a wonderful world that is full of beauty，light and promise”可知，该处表示“我们不必浪费时间”，因此答案选waste。kill ones time“消磨时间”。【答案】D.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 【导学号：04940051】The Internet is an 41._(amaze)information resource.Students, teachers，and researchers use it as 42._ investigative tool.Journalists use it to find information for stories.Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the 43._(late)medical development.Ordinary people use it 44._shopping, banking, billpaying, and communicating with family and friends.People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from 45._ countries and cultures.However, while there are many positive developments 46._ (associate)with the Internet，there are also certain fears and concerns.One concern relates to a lack of control ove
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